Tamil Renaissance
Tamil Renaissance refers to the literary, cultural, social reform and political movements that took place in the Tamil-speaking districts of Southern India starting in the second half of the 19th century and lasting to the culmination of the
The period was characterized by a literary revival, spearheaded by Tamil writers of two different factions. One preferred an increased mixture of
Beginnings
When the British Crown took over the administration of the country from the British East India Company, there was a rapid rise in literacy levels in South India.
The second half of the 19th century also saw the rebirth of Tamil pride, based on a distinct non-Aryan Dravidian identity. The
Tamil nationalism also inspired a pan-Indian anti-British school of thought, thereby strengthening the Indian independence movement in Tamil Nadu. Indian independence activists like
Key individuals
- Linguists and litterateurs
- Historians
- C. Hayavadana Rao
- V. Kanakasabhai
- S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar
- C. Minakshi
- K. A. Nilakanta Sastri
- M. S. Purnalingam Pillai
- R. Raghava Iyengar
- V. R. Ramachandra Dikshitar
- T. R. Sesha Iyengar
- K. N. Sivaraja Pillai
- P. T. Srinivasa Iyengar
- Epigraphists
- E. Hultzsch
- H. Krishna Sastri
- Iravatham Mahadevan
- C. Sivaramamurti
- K. V. Subrahmanya Aiyar
- V. Venkayya
- Mysticists
- Science and Mathematics
- C. V. Raman
- Srinivasa Ramanujan
- K. S. Krishnan
- S. R. Ranganathan
- Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu
- G. N. Ramachandran
- Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
- S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
- Venki Ramakrishnan
- Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar
- T. R. Seshadri
- S. R. Ranganathan
- M. S. Narasimhan
- C. S. Seshadri
- M. S. Raghunathan
- Writers and journalists
- V. V. S. Aiyar
- Asokamitran
- C. S. Chellappa
- V. Kalyanasundaram Mudaliar
- C. N. Annadurai
- M. Karunanidhi
- Kalki Krishnamurthy
- Kalki Sadasivam
- G. A. Natesan
- Puthumaipithan
- Samuel Vedanayagam Pillai
- Subrahmanya Bharathy
Notes
- ^ Bhaskaran, Theodore S. (4 April 2014). "Seeds of Tamil Renaissance". Frontline. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
- ^ Comale (1976). European impact on modern Tamil writing and literature. Dravidian Linguistic Association. p. 53.
- ISBN 0195128133.
Bibliography
- K. Nambi Arooran (1980). Tamil Renaissance and the Dravidian Movement, 1905-1944. Koodal.
- R. E. Asher. Tamil Renaissance and Beginnings of the Tamil Novel.
- Charles A. Ryerson (1988). Regionalism and religion: the Tamil renaissance and popular Hinduism. Christian Literature Society.
- Robert L. Hardgrave. The Justice Party and the Tamil Renaissance.
- Prema Nandakumar (1964). "Bharati and Tamil Renaissance". Subramania Bharati.