Tehuacán
Tehuacan, Puebla | |
---|---|
(US Central)) | |
Postal code (of seat) | 75710 |
Area code | 238 |
Demonym | Tehuacanero |
Website | www |
Tehuacán (Spanish pronunciation:
Culture
Originally a Native American settlement, it became officially a city in the Viceroyalty of New Spain in 1660.
Tehuacan is known for hosting many diverse festivals that celebrate traditions and costumes earned through the years from the ancient natives. One of the most recognized festival in the last 15 years is the Festival Internacional de Tehuacán 1660 which celebrates the artistic and cultural backgrounds of the city.
In the late nineteenth century, the city was well known for its
Economy
The main economic activity in the Tehuacán valley is poultry production. The municipality is the second largest producer of table eggs in the country with over 25 million layers housed plus a significant production of broilers for chicken meat. Companies that dominate the industry include El Calvario, Mr. Egg, Huevo Tehuacán, PATSA and IMSA.[6]
After the
Geography
Tehuacán is located in the southeastern part of Mexico. Northern bordering cities are Tepanco de López, Santiago Miahuatlán, Vicente Guerrero y Nicolás Bravo; Eastern Vicente Guerrero, San Antonio Cañada y Ajalpan; Southern San Gabriel Chilac, Zapotitlán, San Antonio Texcala y Altepexi; and Western Zapotitlán, San Martín Atexcal, Juan N. Méndez y Tepanco de López.
The city of Tehuacán has a population of 248,716 with a geographical weather of 19 degrees Celsius most of the year. Tehuacan is an important territory known as the Tehuacán Valley with a diverse ecosystem.
Another important geographical factor to consider about the region of
. This Axis connects the main active volcanoes of the region and because of this volcanic activity the city presents continuous movements of Earth, specially during summer and spring seasons.Tehuacan Valley presents a high diversity of plant and animal species, especially the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve located 30 minutes southwest from Tehuacán, that belongs to the city and protects 200 cactus species, most of them endangered types.
Tourism
Tehuacan offers a diversity of attractions, from outside activities to historical places and museums that keep years of history not just from the region but from ancient times and establishment of the Mexican Republic.
The most popular places to visit are:
Peñafiel and Garci Crespo Natural Springs Underground galleries that are the production facilities for the famous mineral water known as “Agua Tehuacan”. This is part of a natural process as a result of snow melting from the volcanoes which contain a high level of minerals, making it bubbly.
The Ex-Convent of San Francisco is a 16th-century monastic complex that was used as the house of one of the most renowned schools of Latin in the New Spain. The architecture and history printed on its walls painting shows the transition from one period of history to another.
The Museum of Mineralogy is a museum that has a private collection from Don Miguel Romero, one of the most recognized figures from Tehuacan city that donated important art and scientific pieces such as moonstones, fossil minerals and meteorites given as presents and others found in the Tehuacan Valley region during diverse explorations through the times.
The
Religion
In Tehuacán there are also important
Archaeology
The transition from nomadic hunting and gathering to a settled, agricultural way of life in Tehuacan valley has been the subject of extensive study.
The valley was home to the Tehuacán culture (5000 BCE–2300 BCE).
Archaeologist Richard MacNeish with his collaborators conducted a large-scale reconnaissance and excavation project in Tehuacán that was carried out between 1960 and 1965. MacNeish and his team tested 15 caves, then concentrated on 6 named El Riego, Tecorral, San Marcos, Purrón, Abejas, and Coxcatlán.[8]
The results were published in a five volume edited series,[9] and attracted much attention.
"MacNeish found that a Late Archaic complex of stone bowls was followed by Mexico’s first pottery. Named for Purrón Cave, where they first appeared, these monochrome Mexican ceramics resembled (and briefly coexisted with) the stone bowls."[8]
Maize domestication
Historically, the Valley of Tehuacán is important to the whole of Mexico, as the most ancient forms of cultivated maize known were found here by archeologists.
According to the MacNeish (MacNeish, 1981, 1985), the Valley of Tehuacán was the first place maize was ever cultivated by humankind. He arrived at this conclusion when he found over 10,000 teosinte cobs in what is now known as the Coxcatlan Cave. What he found were actually halfway between maize and teosinte—corncobs the size of a cigarette filter.[8]
Later, in 1989, his work was re-evaluated and confirmed.
These sites are located in the Balsas River valley, which continues downstream into the state of Guerrero. There are also very early maize sites there, which more recently attracted attention.
More recent evidence supports Balsas River valley as the first place in the world where maize was first domesticated about 9000 years ago.[11]
The so-called "Balsas
The recent debate among scientists was where exactly in the Balsas River valley this type of teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) grew.
Notable people
- Juan Rafael Méndez, professional footballer
- Agnés Torres Hernández, psychologist, researcher, and transgender activist, born in Tehuacán
See also
- El Riego phase
- Abejas Phase
- Tehuacán Valley matorral — Deserts and xeric shrublands ecoregion in the Valley.
References
- ^ "Traveling Mexico, Complete Travel Guide". Traveling Mexico.
- ^ Rodríguez Lezama, Elizabeth (June 26, 2020). "Toma protesta Andrés Artemio Caballero López como alcalde sustituto de Tehuacán" (in Spanish). La Jornada de Oriente. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
- ^ "Tehuacán: Economía, empleo, equidad, calidad de vida, educación, salud y seguridad pública".
- ^ Population data from Census of 2005. INEGI: Instituto National du Estadistica y Geographia (2011). INEGI - México en cifras. Archived from the original on April 20, 2011.
- ^ Instituto para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal (2010). Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México. Archived from the original on May 7, 2004.
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ignored (help) - ^ "The World's Leading Broiler, Turkey and Egg Producers". www.wattagnet.com.
- ^ Jo Tuckman (August 17, 2007). "Distressed denim trend costs Mexican farmers the earth". Retrieved January 23, 2011.
- ^ a b c KENT V. FLANNERY AND JOYCE MARCUS, RICHARD STOCKTON MACNEISH 1918-2001 -- A Biographical Memoir (PDF) The National Academy of Sciences, 2001
- ^ Richard MacNeish, ed., 1967-72 The Prehistory of the Tehuacán Valley, vols. 1-5. Austin: University of Texas Press.
- ^ Long, Austin, Bruce F. Benz, Douglas J. Donahue, AJ T. Jull, and Lawrence J. Toolin. First direct AMS dates on early maize from Tehuacán, Mexico. Radiocarbon 31, no. 3 (1989): 1035-1040.
- PMID 11983901.
- PMID 19307573.)
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
External links
- Diving Destiny Circle of Blue tells the story of one Tehuacán Valley community's response to Mexico's worst water crisis in decades.
- Tehuacán municipal government Official website (Spanish)
- Tehuacán, Puebla Information Tehuacán, Puebla Information (Spanish)
- tehuacan.com.mx, El Portal de la Ciudad tehuacan.com.mx, El Portal de la Ciudad. Directorio Empresarial en Línea
- Tehuacan News Noticias al dia de Tehuacán