Tennis injuries
Muscle strain is one of the most common injuries in
Types of injuries
Lateral epicondylitis
Lateral epicondylitis is an overuse injury that frequently occurs in tennis. It is also known as
Shoulder
Shoulder injury is another common type of tennis injury. Shoulder injuries are caused by the repetitive use of shoulder[10] when serving and striking the ball. The injury also relevance to rotator cuff pathology, toscapular dyskinesis or glenohumeral internal rotation deficit which leads to internal impingement and/or labral pathology.[10][11] There is 24% of the high-level tennis players aged 12–19 suffered from shoulder pain and rise up to 50% for middle-aged players.[12] A way to prevent shoulder injury is to flex and stretch the wrist with an exercise band three to four times a week and to stretch properly before playing a game.[13]
Back
It is common for tennis players, at all levels of play, to have experienced back injury throughout their career. In fact, more than 85% of the active athletes clarified that they have experienced back pain.[14][15][16][17] According to 148 professional tennis player in one particular study, back pain forced 39% of players to withdraw from the tournament.[18] Furthermore, 29% of the players said they experienced chronic back pain.[18] Lower back pain is another common injury amongst tennis players with instances of postural abnormalities and general overuse which may occur during the back rotation and extension of the serve. In order to relieve pain in the lower back people are often told to rest it, but no longer than two days because of its potential damage to the bones, connecting tissue, and cardiovascular system. Once the back pain has dispersed stretching is recommended in order to prevent the stiffness from the initial pain, with examples being the squatting position or spinal extensions. In order to prevent future lower back injuries strength training to the abdominal muscles is necessary to strengthen the abdomen, and to protect the back from excessive intervertebral disk strain. The straight crunch, the Oblique crunch, and balance exercises with the gym ball are some of the workouts for abdominal strengthening, but the exercises should be done with caution to prevent any further back strain. After the injury is dealt with, players at any level may return to the court, the higher level players will often go through proper stretching before any matches to prevent hurting their back or any other part of their body.
Blister
Blister can be described as a patch that appears on the skin and is filled with a clear fluid and sometimes blood. During physical activities, the continuous force of friction, cutting, squeezing and scratching, which causes the separation of the epidermal cell layer, as a result the blister is formed.[19] Blister (foot) occurs frequently among marathon runners, walk racers, backpackers and in hiking.[19] In tennis, the blister development site often occurs on the hand or around the fingers because the skin is consistently rubbing against the tennis racquet. Blisters can also occur on the backside of the feet due to wearing the wrong sized shoe, worn out shoes, too thin of socks, or improper foot work.[20]
Leg
Tennis leg is the most common tennis injury within older tennis players. Tennis leg is an incomplete tear or rupture of the calf muscle.[21] The injury is noticed right away by hearing a popping sound, or a jabbed feeling in the leg. The injury is very painful; players are unable to finish their match if injury occurs.[21] After injury occurs, players should rest, ice, compress, and elevate injury. In most cases, physical therapy is required. Physical therapy lasts from a four to six week period; includes running, stretching, and jumping drills to strengthen the muscle.[21] After recovery, returning to play is slow; prevention includes proper stretching and warmup before play, rolling out muscles, and cross training, such as, Pilates, cycling, or running.[21]
Knee
Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse injury of the patellar tendon.[22] Its more common name is Jumper’s knee. Common injury in tennis players due to constant jarring, jumping, and quick changes of motion while in play.[22] Common symptoms are pain below the knee cap, or an aching pain after playing. Recovery for Jumping knee includes strengthening the thigh muscle, stretching the front and back of the thigh, hamstrings, quadriceps, and coordination training.[22]
Another more permanent knee injury is chondromalacia. Unlike jumper’s knee, this injury is unreversible. Symptoms are pain in the front of the kneecap.[23] This condition is due to the gradual breakdown of the cartilage in the knee.[23]
Stress Fractures
Stress fractures are considered one of the most common injuries in athletes. In tennis, stress fractures are due to repetitive jarring and excessive submaximal loads on bones and muscles.[24] The number one symptom of stress fractures is pain. Symptoms of stress fractures in the feet include tenderness and swelling.[23] Stress fractures are common in hands, feet, shins, and the last five vertebrae of the back.[23] Female tennis players are set at higher risk to stress fractures than males.[24]
Wrist and arm stress fractures can lead to greater issues such as tendonitis.
See also
- Tennis
- Tennis technology
- Tennis statistics
References
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- ^ ISBN 9780803623620.)
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- ^ Peterson, Magnus, Butler, Eriksson, Svardsudd, Stephen, Margaretha, Kurt. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Eccentric vs. Concentric Graded Exercise in Chronic Tennis Elbow. pp. 869–72.
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- ^ "How to Prevent Blisters on Hands and Feet in Tennis". Tennis Gems. 2019-01-12. Retrieved 2019-11-18.
- ^ a b c d "Tennis Leg Care and Treatment: One to One Physical Therapy".
- ^ a b c "Jumper's Knee". International Tennis Federation.
- ^ a b c d Havens, Kristen (7 July 2006). "Tennis Injuries: Most Common, How to Prevent, Therapy For". Coastal Orthopedics.
- ^ PMID 16632579.)
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