Théodore Chassériau
Théodore Chassériau | |
---|---|
Paris, France | |
Nationality | French |
Education | Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres |
Movement | Romanticism; Orientalism |
Théodore Chassériau (September 20, 1819 – October 8, 1856) was a Dominican-born French Romantic painter noted for his portraits, historical and religious paintings, allegorical murals, and Orientalist images inspired by his travels to Algeria. Early in his career he painted in a Neoclassical style close to that of his teacher Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, but in his later works he was strongly influenced by the Romantic style of Eugène Delacroix. He was a prolific draftsman, and made a suite of prints to illustrate Shakespeare's Othello. The portrait he painted at the age of 15 of Prosper Marilhat makes Chassériau the youngest painter exhibited at the Louvre museum.[1]
Life and work
Chassériau was born in
After Ingres left Paris in 1834 to become director of the
Among the chief works of his early maturity are Susanna and the Elders and
Portraits from this period include the Portrait of the Reverend Father Dominique Lacordaire, of the Order of the Predicant Friars (1840), and
Throughout his life he was a prolific draftsman; his many portrait drawings executed with a finely pointed graphite pencil are close in style to those of Ingres.[9] He also created a body of 29 prints, including a group of eighteen etchings of subjects from Shakespeare's Othello in 1844.[10]
He exhibited the colossal portrait , and only fragments could be recovered; these are preserved in the Louvre.
After a period of ill health, exacerbated by his exhausting work on commissions for murals to decorate the Churches of Saint-Roch and Saint-Philippe-du-Roule, Chassériau died at the age of 37 in Paris, on October 8, 1856. He is buried in the Montmartre Cemetery.
Technique and style
Chassériau's art has often been characterized as an attempt to reconcile the classicism of Ingres with the romanticism of Delacroix.[11] In composing his narrative paintings, his concern for the decorative arrangement of figures and the creation of a mood took precedence over narrative coherence. His preferred method of working was to study his model carefully and then draw from memory.[12] He favored the serpentine pose, especially for his female figures. Art historian Jonathan P. Ribner calls "the inclined neck and bent knee" Chassériau's "signature motif" and says that "his command of foreshortening and three-dimensional composition remained uneven to the end, and this limitation is reflected in the tenacity of his ... inclination toward flattened, stylized poses."[12] According to Léon Rosenthal, Chassériau was "much less concerned with bringing heroes to life or developing characters than desirous of producing subtle and infinitely rich impressions suggested to him by the themes he chooses".[12]
Legacy
His work had a significant impact on the style of
Works of Chassériau are in the
Exhibitions
- Théodore Chassériau: Parfum exotique, National Museum of Western Art of Tokyo, Japan, February 28 – May 28, 2017
- Théodore Chassériau: Obras sobre papel, Galerie nationale des beaux-arts de Santo Domingo and Centro cultural León de Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic, 2004
- Théodore Chassériau (1819–1856): A Different Romanticism, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (United States), Galeries nationales du Grand Palais in Paris (France) and Musée des beaux-arts de Strasbourg(France), 2002
- Chassériau (1819–1856): exposition au profit de la Société des amis du Louvre, Galerie Daber, Paris, France, 1976
- Theodore Chassériau (1819–1856), Musée des beaux-arts de Poitiers, France, 1969
- Théodore Chassériau, Musée national des beaux-arts d'Alger, Algeria, 1936
- Restrospective Théodore Chassériau (1819–1856), Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris, France, 1933
- Aquarelles et dessins de Chasseriau (1819–1856), Galerie L. Dru, Paris, France, 1927
- Les Peintres orientalistes français - 4e exposition: Rétrospective Théodore Chassériau, Galerie Durand-Ruel, Paris, France, 1897
Selected works
- Musée du Louvre
- Musée du Louvre
- Battle of Arab Horsemen Around a Standard (1854) - Dallas Museum of Art
- The Caliph of Constantine, also known as Ali Ben-Hamet, Caliph of Constantine and Chief of the Haractas, Followed by his Escort
- Arab Chiefs Challenging each other to Single Combat under the Ramparts of a City
- Andromeda Chained to the Rock by the Nereids
- Arab Chiefs Visiting their Vassals
- Christ on the Mount of Olives
- The Descent from the Cross
- Diana Surprised by Actaeon
- Jewish Women on a Balcony
- Othello and Desdemona in Venice
- Portrait of the Father Dominique Lacordaire, of the Order of the Predicant Friars
- Susanna and the Elders
- Venus Anadyomene
- The Tepidarium
- The Toilette of Esther
- The Two Sisters
Gallery
-
Portrait de la comtesse de La Tour Maubourg, 1841,Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
-
Peace, Protector of the Arts and of the Tilling of the Soil, 1844–1848, oil on plaster transferred to canvas. A surviving fragment of the Cour des Comptes decorations.
-
Shakespeare
-
Scene in the Jewish Quarter of Constantine, 1851,Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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Orientalist Interior, ca. 1851–1852, oil on wood, 49 x 39 cm
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Tepidarium, 1853, oil on canvas, Musée d'Orsay
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Portrait of Mme Borg de Balsan, 1847, pencil on paper, Philadelphia Museum of Art
-
Portrait d'Alphonse de Lamartine, 1844, pencil on paper
-
The Child and the Doll, portrait of Laure Stéphanie Pierrugues, 1836, oil on canvas, 79,5 x 57 cm
See also
Notes
- ^ Jean-Baptiste Nouvion, Chassériau Correspondance oubliée, preface by Marianne de Tolentino, Paris, Les Amis de Théodore Chassériau, 2014
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, p. 163.
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, pp. 58, 163.
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, p. 168.
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, pp. 60, 168.
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, p. 170.
- ^ a b c Rosenthal.
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, p. 53.
- ^ Prat 1989, p. 5.
- ^ Fisher 1979, p. 13.
- ^ Rosenblum 1989, p. 32.
- ^ a b c Ribner, Jonathan P. (1994). "Chassériau’s Juvenilia: Some Early Works by an 'Enfant du Siècle'". Zeitschrift Für Kunstgeschichte, 57(2), 219–238.
- ^ Guégan et al. 2002, p. 287.
References
- Fisher, Jay M. (1979). Théodore Chassériau: Illustrations for Othello. Baltimore: The Baltimore Museum of Art. ISBN 0-912298-50-2.
- Guégan, Stéphane; ISBN 1-58839-067-5.
- Miller, Peter Benson (2004). "By the Sword and the Plow: Théodore Chassériau's Cour des Comptes Murals and Algeria," The Art Bulletin vol. 86, no. 4 (Dec. 2004), pp. 690–718.
- Prat, Louis-Antoine. n.d. Theodore Chassériau, 1819-1856: dessins conserves en dehors du Louvre. Paris: Galerie de Bayser [1989?]. OCLC 800724906.
- Rosenblum, Robert (1989). Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang. ISBN 1-55670-099-7.
- Rosenthal, Donald A. "Chassériau, Théodore". Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web.
Further reading
- Bénédite, Léonce (1931). Théodore Chassériau: sa vie et son œuvre, Paris: Les Éditions Braun. OCLC 929584128.
- Bouvenne, Aglaus (1884). Théodore Chassériau: Souvenirs et Indiscrétions, A. Detaille, Paris.
- Bouvenne, Aglaus. Théodore Chassériau : Souvenirs et Indiscrétions (1884), new edition by Les Amis de Théodore Chassériau, 2012 (French language), 2013 (Spanish language).
- Chevillard, Valbert (1893). Un peintre romantique: Théodore Chassériau, Paris.
- Chevillard, Valbert (1898). "Théodore Chassériau" in Revue de l'art ancien et moderne, no. 3, March 10, 1898.
- La Chronique des arts et de la curiosité, no. 9, February 27, 1897.
- Focillon, Henri (1927). "La peinture au XIXe: Le retour à l'antique" in Le Romanticisme, Paris.
- Gautier, Théophile. "L'Atelier de feu Théodore Chassériau" in L'Artiste, no. 14, March 15, 1857.
- Goodrich, Lloyd (1928). "Théodore Chassériau", The Arts 14.
- d'Hérouville, Xavier (2016). L'Idéal moderne selon Charles Baudelaire & Théodore Chassériau, L'Harmattan, Paris.
- Jingaoka, Megumi; Pomarède, Vincent; Nouvion, Jean-Baptiste; Guégan, Stéphane; Okasaka, Sakurako; Nakatsumi, Yuko (2017). Théodore Chassériau : Parfum exotique, [exhibition catalogue], The National Museum of Western Art (Japan).
- Laran, Jean (1913, 1921). Théodore Chassériau, Paris.
- Montesquiou, Robert de (1898). Alice et Aline, une peinture de Théodore Chassériau, Ed. Charpentier et Fasquelle, Paris.
- Nouvion, André-Pierre (2007). Trois familles en Périgord-Limousin dans la tourmente de la Révolution et de L'Empire : Nouvion, Besse-Soutet-Dupuy et Chassériau, Paris.
- Nouvion, Jean-Baptiste; Marianne de Tolentino (2014). Chassériau Correspondance oubliée. Les Amis de Théodore Chassériau edition, Paris.
- ISBN 207011564X.
- Prat, Louis-Antoine (1988). Dessins de Théodore Chassériau: 1819–1856. Paris: Ministère de la culture et de la communication, Editions de la Réunion des musées nationaux. ISBN 2711821382.
- Renan, Ary (1897). Les Peintres orientalistes, Galerie Durand-Ruel.
- ISBN 2700400038.
- Teupser, Werner. Theodore Chasseriau, Zeitschrift für Kunst.
- Vaillat, Léandre (August 1913). "L'Œuvre de Théodore Chassériau", Les Arts.
- Vaillat, Léandre (1907). "Chassériau", L'Art et les Artistes.
External links
Media related to Théodore Chassériau at Wikimedia Commons Media related to Paintings by Théodore Chassériau at Wikimedia Commons
- Website of the 'Amis de Théodore Chassériau' (France)
- Website of the Institut de France (Académie des Beaux-Arts) - Prix de Gravure Chassériau - Last prize was given in 2011 to Dominique Vaillier.
- Famille Chasseriau, Généalogie d'Haiti et de Saint-Domingue
- Théodore Chassériau at Find a Grave