Tamanrasset
Tamanrasset
تامنراست | ||
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ONS code 1101 | | |
Climate | BWh |
Tamanrasset (
Tamanrasset was originally established as a military outpost to guard the trans-Saharan trade routes. Surrounded by the barren Sahara, very high temperatures of over 47 °C (117 °F) have been recorded here. Tamanrasset is located at an oasis where, despite the difficult climate, citrus fruits, apricots, dates, almonds, cereals, corn, and figs are grown. The Tuareg people were once the town's main inhabitants. Tamanrasset is a tourist attraction during the cooler months. Visitors are also drawn to the Museum of the Hoggar, which offers many exhibits depicting Tuareg life and culture.
The city is served by
History
Tamanrasset originated as the centre of a network of camel caravan trading routes from
The Catholic priest Charles de Foucauld was shot to death outside his Tamanrasset compound by Sermi ag Thora under the command of El Madani ag Soba on 1 December 1916.[6]
On 13 February 1960, during the
On 1 May 1962, near Ecker, 150 km north of Tamanrasset, there was an accidental venting of a French underground nuclear test. Due to improper sealing of the shaft, a spectacular flame burst through the concrete cap and radioactive gases and dust were vented into the atmosphere. The plume climbed up to 2600 m high and radiation was detected hundreds of kilometres away. About a hundred French soldiers and officials, including two ministers, were irradiated. The number of contaminated Algerians is unknown.
In 2003 Air Algérie Flight 6289 crashed in the city.
In 2010, the oasis town was the site of the Joint Military Staff Committee headquarters for combating
Climate
Tamanrasset has a
Climate data for Tamanrasset, Algeria (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 30.5 (86.9) |
32.9 (91.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.5 (99.5) |
38.8 (101.8) |
41.0 (105.8) |
41.4 (106.5) |
39.5 (103.1) |
37.8 (100.0) |
35.9 (96.6) |
31.6 (88.9) |
28.6 (83.5) |
41.4 (106.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.5 (68.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
26.4 (79.5) |
31.0 (87.8) |
34.2 (93.6) |
36.1 (97.0) |
36.1 (97.0) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.2 (93.6) |
30.3 (86.5) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.9 (71.4) |
29.5 (85.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
23.3 (73.9) |
27.2 (81.0) |
29.6 (85.3) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
27.8 (82.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) |
7.2 (45.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
15.7 (60.3) |
20.1 (68.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.4 (74.1) |
22.9 (73.2) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
15.4 (59.7) |
Record low °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
6.0 (42.8) |
9.0 (48.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
17.6 (63.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
15.5 (59.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.05) |
0.9 (0.04) |
4.2 (0.17) |
0.9 (0.04) |
2.9 (0.11) |
7.0 (0.28) |
8.0 (0.31) |
17.8 (0.70) |
6.0 (0.24) |
8.3 (0.33) |
0.5 (0.02) |
0.6 (0.02) |
58.4 (2.30) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 9.9 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 288.0 | 272.9 | 297.2 | 299.5 | 288.8 | 240.2 | 286.9 | 261.2 | 248.3 | 282.6 | 284.2 | 282.4 | 3,332.2 |
Source: NOAA[9] |
Education
4.3% of the population has a tertiary education, and another 14.1% has completed secondary education.[10] The overall literacy rate is 69.8%, and is 78.4% among males and 60.8% among females.[11]
Localities
The commune is composed of 14 localities:[12]
- Tamanrasset
- Amsel
- Outoul
- Tit
- Assekrem
- Tahifet
- Tarhenanet
- Tagmart
- Talan Teidit
- Efak
- Ihelfène
- Tarhaouhaout
- In Dalag
- Izernène
References
- ^ "Tamanrasset". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
- ^ a b "Population: Tamanrasset Wilaya" (PDF) (in French). Office National des Statistiques Algérie. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- ^ "Algeria Communes". Statoids. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- ^ John Gunther, "Inside Africa" Hamish Hamilton, page132
- ^ fr:François-Henry Laperrine
- ^ Fleming, Fergus. The Sword and the Cross: Two Men and an Empire of Sand. New York: Grove Press, 2003.
- ^ "RAPPORT N° 179 - L'EVALUATION DE LA RECHERCHE SUR LA GESTION DES DECHETS NUCLEAIRES A HAUTE ACTIVITE - TOME II : LES DECHETS MILITAIRES". www.senat.fr.
- ^ "Saharan states to open joint military headquarters". BBC News. 2010-04-21. Retrieved 2011-03-01.
- ^ "Tamanrasset Climate Normals 1991–2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
- ^ "Structure relative de la population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs âgée de 6 ans et plus selon le niveau d'instruction et la commune de résidence" (PDF) (in French). Office National des Statistiques Algérie. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- ^ "Taux d'analphabétisme et taux d'alphabétisation de la population âgée de 15 ans et plus, selon le sexe et la commune de résidence" (PDF) (in French). Office National des Statistiques Algérie. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- ^ "Décret n° 84-365, fixant la composition, la consistance et les limites territoriale des communes. Wilaya d'El Oued" (PDF) (in French). Journal officiel de la République Algérienne. 19 December 1984. p. 1551. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2013.