Thane district
This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2015) |
Thane district | |
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PIN CODE | 400601 |
Vehicle registration | MH-04, MH-05, MH-43 |
Website | thane |
Thane district (Pronunciation:
The district is situated between 18°42' and 20°20' north latitudes and 72°45' and 73°48' east longitudes. The revised area of the district is 4,214 km2. The district is bounded by
Officer
Members of Parliament
- Thane)
- Kalyan)
- Bhiwandi)
Guardian Minister
Guardian Minister Thane | |
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पालकमंत्री ठाणे | |
Chief Minister of Maharashtra | |
Term length | 5 years / No time limit |
Website | thane |
list of Guardian Minister
Name | Term of office |
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Varsha Gaikwad | 11 November 2010 - 26 September 2014 |
Eknath Shinde | 05 December 2014 - 08 November 2019 |
Eknath Shinde | 09 January 2020 - 27 June 2022 |
Subhash Desai Additional Charge | 27 June 2022 - 29 June 2022 |
Shambhuraj Desai | 24 September 2022- Incumbent |
District Magistrate/Collector
District Magistrate / Collector Thane | |
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जिल्हाधिकारी तथा जिल्हदंडाधिकरी ठाणे | |
Incumbent Mr. Ashok Shingare (IAS) since july 2022 | |
Residence | At Thane district |
Appointer | Government of Maharashtra |
Term length | No time limit |
Website | thane |
list of District Magistrate / Collector
Name | Term of office |
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Mr. Ashok Shingare (IAS) | july 2022 - Incumbent |
History
In 1817, the territory now comprising Thane district was taken over by the British from the
Back in 1866, the administrative sub-divisions of Thane were reorganised and renamed: Sanjan as
After Independence, in 1949, the
Geography
The district is the northernmost part of the Konkan lowlands of Maharashtra. It comprises the wide amphitheatre like Ulhas basin on the south and hilly Vaitarna valley on the north together with plateaus and the slopes of Sahyadri. From the steep slopes of the Sahyadri in the east, the land falls through a succession of plateaus in the north and centre of the district to the Ulhas valley in the south. These lowlands are separated from the coast by a fairly well-defined narrow ridge of hills that runs north–south to the east of the Thane creek, parallel to the sea, keeping a distance of about 6 to 10 km from the shores. Isolated hills and spurs dot the district area.[7]
Rivers and hot springs
The two main
Many small creeks are found all along the western coast, in which tidal waters flood upstream and fill up much low ground. In many cases human interference has helped in converting them into mud flats. The bigger creeks are Bhiwandi, Chinchani, and Dahanu Creeks. The Thane Creek is not a creek in the true sense, but a depression engulfed by the sea.
The northern part of the Salsette Island is part of Thane District, which is separated from the mainland by the Ulhas estuary and the Thane Creek but is connected through reclaimed land with the island city of Mumbai. Arnala Island is located in Vasai taluka, at the entrance to the Vaitarna estuary.
The district has no natural lakes. Artificial lakes have been constructed mainly to supply drinking water to Mumbai. The Tansa Lake formed across the Tansa River in the hills north of Bhiwandi behind the dam completed in 1892 CE. The Modak Sagar (Lower Vaitarna) Lake on the river Vaitarna formed behind a dam completed in 1957 CE. In the upper reaches of the same river, the Upper Vaitarana Lake formed behind another dam built in 1972 CE. The Bhatsa Lake has been formed in the upper Bhatsa, north of Shahapur behind a dam built in 1981 CE.[8] Tourism Nature lovers proudly call Thane as a “Lake City” or "city of lakes".
They are near Akloli, Ganeshpuri and Vajreshwari villages. There are some more examples: Kokner (Maswan tal-Palghar) and Sativali (Saphale tal:-Palghar). The water temperatures are in the range of 42°-55 °C.[7]
Climate
The district has four seasons. Winter is from December to February, followed by summer from March to June. The southwest monsoon season is from June to September. October and November months constitute the post-monsoon season, which is hot and humid in the coastal areas.
In the coastal area, the average daily maximum temperature in summer is 32.9 °C (maximum recorded at Dahanu is 40.6 °C on 19 April 1955) and in winter average mean daily minimum temperature is 16.8 °C (minimum recorded at Dahanu is 8.3 °C on 8 January 1945). But in the interior parts of the district, the average daily minimum temperature is slightly lower in the winter season and the average daily maximum temperature is higher in the summer.
The average annual rainfall in the district is 2293.4 mm. The rainfall in the district increases from the coastal areas to the interior. The rainfall varies from 1730.5 mm at Mahim on the coast to 2588.7 mm at Shahapur in the interior. The rainfall during the southwest monsoon season, June to September, constitutes about 94% of the annual rainfall. July is the wettest month with a rainfall of about 40% of the annual total. The variation in the annual rainfall from year to year in the district is not large. The highest rainfall recorded in 24 hours at any station in the district was 481.1 mm at Dahanu on 1 September 1958 CE.[9]
Divisions
Thane district comprises 7
List of Talukas
Taluka | Population Census 2001 |
Population Census 2011 |
---|---|---|
Thane taluka | 2,486,941 | 3,787,036 |
Kalyan taluka | 1,276,614 | 1,565,417 |
Murbad taluka | 170,267 | 190,652 |
Bhiwandi taluka | 945,582 | 1,141,386 |
Shahapur taluka | 273,304 | 314,103 |
Ulhasnagar taluka | 473,731 | 506,098 |
Ambarnath taluka | 366,501 | 565,340 |
Totals | 5,992,940 | 8,070,032 |
Talukas and Sub-Divisions
- Thane Sub-Division: Thane taluka,
- Kalyan Sub-Division: Kalyan taluka, Murbad taluka
- Ulhasnagar Sub-Division: Ulhasnagar taluka, Ambarnath taluka
- Bhiwandi Sub-Division: Bhiwandi taluka, Shahapur taluka
Municipal Civic Bodies
Municipal Corporations:
- Thane Municipal Corporation
- Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation
- Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation
- Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation
- Ulhasnagar Municipal Corporation
- Bhiwandi-Nizampur Municipal Corporation
Municipal Councils:
- Ambernath
- Kulgaon-Badlapur
Nagar Panchayats:
Proposed Municipal Corporations:
- Ambernath-Badlapur
Proposed Municipal Councils:
- Shahapur-Asangaon (merging the Census Towns of Shahapur, Goteghar and Asangaon)
- Murbad (merging Murbad Census Town and villages of Malinagar, Ghutyachiwadi, Deogaon, Deope, Shastrinagar)
Proposed Nagar Panchayats:
- Vangani
- Khadavli
- Vasind
- Kasara
- Khardi
- Vajreshwari (merging Vajreshwari and Ganeshpuri)
- Padgha (merging Padgha and Borivali Tarf Rahur)
- Kharbav
- Mahapoli
Loksabha and Assembly Consistuencies
There are 18
- Bhiwandi Rural (ST), Shahapur (ST), Bhiwandi West, Bhiwandi East, Kalyan West and Murbad constituencies are part of Bhiwandi Lok Sabha constituency.
- Ambarnath (SC), Ulhasnagar, Kalyan East, Dombivali, Kalyan Rural and Mumbra-Kalwa constituencies are part of Kalyan Lok Sabha constituency.
- Thane Lok Sabha constituency.[11]
For a number of years up until 2013, it was proposed that the Thane district be divided and a separate Jawhar District carved out of the existing Thane district with the inclusion of the northern tribal talukas of Thane district which include
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1901 | 665,326 | — |
1911 | 721,323 | +0.81% |
1921 | 713,228 | −0.11% |
1931 | 787,664 | +1.00% |
1941 | 882,321 | +1.14% |
1951 | 1,282,572 | +3.81% |
1961 | 1,652,678 | +2.57% |
1971 | 2,281,664 | +3.28% |
1981 | 3,351,562 | +3.92% |
1991 | 5,249,126 | +4.59% |
2001 | 8,131,849 | +4.47% |
2011 | 11,060,148 | +3.12% |
source:[14] |
According to the
Language
At the time of the
It had a population of 8,131,849 of which 72.58% were urban as of 2001.[19] Total literacy rate of the district is 80.67% (male 87.06% and female 73.10%). The population of Thane district in 2011 had risen to 11,054,131; this is close to 10 percent ( 9.84 ) of Maharashtra's estimated population of 112.4 million and 1% of India's total population.[20] It was the most populated district in the country, somewhat ahead of North 24 Parganas district in West Bengal which had 10,082,852 people.[21] The density of population was estimated at 1,157 people per square kilometre. The sex ratio i.e. number of females per 1000 male was 880 which is less than the states average of 925 and the national average of 940.[22] The creation of the new Palghar district from the northern and western talukas has now reduced the population of Thane District to some 8,070,032 inhabitants as at the 2011 Census.
The southern talukas are mainly urban areas. Marathi is the dominant language in rural areas such as Shahapur and Murbad, while urban areas are a mixture of languages from all over India with Marathi and Hindi the main ones.
Economy
According to the 2001 Census, the total working population in the district was 11,961,704 persons, which is 47.37% of the total population of the district. Out of total working force, 51.75% were engaged in agriculture and allied activities, 6.19% in manufacturing, service and cottage industries and remaining 30.69% in other activities. Out of total working force, the female working force was 22.89% in the district.[23]
Agriculture
The important kharif crops of the district are rice, vari and nachani (finger millet). The pulses like Urad, moong and kulith are also grown in this season. Rice is the main crop of the district. Rice is grown in all the talukas of the district but mainly in Palghar, Bhiwandi, Murbad, Shahapur, Vada, Vikramgad and Dahanu. Vari and nachani are grown in the hilly areas of the eastern part of the district, namely Jawhar, Murbad, Vikramgad, Shahapur and Mokhada talukas. Wal, chavali and gram are the main rabi crops grown in this district. Dahanu taluka is famous for fruits. Chikoos (sapotas) are grown on a large scale at Gholwad. Chikoo orchards are also found in Palghar and Talasari talukas. Chikoos grown in these areas are sent all over India. Other fruits grown in the district are guavas, mangoes, papayas, grapefruits and coconuts. Vasai and Palghar talukas are famous for different varieties of bananas such as rajeli, tambeli, mutheli and velchi. Seasonal fruits grown in the district such as bor, wild berries and litchis have great demands in the markets of Mumbai. Vegetables are also grown in the district. Among the vegetables, eggplants are grown on a large scale. There are rose gardens at Dahanu.[24]
Industries
Thane is the third most industrialised district in the State. There are 1548 large and medium scale and 18,480 small scale industries in the district. The main products of these industries are Drugs, Textiles, Adhesives, Plastics, Rubber, Steel, Pharmaceuticals, Engineering, Fertilizers, Electronics, Chemicals and Iron & Steel. The Wagle Industrial. Estate, Thane-Belapur-Kalyan,Ambedkar industrial belt is the centre of highly sophisticated modern industries. In Ulhasnagar, Ambarnath, Bhiwandi, Badlapur, Tarapur, Palghar, Vasai and Murbad there are nearly 4000 industries which contribute towards the industrialisation of the district. Manufacture of machinery, machine tools and parts except electrical machinery together with the iron and steel industry and metal products are the most important and the biggest group of industries in the district and includes manufacture of Prime movers, Boilers, Refrigerators, Machine Tools, Computing and Accounting machinery, Industrial machinery for food and textile industries, machinery for chemicals, paper and cement industries. Manufacture of basic industrial chemicals including fertilizers, vegetable and animal oils and fats, paints, varnishes and lacquers and other miscellaneous chemical products is another important industry in the district. These industries are mainly concentrated in the Trans-Thane Creek and Belapur Road industrial area. The medium and large industries manufacturing chemicals and chemical products are Pfizer, Lubrizol India Ltd., Polyolefins Industries Ltd., NOCIL, Herdillia Chemicals Ltd., BASF (India) Ltd., Star Chemicals, INDOFIL INDUSTRIES LIMITED, and Phoenix Chemical Works. The chemical industries are also found in other parts of the district like
Transport
Thane district is well connected to other major cities and town of the country by roadways and railways.
etc. Railway stations like Thane, Kalyan in the district provides connectivity to the major cities of country. TheThe total railway track length in the district is 345.73 km. spread in western and central part of the district. The Western Railway network passes through
One of the oldest and important railway project of Ahmednagar railway station was kalyan-Ahmednagar railway project which was in planning stage since British regime. It was referred as 3rd ghat project. The survey of this project was carried out in 1973,2000, 2006, 2014 etc. This project was in pink book in 2010. unfortunately this project could not be started. The alignment length of thus project was 184 km and it could have been shortest route for marathwada, andhra and Telangana. The major challenge for this project was malshej ghat section.[26] Malshej Kriti samiti is following for kalyan ahmednagar railway project. Kalyan-murbad section which is first phase of this project is already under survey stage.[27]
At present, this district has no airport. But plans are underway and proposals have been received to revive a disused airstrip for commercial operations near
Sports
A significant stadium in this district,
Villages
References
- ^ a b c d e f g "District Census Hand Book – Thane" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ "India s most populous district Thane to be split Palghar set to be Maharashtra s 36th district". mid-day. 13 June 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
- ^ "Maharashtra gets its 36th district - Palghar; carved out of India's most populous Thane district". dna. 1 August 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
- ISBN 978-2-7351-1094-0
- ^ Hunter, Sir William Wilson (1881). The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Trübner & Company. p. 53.
Jawhar State Koli.
- ^ "Thane district e-gazetteer - geography, administrative evolution". Maharashtra.gov.in. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- ^ a b "Thane district e-gazetteer - geography". Maharashtra.gov.in. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- ^ The Times of India, Mumbai edition, 25 May 2007
- ^ "Thane district e-gazetteer-climate". Maharashtra.gov.in. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- ^ "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in.
- ^ "District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies". Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website. Archived from the original on 18 March 2010.
- ^ State), Bombay (India (1882). Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency. Government Central Press.
- ^ "Thane district will finally be split into 2 parts from August 15 - Times of India". The Times of India. 14 June 2014.
- ^ "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in.
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
Cuba 11,087,330 July 2011 est.
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
Ohio 11,536,504
- ^ "Population by Religion - Maharashtra". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Maharashtra". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ "Census GIS India". Archived from the original on 1 May 2012.
- ^ "Thane district". to be split after 2011 census numbers.
- ^ "Population explosion across Thane district worries officials". The Times of India. 1 April 2011. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012.
- ^ "Thane district". population density and regional sex ratio numbers.
- ^ a b c "www.smallindustryindia.com - Thane district".
- ^ "www.indianngos.com - Thane district".
- ^ "Thane Municipal Corporation website – Transport". Archived from the original on 13 November 2008.
- ^ "कल्याण-नगर रेल्वे हा विकासाचा मार्ग". www.maharashtratimes.com (in Marathi). Maharashtra Times. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
- ^ "संजीवनी देणारा माळशेज घाट रेल्वे मार्ग". 2 March 2016.
- ^ Srivastava, Priya. "Kalyan could become Mumbai's second airport base before Navi Mumbai". Times of India Travel. Retrieved 14 August 2018.