The People United Will Never Be Defeated!

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The People United Will Never Be Defeated! (1975) is a piano composition by

Grammy
nomination.

Analysis

The song on which the variations is based is one of many that emerged from the

Solidarity Song
".

In general, the variations are short, and build up to climaxes of considerable force. The 36 variations, following the 36 bars of the tune, are in six groups of six. The pianist, in addition to needing a virtuoso technique, is required to whistle, slam the piano lid, and catch the after-vibrations of a loud attack as harmonics: all of these are "extended" techniques in 20th-century piano writing. Much of the work uses the language of 19th-century romanticism, but mixes this language with

pandiatonic tonality, modal writing, and serial
techniques.

As in the Goldberg Variations by Johann Sebastian Bach, the final variation is a direct restatement of the original theme, intended to be heard with new significance after the long journey through the variations.

Recordings

  • Frederic Rzewski (composer and piano), The People United Will Never Be Defeated!, recorded 1986, published 1990 by Hat Hut Records, Switzerland, hat ART CD 6066.
  • Frederic Rzewski (composer and piano), The People United Will Never Be Defeated!, in Piano Works, 1975–1999, published 2002, Nonesuch Records 79623-2.
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on a Chilean Song.
    Vanguard Classics
    CD, OVC 8056.
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on a Chilean Song. Marc-André Hamelin, Hyperion Records CDA67077 (Gramophone Editor's Choice).
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on a Chilean Song. Stephen Drury, piano. New Albion NA063.[1]
  • Frederic Rzewski Plays Rzewski VAI DVD 4440, Video recording from the 2007 Miami International Piano Festival[2]
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on "¡El pueblo unido jamás será vencido!".
    Wergo WER67302. (fono forum magazine, pick of the month)[3]
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on a Chilean Song. Ralph van Raat, piano. Naxos 8.559360.
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on a Chilean Song. Thomas Schultz, piano. Wooden Fish Recordings (no number).
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated, 36 Variations on a Chilean Song.
    Yuji Takahashi
    , piano. ALM ALCD-19.
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated. Christopher Hinterhuber, piano. paladino music pmr 0037 (2012)[4]
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!. Corey Hamm, piano. Redshift Records TK431 (2014)[5] (2014 Spotify Best Classical Record, and Best Classical Recording of 2014 Western Canada Music Awards)
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!, Four Hands. Ursula Oppens, piano. Çedille Records: CDR 90000 158 (2014)
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!.
    Lee Sangwook, piano. Audioguy Classics ASIN B00JVDADWM
    (2014)
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!. Igor Levit, piano. Sony Music ASIN B0128ZEVDG (2015)
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!. Daan Vandewalle, piano. Etcetera Records: KTC 1589, 8711801015897 (2017)
  • Frederic Rzewski, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!. Michael Noble, piano. 198004840682 [6](2022)

See also

References

  1. ^ More info, Drury, New Albion
  2. ^ More info, Video Artists International 2007
  3. ^ "The People United Will Never Be Defeated", Kai Schumacher, WER 67302, Schott Music
  4. ^ More info, Hinterhuber, paladino music
  5. ^ More info, Hamm, Redshift Records
  6. ^ "American Dissident". American Dissident. Retrieved 2023-01-09.

Further reading

  • Murray, Edward. "Frederic Rzewski",
    Grove Music Online
    , ed. L. Macy
  • Parry, Jonathan. 1984. New uses of tonal harmony in recent music. Sheffield University MPhil. Chapter on Frederic Rzewski's The People United Will Never Be Defeated.
  • Bhagwati, Sandeep. 1992. "Von der Schönheit der Vielfalt in der Einheit: Notizen zu Frederic Rzewskis The People United Will Never Be Defeated—36 Variationen über ein chilenisches Volkslied". Melos: Jahrbuch für zeitgenössische Musik 51:130–171.
  • Sherr, Larry. 1985. "Vereinigung der Vielfalt: The People United Will Never Be Defeated! von Frederic Rzewski". MusikTexte [de]: Zeitschrift für Neue Musik, no. 11:38–48.
  • Southard, Keane. 2009. "The Use of Variation Form in Frederic Rzewski's 'The People United Will Never Be Defeated!'". Baldwin-Wallace College BM Thesis.
  • Wason, Robert. 1988. "Tonality and Atonality in Frederic Rzewski's Variations on 'The People United Will Never Be Defeated' ". Perspectives of New Music 26, no. 1 (Winter): 108–143.
  • Wolff, Christian. Program notes by to Ursula Oppens recording: Vanguard Classics CD OVC 8056.

External links

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