The Parnassus

The Parnassus
The Parnassus
Artist	Raphael
Year	1509–1511
Type	Fresco
Dimensions	670 cm (260 in) wide
Location	Apostolic Palace, Vatican City

The Parnassus (Italian: Il Parnaso, referring to Mount Parnassus) is a fresco painting by the Italian High Renaissance artist Raphael in the Raphael Rooms ("Stanze di Raffaello"), in the Palace of the Vatican in Rome, painted at the commission of Pope Julius II.

It was probably the second wall of the

La Disputa and before The School of Athens, which occupy other walls of the room.^[2]

Overview

The whole room shows the four areas of

muse of epic poetry, inspired poets.^[3]^[4]

Raphael used the face of Laocoön from the classical sculpture

Creation of Adam, Euterpe and Sappho, who is named on a scroll she holds.^[6] Sappho is the only female poet shown, presumably identified so that she is not confused with a muse; she is a late addition who does not appear in the print by Marcantonio Raimondi

that records a drawing for the fresco.

The window below the fresco Parnassus frames the view of Mons Vaticanus, believed to be sacred to Apollo. Humanists, such as Biondo, Vegio, and Albertini, refer to the ancient-sun god of the Vatican.^[4]

Gallery

Thalia, Clio, Euterpe and Calliope

Erato, Ludovico Ariosto and Giovanni Boccaccio
Dante Alighieri, Homer and Virgil
Sappho
Terpsichore
Apollo

Notes

Marcia B. Hall
(ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Raphael, Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 195.

^ Jones and Penny, p. 74: "The execution of the School of Athens ... probably followed that of the Parnassus."

ISBN 1-85669-439-9
.

^
ISBN 0-253-33491-8
.

ISBN 0300030614

ISBN 0-520-05087-8
.

References

Roger Jones and
ISBN 0300030614
.

External links

Media related to The Parnassus at Wikimedia Commons

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e
Raphael

List of paintings

Early works

Baronci Altarpiece (1500–1501)

Saint Sebastian (1501–1502)

Resurrection of Christ (1499–1502)

Mond Crucifixion (1502–1503)

Madonna and Child with the Book (c. 1503)

Solly Madonna (c. 1500–1504)

Oddi Altar (1502–1504)

Conestabile Madonna (c. 1502–1504)

Portrait of a Man (c. 1503–1504)

Vision of a Knight (1503–1504)

The Marriage of the Virgin (1504)

Diotallevi Madonna (c. 1504)

Portrait of Perugino
¹ (c. 1504)

Colonna Altarpiece (c. 1503–1505)

Saint George (c. 1503–1505)

Three Graces (c. 1503–1505)

Saint Michael (c. 1504–1505)

Florentine period

Christ Blessing (c. 1502–1504)

Portrait of Pietro Bembo (c. 1504)

Portrait of Elisabetta Gonzaga ² (c. 1504–1505)

Portrait of Emilia Pia da Montefeltro ² (c. 1504–1505)

Small Cowper Madonna (c. 1504–1505)

Terranuova Madonna (c. 1504–1505)

Madonna del Granduca (c. 1505)

Saint George and the Dragon (c. 1505)

Young Man with an Apple (c. 1505)

Self-portrait (1504–1506)

La donna gravida (1505–1506)

Madonna del Cardellino (c. 1505–1506)

Young Woman with Unicorn (c. 1505–1506)

Madonna del Prato (1506)

Madonna with Beardless Saint Joseph (c. 1506)

Portrait of Agnolo Doni (c. 1506)

Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro (c. 1506)

Portrait of Maddalena Doni (c. 1506)

Ansidei Madonna (1505–1507)

Madonna of the Pinks (c. 1506–1507)

Bridgewater Madonna (c. 1507–1508)

The Deposition (1507)

Madonna of the Baldacchino (c. 1506–1508)

La belle jardinière (1507–1508) (completed by Ridolfo Ghirlandaio)

Canigiani Holy Family (c. 1507–1508)

Colonna Madonna (c. 1507–1508)

Portrait of a Young Woman (La Muta) (c. 1507–1508)

Esterhazy Madonna (c. 1508)

Niccolini-Cowper Madonna (1508)

Tempi Madonna (1508)

Saint Catherine of Alexandria (c. 1507–1509)

Roman period

Portrait of Tommaso Inghirami (c. 1509)

Garvagh Madonna (c. 1509–1510)

Portrait of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese (c. 1509–1511)

Portrait of a Cardinal (c. 1510–1511)

Alba Madonna (c. 1511)

Madonna of Loreto (c. 1511)

The Prophet Isaiah (1511–1512)

Madonna of Foligno (c. 1511–1512)

Portrait of Pope Julius II (1511, 1512)

Galatea (c. 1512)

Madonna with the Fish (c. 1512–1514)

Madonna della Seggiola (c. 1513–1514)

Madonna of the Candelabra (c. 1513–1514)

Sistine Madonna (c. 1513–1514)

Madonna dell'Impannata (c. 1513–1514)

Madonna della Tenda (c. 1513–1514)

Portrait of a Young Man (c. 1513–1514)

Sibyls (1514)

Portrait of Bindo Altoviti (c. 1512–1515)

Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione (c. 1514–1515)

Christ Falling on the Way to Calvary (c. 1514–1516)

Creation of the World (1516)

Portrait of Andrea Navagero and Agostino Beazzano (1516)

Portrait of Cardinal Bibbiena (c. 1516)

La velata (c. 1516)

Visitation (c. 1517)

The Ecstasy of Saint Cecilia (c. 1514–1517)

Madonna with the Blue Diadem (c. 1510–1518)

Holy Family of Francis I (1518)

Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan (1518)

Ezekiel's Vision (c. 1518)

Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola (with Giulio Romano) (c. 1518)

Saint Margaret and the Dragon (c. 1518)

La Fornarina (1518–1519)

Small Holy Family (c. 1518–1519) (with Giulio Romano)

Portrait of a Young Woman (c. 1518–1519) (with Giulio Romano)

Transfiguration (1516–1520)

Madonna de Bogota (c. 1517–1520)

Portrait of Pope Leo X with Two Cardinals (c. 1518–1520)

Madonna of the Rose (1518–1520)

Self-Portrait with a Friend (1518–1520)

Raphael Rooms

The Parnassus (1509–1511)

The School of Athens (1509–1511)

Disputation of the Holy Sacrament (1510–1511)

Cardinal and Theological Virtues (1511)

The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple (1511–1512)

The Mass at Bolsena (1512–1514)

The Meeting of Leo the Great and Attila (1513–1514)

Deliverance of Saint Peter (1514)

The Fire in the Borgo (c. 1514–1517) (executed by Giulio Romano)

Tapestry cartoons

Miraculous Draught of Fishes (1514–1516)

Christ's Charge to Peter (1514–1516)

Healing of the Lame Man (1514–1516)

Death of Ananias (1514–1516)

Conversion of the Proconsul (1514–1516)

Sacrifice at Lystra (1514–1516)

Saint Paul Preaching in Athens (1514–1516)

Drawings

Lucretia (1500s)

Adoration of the Shepherds (c. 1508)

Sculptures

Jonah (1520) (executed by Lorenzetto)

Elijah (c. 1520–1524) (executed by Lorenzetto and Raffaello da Montelupo)

Buildings

Chigi Chapel (1507–1520) (continued by other architects)

Palazzo Jacopo da Brescia (1515–1519)

Palazzo Branconio dell'Aquila (c. 1520)

Sant'Eligio degli Orefici (1509–1575) (completed by Baldassare Peruzzi and Bastiano da Sangallo)

Villa Madama (1518–1525) (completed by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger and other disciples)

Villa Farnesina (decoration)

Related

Giovanni Santi (father)

Imperia Cognati (mistress and model)

Margarita Luti (mistress and model)

Giulio Romano (disciple and collaborator)

Raphael and La Fornarina (1813 painting)

Raphael (1894 opera)

La Fornarina (1944 film)

Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module

SS Raffaello

Raphael (crater)

Vatican loggias

¹ Also attributed to Lorenzo di Credi

² Attributed

Authority control databases: National

France

BnF data

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Parnassus&oldid=1157917640"

[1] Marcia B. Hall
(ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Raphael, Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 195.

[2] Jones and Penny, p. 74: "The execution of the School of Athens ... probably followed that of the Parnassus."

[Paoletti-3] ISBN 1-85669-439-9
.

[Stinger-4] 
ISBN 0-253-33491-8
.

[5] ISBN 0300030614

[6] ISBN 0-520-05087-8
.

[2]

[3]

[4]

[6]

Overview

Gallery

See also

Notes

References

External links