Thái people (Vietnam)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Thai people in Vietnam
)
Not to be confused with Thai people, the dominant ethnic group of Thailand.

Thái, Thai or Tai people (

Tai ethnic groups that speak various Tai languages and use the Tai Viet script. They mostly live in the Northwest Region of Vietnam and are culturally and linguistically distinguished from other Tai peoples of Vietnam such as the Nùng and Tày people, who are natives in the Northeast Region. In Vietnam, the Thái nomenclature is composed of several Tai groups, of which the main groups are the Black Thai (Tai Dam, Thái Đen), White Thai (Tai Don, Thái Trắng) and the Red Thai (Tai Daeng, Thái Đỏ). The Tai Lue people are officially classified as a separated group, called Lự. They mostly speak languages in the Chiang Saen branch of the Southwestern Tai languages. Thái people in Vietnam all originate from Yunnan
. However, they (Thái minorities in Vietnam) are also different from the Thai people of Thailand although they are both related and speak Tai-Kadai languages.

History

See also: Kra–Dai-speaking peoples and Dai people

The Tai peoples migrated south gradually from

Dai Viet
's territory in the 15th century.

Like in other Tai societies, the core social units of the Thái in Vietnam were the

Siam
and the dynasties of Vietnam.

In 1841, the Nguyễn dynasty established the town of Điện Biên Phủ in the Muang Then Valley as an administrative office (Phủ). This was done for more direct control of the region and to stop bandits who were involved in opium trade.[2]

In 1888, Sip Song Chau Tai was incorporated into the French protectorate of Tonkin and became part of French Indochina. This was arranged by the French explorer and colonial representative Auguste Pavie who signed a treaty with Đèo Văn Trị, the White Thai lord of Muang Lay (Lai Châu) on 7 April 1889.[3]

The White Thai fought alongside the French in the

Tai Federation (French: Fédération Thaï, Tai: Phen Din Tai, Vietnamese: Khu tự trị Thái) to be an autonomous region. The Federation was disbanded after the Battle of Dien Bien Phu and the Thái lord Đèo Văn Long
went into exile in France.

Distribution

The Tai Dam and the Tai Don mostly live in the provinces of the Northwestern Plateau:

Hoà Bình. The Tai Daeng are found in western part of Nghệ An and Thanh Hóa province
where they are a major ethnic group.

According to the 1999 General Survey, there were 1,328,725 Thái people in Vietnam. [5] In Sơn La, they form a majority in the province (54.8%). They are the largest ethnic group in Điện Biên (38%) and Lai Châu (32.3%).

Other groups include the

Hà Tĩnh and Nghệ An (population: 200,000),[6] the Tay Thanh (Tay Nhai), the Thai Yo and the Tày Đà Bắc in Hòa Bình
province.

References

  1. ^ Mai Lý Quảng, Glimpses of Vietnam, Nhà xuất bản Thế giới, Hà Nội 2004, tr. 89
  2. ISBN 1-884964-04-4
    .
  3. ISBN 0-7007-1180-5
    .
  4. ^ Virginia Thompson; Richard Adloff (1955). Minority Problems in Southeast Asia. Stanford University Press. p. 213.
  5. ^ http://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=407&idmid=4&ItemID=1346 Kết quả Tổng điều tra dân số năm 1999
  6. ^ Phu Thai. In: Ethnologue. Languages of the World. 17. Auflage, 2014 (Online-Version).



Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thái_people_(Vietnam)&oldid=1188750873"