Temple of Janus (Forum Holitorium)
Aedes Iani | |
Location | Rome, Italy |
---|---|
Coordinates | 41°53′28.9″N 12°28′48.2″E / 41.891361°N 12.480056°E |
Length | 26 metres (85 ft) |
Width | 15 metres (49 ft) |
History | |
Periods | 3rd century BC |
Cultures | Ancient Rome |
The Temple of Janus (
History
The temple was built by
During the early
Location
The temple is known to have stood near the Roman vegetable market (Forum Holitorium) "at" or "beside the Theatre of Marcellus" (ad[10] or iuxta theatrum Marcelli)[11][a] and "outside the Carmental Gate" (extra portam Carmentalem).[14]
There are known to have been three contiguous temples from the
Description
The ruins of the northernmost of the three ancient temples lie to the right of the facade of San Nicola. The principal remains are seven columns in tuff, a typical material for monuments of the Late Republic and early Empire, incorporated with their architrave into the right side of the chuch and two other free-standing columns near the Theatre of Marcellus. This temple was about 26 metres (85 ft) in length and 15 metres (49 ft) in width before its destruction. It had a Ionic hexastyle pronaos and featured another row of six columns behind the facade and one of nine on the long side. It lacked a rear colonnade (posticum), since the peristasis of columns did not cover that side. The temple was entirely covered with peperino like the one used for the Temple of Hadrian and rested on a basement of concrete covered with travertine. The columns and capitals were made of marble as well, unlike the nearby Temple of Portunus which had a stucco covering.
See also
Notes
- ^ Jordan considers this statement by Servius an interpolation, although this does not seem warranted by Thilo's apparatus criticus. It is more likely a scholar conflated this temple with the Temple of Janus at the bottom of the Argiletum when they wrote "sacrarium hoc, id est belli portas, Numa Pompilius fecit circa imum Argiletum iuxta theatrum Marcelli."[12] This is the second of the alternatives suggested by Wissowa.[13]
References
Citations
- ^ a b Tacitus, Annals, Book II, §49.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Platner (1929), p. 277.
- ^ HJ, p. 508; Rosch., Vol. II, p. 26; Gilb., Vol. I, pp. 260–265, and Vol. III, p. 380; Jord., Vol. I, p. 347.
- ^ Fest. 285.
- ^ Fast. Allif. et Vallens.
- ^ Pais, Fasti Triumphales Capitolini, Vol. II, pp. 474–478.
- Natural History, Book XXXVI, §28.
- ^ WR 106; Jahr. d. Inst. (1890), pp. 148–149.
- ^ Fast. Amit.
- ^ Fast. Allif. et Vall. ad XVI Kal. Sept., CIL I2 p217, 240; Fast. Amit. ad XV Kal. Nov., CIL I2 p245, 325, 332
- Servius, Aen., Book VII, §607.
- ^ Cf. LIV. I.19.2.
- ^ Wissowa (1904), Gött. Gel. Anz., p. 562.
- ^ Fest. 285.
- ^ HJ, pp. 507–514; Mitt. (1906), pp. 169–192; LR, pp. 513–514; Delbrück (1903).
- ^ Sov. Capit. (2017).
Bibliography
- "Templi Repubblicani di San Nicola in Carcere", Official site (in Italian), Rome: Capitoline Superintendancy, 2017.
- Delbrück, Richard (1903), Die Drei Tempel am Forum Holitorium in Rom (in German), Rome: Kaiserlich Deutschen Archaeologischen Institut.
- Platner, Samuel Ball (1929), "Aedes Jani", A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press, pp. 277–278.
Preceded by Temple of Hercules Victor |
Landmarks of Rome Temple of Janus |
Succeeded by Temple of "Minerva Medica" |