Testicular pain
Testicular pain | |
---|---|
Other names | Scrotal pain, orchialgia |
chronic pelvic pain syndrome[2] |
Testicular pain, also known as scrotal pain, occurs when part or all of either one or both
Causes range from non serious muscular skeletal problems to
Pain management is typically given with definitive management depending on the underlying cause.
Definition
Testicular pain is when part or all of either one or both
Chronic scrotal pain
Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis of testicular pain is broad and involves conditions from benign to life-threatening. The most common causes of pain in children presenting to the emergency room are testicular torsion (16%), torsion of a testicular appendage (46%), and epididymitis (35%).[4] In adults, the most common cause is epididymitis.[citation needed]
Testicular torsion
Testicular torsion usually presents with an acute onset of diffuse testicular pain and tenderness of less than 6 hrs of duration. There is often an absent or decreased cremasteric reflex, the testicle is elevated, and often is horizontal.[5] It occurs annually in about 1 in 4,000 males before 25 years of age,[3] is most frequent among adolescents (65% of cases presenting between 12 and 18 years of age),[6] and is rare after 35 years of age.[7] Because it can lead to necrosis within a few hours, it is considered a surgical emergency.[7] Another version of this condition is a chronic illness called intermittent testicular torsion (ITT) which is characterized by recurrent rapid acute onset of pain in one testis which will temporarily assume a horizontal or elevated position in the scrotum similar to that of a full torsion followed by eventual spontaneous detortion and rapid solution of pain. Nausea or vomiting may also occur.[8]
Epididymitis and orchitis
Fournier's gangrene
Others
Many other less common conditions can lead to testicular pain. These include
Diagnostic approach
Physical findings
The
Laboratory tests
Useful tests that may help in the determination of the cause include a
Imaging
References
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- S2CID 45641097. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2009-10-07.
- PMID 32772625.
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- ^ "Testicle pain: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". National Institute of Health.
- S2CID 36966128.
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- PMID 10068706.