Thallium(I) chloride
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Names | |||
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IUPAC names
Thallium monochloride
Thallium(I) chloride | |||
Other names
Thallous chloride
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider | |||
DrugBank | |||
ECHA InfoCard
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100.029.311 | ||
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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UNII | |||
UN number | 2811 1707 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
TlCl | |||
Molar mass | 239.836 g/mol[1] | ||
Appearance | white, odorless crystalline solid[1] | ||
Density | 7.0 g/cm3[1] | ||
Melting point | 431 °C (808 °F; 704 K)[1] | ||
Boiling point | 720 °C (1,328 °F; 993 K)[1] | ||
3.3 g/L (25 °C)[1] | |||
Solubility | insoluble in alcohol[1] | ||
−57.8·10−6 cm3/mol[2] | |||
Refractive index (nD)
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2.247 (0.59 µm) 2.198 (0.75 µm) 2.145 (1 µm) 1.891 (5 µm) 2.193 (20 µm)[3] | ||
Structure | |||
CsCl, cP2 | |||
Pm3m, No. 221[4] | |||
a = 0.38416 nm
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Lattice volume (V)
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0.0567 nm3 | ||
Formula units (Z)
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1 | ||
Cubic (Tl+) Cubic (Cl−) | |||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
Danger | |||
H300, H330, H373, H411 | |||
P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose)
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24 mg/kg, oral, mouse | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | http://www.crystran.co.uk/uploads/files/178.pdf | ||
Related compounds | |||
Other anions
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Thallium(I) fluoride Thallium(I) bromide Thallium(I) iodide | ||
Other cations
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Silver(I) chloride
Lead(II) chloride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Thallium(I) chloride, also known as thallous chloride, is a chemical compound with the formula TlCl. This colourless salt is an intermediate in the isolation of thallium from its ores. Typically, an acidic solution of thallium(I) sulfate is treated with hydrochloric acid to precipitate insoluble thallium(I) chloride. This solid crystallizes in the caesium chloride motif.[5]
The low solubility of TlCl is exploited in chemical synthesis: treatment of metal chloride
The crystalline structure is of cubic caesium chloride type at room temperature, but it lowers to the
A very rare mineral lafossaite, Tl(Cl,Br), is a natural form of thallium(I) chloride.[8]
Thallium(I) chloride, like all thallium compounds, is highly toxic, although its low solubility limits its toxicity.[9]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Haynes, p. 4.94
- ^ Haynes, p. 4.135
- ^ Haynes, p. 10.242
- .
- ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
- .
- .
- ^ Lafossaite. Mindat.org
- ^ Thallium Chloride Material Safety Data Sheet. espimetals.com
Cited sources
- Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.