Thalassery
Thalassery
Tellicherry | |
---|---|
City | |
TLY | |
Thalassery | |
Website | Thalasserymunicipality |
Thalassery (Malayalam: Thalassery Heritage City has an area of 23.98 square kilometres (9.26 sq mi). Thalassery has an altitude ranging from 2.5 to 30 metres (8 ft 2 in to 98 ft 5 in) above mean sea-level.
Tellicherry municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in City act 1850)
Etymology
The name Thalassery likely originated from a combination of the Dravidian words Thala (Head) and cheri (low lying settlement), meaning 'starting place of a settlement' or 'head of a settlement'. It could also have emerged from Talakkathe cheri, a combination of Talakkathe (upper or north) and Cheri (settlement).
The second volume of the 1885 administration manual of the former Madras Presidency cites, which includes information on the research of regional legends and folklore, indicates that the name Thalassery in ancient Sanskrit literature was Shwetaranyapura.[6]
Modern history
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2023) |
Thalassery was a trade hub where
The British established a trading post and built a factory at Tellicherry in 1694, having gained permission from Vadakkalankur, the
In 1761, the British captured
After the annexation of Malabar, the British called upon Thalassery, the royal families and other major Nair and Namboothiri feudal lords to return, but this was heavily opposed by some local rulers. Along with heavy taxation and laws that curbed free movement, the appeal resulted in multiple uprisings against the British with heavy casualties to British forces. Thousands of soldiers were killed, but the resistance was eventually defeated.
Geography
Thalassery lies on the west coast of the
Unlike southern Kerala, the region of Thalassery does not have lagoons, although many rivers flow through the region. Thalassery however has a large area of mangroves, which is now being protected. The coast has no delta formation. The coastal plain is only a few kilometres in width and is bordered by highlands. The north of Thalassery is Dharmadam, an island area surrounded by two rivers and the sea. On the eastern side, hilly areas start from Kuthuparamba.[13][14]
Demographics
As of the 2001 India census, with a present population of around 300,000.
Hindus make up 61.37% of the population, followed by Muslims (34.30%), and Christians (3.64%).[16]
Culture
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2023) |
Thalassery is nicknamed the city of three Cs -- Cake, Cricket and Circus. The first bakery in Kerala was established in the city and cricket was first played in India here. The British had considerable impact on local culture. As an ancient trade center, the trading and business relations that existed with the Europeans and the Arabs brought people and ideas from many other lands. The European
The Government of Kerala has included Thalassery in its heritage city project. The project includes the preservation of historical structures.[17][18][19][20] Thalassery cuisine (a blend of Arabian, Persian, Indian and European styles of cooking) is popular around the world. Thalassery biryani is popular as an ethnic brand, and Tellicherry pepper is also used in Europe.
Painting and sculpture exhibitions are frequently held at the Kerala Lalithakala Akademi art gallery located in Keezhantimukk, Thiruvangad.
Theyyam
Literature and journalism
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2023) |
The first Malayalam short story
William Logan was said to be fluent in Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu. He is remembered for his 1887 guide to the Malabar District, popularly known as the Malabar Manual.
Rajyasamacharam and Paschimodayam (the first two Malayalam newspapers) were published from Illikunnu, Nettoor in Tellicherry in 1847 by Hermann Gundert, who was the editor of the journal and was a religious propagator from the Basel Evangelical Mission Society(BEMP).[23] Rajyasamacharam started publishing from Illikkunnu in Thalassery City.
Circus
Vishnu Pant Chhatre's Great Indian Circus, established in 1880 in Bombay, was the first circus establishment in India. A tour of Thalassery led to the meeting of Chhatre with Keeleri Kunhikannan, a martial arts trainer.[24] Keeleri Kunjikannan established the first dedicated circus school in India in 1901. He is known as "the father of Kerala Circus". A circus academy was inaugurated in Thalassery in 2010.[25]
Cuisine
Thalassery is known for its
The spice trade from the Malabar coast which began around 1500 BC is still active.[30]
Cricket
In 1800, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington made Thalassery (then Tellicherry) his base. Wellesley and his colleagues played cricket in the town maidan, often watched by bystanders, who would help the English officers whenever they were short of players. They played were from the dhobi community and the fishermen who lived along the beach. In 1830, the Tellicherry Cricket Club (TCC) was formed. By the 1930s Thalassery had become a major cricket centre. Many teams used to visit the town for matches. The earliest record of a cricket match in Thalassery is a report in Malayala Manorama in 1890. It's about a match between Thalassery and the neighbouring town of Kannur.[31]
Education
The educational renaissance of Malabar started from Thalassery due to the influence of European missionaries.
Other educational institutions include
Transport
The nearest airport is
Kanyakumari-Mumbai
Tourism
The Thalassery carnival, the beach fest in Muzhappilangad beach and Dharmadam beach are notable attractions.[42] The area's four rivers (Anjarakkandi, Dharmadam, Koduvally and Mahe) around Thalassery town and other beaches in the area also attract visitors. Muzhappilangad beach is a 5.5 km long beach where it is possible to drive vehicles. This beach was listed as one of the top 10 drive-in beaches in the world by BBC survey.http://www.bbc.com/autos/story/20160617-the-worlds-best-beaches-for-driving
It is an important center of Kalari payattu and health tourism.[43] Other visitors come to experience Theyyam and explore the area's history, such as Tellicherry Fort.
Thalassery Pier (Kadalpaalam), Overbury's Folly, Pazhassi Dam and Reservoir garden[44] and Malayala Kala Gramam, New Mahe,(7 km from Thalassery)[45][46] are other attractions. A shipwreck is visible near the Thalassery shore.[47]
Political violence
The area is an epicenter of political violence between the RSS and Communists.
Notable residents
- Veera Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja
- Hermann Gundert
- William Logan
- Janaki Ammal[49]
- Ayisha Abdul Basith
- Vainu Bappu
- Ayyathan Gopalan
- Ayyathan Janaki Ammal
- Sanjayan (Prof. Mannikoth Ramunni Nair)
- Oyyarathu Chandu Menon
- M. N. Vijayan
- Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar
- Moorkoth Ramunni
- Moorkoth Kumaran
- Vagbhatananda
- Keeleri Kunhikannan
- Anadhatheerthan
- K. Raghavan
- Pinarayi Vijayan
- V. Muraleedharan
- Kodiyeri Balakrishnan
- N. Prabhakaran
- V. P. Sathyan
- C. K. Vineeth
- Sreenivasan
- Eranholi Moosa
- Shaan Rahman
- Deepak Dev
- Vineeth Sreenivasan
- Dhyan Sreenivasan
- Sushin Shyam
- Rayshad Rauf[50]
- Chundangapoyil Rizwan
Climate
Thalassery experiences a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification. The wet season starts in June as the southwest monsoon first hits the coastal Kerala and continues until the end of September. A brief pre-monsoon mango showers interval occurs sometime during April. Precipitation from the northeast monsoon sets in during the second half of October through November.
Climate data for Thalassery | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.2 (90.0) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29 (84) |
29.2 (84.6) |
30.2 (86.4) |
31 (88) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.5 (88.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.5 (77.9) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26 (79) |
24.4 (75.9) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
24.3 (75.8) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 3 (0.1) |
3 (0.1) |
11 (0.4) |
70 (2.8) |
285 (11.2) |
900 (35.4) |
1,078 (42.4) |
544 (21.4) |
267 (10.5) |
227 (8.9) |
103 (4.1) |
21 (0.8) |
3,512 (138.1) |
Source 1: WWO[51] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Climate-Data.org[52] |
See also
References
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- ^ "Govt approves change in names of 25 towns". The Times of India. 12 February 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
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- ^ "ചരിത്രം | Thalassery Municipality". Thalasserymunicipality.in. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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- ^ a b c d "History of Mahe". Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
- ^ "Terre Exotique – Épicerie fine en ligne". Terreexotique.fr. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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- ^ Neglect ruins Muzhappilangad beach. The Times of India. (12 November 2012).
- ^ "Malabar Coast – India Environment Portal | News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development | India, South Asia". India Environment Portal. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
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{{cite web}}
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- ^ "Thalassery serves a slice of its history". The Hindu. 23 January 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
- ^ "The Science of "Theyyam"". theyyamcalendar. 2010. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2013.
- ^ "History of Theyyam". Kerala Tourism. 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2013.
- ^ "Gundert was foster father of Malayalam, says MGS". The Hindu. 3 February 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
- ^ Menon 2007, p. 436.
- ^ "Circus is trying to regain its lost sheen in Thalassery". The Economic Times. 17 August 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
- ^ "My Singapore Kitchen........: Thalassery Biriyani". Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
- ^ "Pandit to add might to Thalassery biryani". The New Indian Express. 11 December 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2018.[dead link]
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- ^ "Thalassery to Kochi via food". The Hindu. 27 November 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
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- ^ Radhakrishnan, M. G. (20 May 2002). "A coastal town in Kerala celebrates the bicentenary of its cricket tradition". India Today. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
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- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 August 2008. Retrieved 15 July 2008.
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: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Team Thalassery. "THALASSERY – Education – BEMP Higher Secondary school". Thalassery.info. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Thalassery-Mysore Rail Link: Survey Via Long Route Raises Eye Brows. "The New Indian Express". (16 December 2013).
- ^ Thalassery-Mysore rail link: Railways to conduct resurvey. The Times of India. (4 September 2012).
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- ^ "Only Centre can end Kannur violence: High Court". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 12 March 2008. Archived from the original on 15 March 2008.
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Further reading
- Menon, A Sreedhara (1 January 2007). A Survey of Kerala History. DC Books. ISBN 978-81-264-1578-6.
- Renjith, Moorkoth, ed. (2000). Thalassery Millennium Manual.
- Skaria Zacharia (ed.). Thalassery Rekhakal. Kottaym: DC Books.
- Thalassery Arivukal K. M. Govi. Thalassery: Sanjayan Samskarika Vedi, 2011
External links
- Thalassery – Land of 3Cs Town: Thalassery
- The Map of Thalassery Town: Google Maps