Temple of Jupiter, Split
Jupiterov hram Temple of Jupiter | |
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General information | |
Town or city | Split |
Country | Croatia |
Coordinates | 43°30′30″N 16°26′22″E / 43.508341°N 16.439568°E |
Construction started | 295 AD |
Completed | 305 AD |
Client | Emperor Diocletian |
The Temple of Jupiter (
Description
The Temple of Jupiter was constructed between 295 and 305 as part of Diocletian's Palace. It was dedicated to the supreme Roman god and Diocletian's "divine father",
Reliefs depicting gods and various heroes, such as
Sarcophagi, containing the remains of two Archbishops of Split, Ivan of Ravenna (died c. 1059) and Lovre (died c. 1099), are placed inside the Temple. In addition, there is a large bronze statue of St. John the Baptist made by Ivan Meštrović. [3][4] A Renaissance sarcophagus of Jakov Selembrije from the 16th century is placed in front of the baptistery.[5]
In the 11th century, a Romanesque style bell tower was built above the vault. It is similar to one in the Church of Our Lady of the Tower above Iron Gate of Diocletian's palace, which was demolished around 1840 in accordance with the then classicist aspirations which argued for purification of ancient monuments and buildings.[6]
During late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the Temple was converted into a baptistery dedicated to St. John the Baptist, while the crypt was dedicated to St. Thomas.
In the 13th century, the baptismal font made of parts of the altar partition from the 11th century which was originally located in the cathedral was placed within the baptismal font. The oldest representation of Croatian king
The Temple's barrel coffered vault influenced Dalmatian early Renaissance art which is best seen in the example of Andrea Alessi's baptistery and Chapel of blessed John in Trogir.[7]
In 1907, a few houses on the west and south side of the Temple were demolished, so the Temple was freed of fittings, except those in the northwest corner that are still leaning against it.[6]
See also
- Diocletian's Palace
- List of Roman domes
- List of Ancient Roman temples
- Roman architecture
References
- ^ "SPLIT CULTURE • Portal o kulturi u Splitu". Splitculture.hr. 2011-01-01. Archived from the original on 2015-09-11. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ^ "Sve splitske sfinge | splitski.portal". Split.com.hr. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ^ "Hramovi - Jupiterov hram". Split.hr. Archived from the original on 2010-02-06. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ^ "Koliko Palača ima hramova? • infozona.hr - Više od informacije!". Infozona.hr. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ^ a b "Cro Film". Crofilm.hr. Archived from the original on 2016-03-02. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ^ a b "Godišnjak zaštite spomenika kulture Hrvatske" (PDF). Min-kulture.hr. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ^ "Split - Jupiterov hram". Visitsplit.com. 2016-02-16. Retrieved 2016-02-28.