Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik
Syed Rizwan Farook | |
---|---|
Gunshot wounds | |
Education | California State University, San Bernardino |
Spouse |
Tashfeen Malik (m. 2014–2015) |
Children | 1 daughter (b. 2015) |
Details | |
Date | December 2, 2015 10:59 a.m. – ~3:00 p.m. |
Location(s) | Inland Regional Center |
Target(s) | San Bernardino County employees attending a holiday event |
Killed | 14 (together with Malik) |
Injured | 22 (together with Malik) |
Weapons |
|
Tashfeen Malik | |
---|---|
Gunshot wounds | |
Education | Bahauddin Zakariya University |
Spouse |
Syed Rizwan Farook
(m. 2014–2015) |
Children | 1 daughter (b. 2015) |
Details | |
Date | December 2, 2015 10:59 a.m. – ~3:00 p.m. |
Location(s) | Inland Regional Center |
Target(s) | San Bernardino County employees attending a holiday event |
Killed | 14 (together with Farook) |
Injured | 22 (together with Farook) |
Weapons |
|
Syed Rizwan Farook (June 14, 1987
Backgrounds
Rizwan Farook
Farook was born in Chicago, Illinois,[11][12][13] and was a U.S. citizen. His parents had emigrated from Pakistan.[14]
Personal life
According to sources, Farook had a "troubled childhood"[15] and grew up in an abusive home in which his father was often violent towards his mother.[16][17][18] Farook grew up in Riverside, California, and attended La Sierra High School, graduating in 2004, one year early.[19][20] He attended California State University, San Bernardino, and received a bachelor's degree in environmental health in either 2009 or 2010.[19][20][21] He was a student for one semester in 2014 at California State University, Fullerton in their graduate program for environmental engineering, but never completed the program.[19]
Farook had a profile on the
Farook worked as a food inspector for the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health for five years before the shooting.[23][24][25] From July to December 2010, he was a seasonal employee for the county. He was hired as an environmental health specialist trainee on January 28, 2012, and became a permanent employee on February 8, 2014.[19] Coworkers described Farook as quiet and polite, and said that he held no obvious grudges.[26]
Religious views and travels
According to family members and coworkers, Farook was a devout
The Italian newspaper La Stampa reported that Farook's father said that his son "shared the ideology of Al Baghdadi to create an Islamic state" and that he was fixated with Israel.[30] A spokesperson for the Council on American–Islamic Relations (CAIR) later claimed the father did not recall making these statements about his son.[31]
Tashfeen Malik
Malik was born in Pakistan, but lived most of her life in Saudi Arabia and the U.S.[11][24][32] Her original hometown was Karor Lal Esan, 450 kilometers (280 mi) southwest of Islamabad, Pakistan.[33] Her landowning family was described as politically influential in the town.[34]
Studies in Multan
Malik returned to Pakistan to study pharmacology at Bahauddin Zakariya University in Multan, beginning the program in 2007 and graduating in 2012.[34][35][36] Saudi Interior Ministry spokesman Major General Mansour Al-Turki denied reports that Malik grew up in his country, saying that she visited Saudi Arabia only for a few weeks in 2008 and again in 2013.[37] The city of Multan has been linked to jihadist activity.[38]
While in Multan, Malik attended the local center of the
According to experts, Al-Huda "draws much of its support from women from educated, relatively affluent backgrounds."[36] Faiza Mushtaq, a Pakistani scholar that studied the organization, said that "these Al-Huda classes are teaching these urban, educated, upper-middle-class women a very conservative interpretation of Islam that makes them very judgmental about others around them." According to the Los Angeles Times, Al-Huda seminaries promote anti-Western views and hard-line practices in a fashion that "could encourage some adherents to lash out against non-believers."[40] The New York Times reported that the institute "teaches a strict literalist interpretation of the Quran, although it does not advocate violent jihad."[41] An Al-Huda administrator from the head office in Islamabad said that terrorism "is against the teachings of Islam" and that the school's curriculum did not endorse violence.[40]
Marriage and entry into United States
According to one of Farook's coworkers, Malik and her husband married about a month after he traveled to Saudi Arabia in early 2014; the two had met over the Internet.[9][26] Malik joined Farook in California shortly after their wedding. A U.S. marriage certificate reported their marriage in Riverside on August 16, 2014.[42] At the time of her death, Malik and Farook had a six-month-old daughter.[25][43][44]
Malik entered the United States on a
Malik reportedly had become very religious in the years before the attack, wearing both the
Internet activities
On December 16, 2015,
Early reports had erroneously stated that Malik had openly expressed jihadist beliefs on social media, leading to calls for U.S. immigration officials to routinely review social media as part of background checks, which is not part of the current procedure.[41] Comey subsequently clarified that the remarks were "direct private messages" that were not publicly accessible and that "So far, in this investigation, we have found no evidence of posting on social media."[53]
Comey said that the
Planning of the attack
A
The FBI has said that there were "telephonic connections" between the couple and other people of interest in FBI probes.[61] Comey said that the case did not follow the typical pattern for mass shootings or terrorist attacks.[35] A senior U.S. law enforcement official said that Farook contacted "persons of interest" who were possibly tied to terrorism, although these contacts were not "substantial."[62] A senior federal official said that Farook had some contact with people from the Nusra Front, the official al-Qaeda affiliate in Syria,[63] and Shabaab of Somalia, but specifics were unclear.[35][64][65]
Weapons
Farook and Malik used two .223-caliber semi-automatic rifles, two 9 mm caliber semi-automatic pistols, and an explosive device in the attack.[1][2][14] The rifles used were variants of the AR-15: one was a DPMS Panther Arms A15, the other was a Smith & Wesson M&P15.[14][66]
The two rifles were purchased by
The couple altered the guns: there was a failed attempt to modify the Smith & Wesson rifle to fire in
The explosive device left at the Inland Regional Center comprised three explosive devices connected to one another. It was contained inside the backpack left by Farook during the departmental event. The devices were described as
The large stockpile of weapons used by Farook and Malik led investigators to believe that they intended to carry out further attacks.[78] An examination of digital equipment recovered from their home suggested that the couple was in the final planning stages of a much larger attack.[79]
Shooting range video
After law enforcement sources confirmed that Farook spent time on November 29–30, 2015, at the
Bank transaction
Two weeks before the shooting, Farook took out a loan of US$28,500 which was deposited in his bank account. The San Francisco-based online lender Prosper Marketplace made the loan to Farook; Prosper evaluates borrowers and the loans are originated by a third-party bank, the Salt Lake City-based WebBank.com.[82][83] On or about November 20, 2015, Farook withdrew US$10,000 in cash, and later on two US$5,000 transfers were made to what appears to be Farook's mother's bank account. Investigators were exploring the possibility that the US$10,000 was used to reimburse someone for the purchase of the rifles used in the shooting.[82] WebBank said that it was fully cooperating with the investigation.[84]
Terrorist attack
On the morning of the December 2 attack, Farook and Malik left their six-month-old daughter with Farook's mother at their Redlands home, telling her that they were going to a doctor's appointment.[11][85] Farook then attended a departmental event at the banquet room of the Inland Regional Center.[86][87] The event began as a semi-annual all-staff meeting and training event, and was in the process of transitioning into a department holiday party/luncheon when the shooting began.[86][88]
Farook arrived at the departmental event at about 8:30 a.m. and left midway through it at around 10:30 a.m., leaving a backpack containing explosives atop a table.[89] Coworkers reported that Farook had been quiet for the duration of the event.[26][86] He posed for photos with other coworkers.[27][90][91]
At 10:59 a.m. PST, Farook and Malik armed themselves and opened fire on those in attendance.[71][92][93][94] During the attack, they wore ski masks and black tactical gear.[88][95] The entire shooting took less than four minutes,[86] and Farook and Malik fired between 65 and 75 bullets. The couple departed the scene before police arrived.[94] The explosive devices placed by Farook were later detonated by a bomb squad.[1][96]
The attack was the second-deadliest mass shooting in California after the 1984
Deaths
After the attack, a witness recognized Farook and identified him to police.[88][92][108] When officers responded to Farook and Malik's Redlands home, both fled in a sports utility vehicle (SUV), resulting in a police pursuit.[1][8][96][109] At least one fake explosive was thrown at the police during the chase.[1][96]
The chase ended in a suburban neighborhood about 1.7 miles (2.7 km) away from the scene of the initial attack. There, Farook and Malik exchanged gunfire with officers.[8] The gunfire lasted for around five minutes before both Farook and Malik were killed by police bullets.[8][9][10] Farook died from 26 gunshot wounds, sustained mostly in the legs and including one in the chin where the bullet fragmented into his neck. Malik died from fifteen gunshot wounds, thirteen to the body and two to the head.[75]
Aftermath
After Farook's and Malik's corpses were released by law enforcement, local Islamic cemeteries refused to accept the remains. It took a week to find a willing cemetery, and the burial ultimately took place in Rosamond, California.[110] According to two members of the mosque, many of the city's Muslim community refused to attend the funeral on December 15, 2015, which was attended by around ten mourners including relatives of Farook.[111]
Farook's and Malik's corpses were buried per traditional Muslim rituals at an Islamic cemetery, according to Reuters.[112]
In one Arabic-language online radio broadcast,
On February 9, 2016, the FBI announced that it was unable to unlock one of the mobile phones they had recovered from Farook and Malik's home because of the phone's advanced security features. The phone was an
The San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department released autopsies for the 14 victims on May 27, 2016.[121] In the fall of 2020 in response to a Denver radio program's public records request the department released the autopsies for Farook and Malik.[122]
On May 31, 2016, federal prosecutors filed a lawsuit against Farook's family. This lawsuit would allow them to seize both the proceeds of two life insurance policies (and the policies themselves) held by Farook, both of which listed Farook's mother as the beneficiary. One policy worth US$25,000 was taken out by Farook in 2012 when he started working for the county, while the other, worth US$250,000, was taken out the following year. According to NBC News, "Under federal law, assets derived from terrorism are subject to forfeiture. A federal judge must approve an application before the government can seize the money."[18][123][124] In the six-page lawsuit, the life insurance company claimed that Farook's mother was aware of her son's intentions to carry out the attack, and reasoned that she should not be entitled to the benefits as a result.[125] On September 2, 2016, government officials said they wanted to give the money to the victims' families.[126]
On March 3, 2020, Farook's mother, Rafia Farook, pleaded guilty to a federal criminal charge of intending to impede a federal criminal investigation by shredding a map. On February 11, 2021, she was sentenced to six months of home confinement as part of the plea deal.[127][128]
In October 2020, Sayeed Farook's confidant, Enrique Marquez Jr., received a 20-year federal prison term for helping acquire the semi-automatic rifles.[129]
See also
Notes
- )
References
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