Theatines
Congregation of Clerics Regular | |
Latin: Ordo Clericorum Regularium | |
(1480-1547), the founder of the Theatines | |
Abbreviation | CR |
---|---|
Formation | 14 September 1524 |
Founders | Saint Gaetano Thiene, CR Archbishop Gian Pietro Carafa Roman Catholic Church |
Website | teatinos |
The Theatines, officially named the Congregation of Clerics Regular (
Foundation
The order was founded by
Cajetan consecrated his order to the
The chief object of the order was to recall the clergy to an edifying life and the laity to the practice of virtue. They founded oratories (among them the celebrated Divino Amore) and hospitals, devoted themselves to preaching the Gospel, and reformed lax morals.[3] They were exclusive, aristocratic, and formidably austere.[4] They wore the simple black cassock of the local clergy and maintained a modest lifestyle.
Growth
The prohibition on both owning property and soliciting alms tended to limit applicants from members of the aristocracy, and so they remained relatively few in number. In 1546 they were briefly joined with the Somaschi Fathers, but as the object of the respective orders differed, they separated in 1555.[5] In 1527 their house in Rome was sacked by the army of Charles V, and the Roman community sought refuge in Venice.
They founded many churches, among them the Sant'Andrea della Valle in Rome, a gift of Costanza Piccolomini D'Aragona, Duchess of Amalfi. This church is a masterpiece of Carlo Maderno and contains several paintings by Domenichino. The Theatines still operate the church.
In France, through the efforts of
The Theatines were the first to found papal missions in:
Theatine manuscripts dating from 1530 until the end of the 18th century show there were missions established in a number of other countries. By 1700 the Theatines numbered 1400.
Decline of the Order
By the end of the eighteenth century, decline had set in, exacerbated by political upheavals. General suppression of religious orders affected the Theatines more significantly because the order historically acquired no possessions and so had no institutional infrastructure.
Today
According to the Annuario Pontificio, as of 31 December 2014, the Theatines had 34 houses and numbered 170 members, of whom 139 were priests. The Theatines are present in
Prominent members
The Order has numbered among its members:
- Saint Cajetan
- Saint Andrea Avellino
- Saint Giuseppe Maria Tomasi
- Blessed Giovanni Marinoni
- Blessed Paolo Burali d'Arezzo.
- Lorenzo Scupoli
- Tommaso Del Bene
It has also furnished one pope,
Among noted nineteenth-century Theatines was the
See also
Notes
- ^ "Has buscado History".
- ^ a b c d "Congregation of Clerics Regular (C.R.)".
- ^ a b c Ragonesi, Franciscus. "Theatines." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 21 Dec. 2014
- ^ ISBN 9781134658534
- ^ a b c WdJOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA439&dq=Somaschi+Fathers&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2pQNVYvxK8PIsASq44GgDw&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q= Somaschi%20Fathers&f=false Currier, Charles Warren. "The Theatines", History of religious orders, p.354, Murphy & McCarthy, New York, 1898
Bibliography
- Bartolommeo Ferro, Istoria delle missioni de chierici regolari teatini 2 vols. (Roma 1705).
- Domenico Sangiacomo, Cenno storico sulla fondazione dell'ordine de' cc. rr. Teatini scritto in occasione di celebrarsi nella chiesa di S. Paolo di Napoli il terzo centenario dalla fondazione medesima (Napoli 1824).
- Gaetano Magenis, Vita di s. Gaetano Tiene fondatore de' chierici regolari e patriarca di tutto il regolare chiericato (Napoli 1845).
- Giuseppe Maria Ginelli, Memorie istoriche della vita di S. Gaetano Tiene, fondatore e patriarca de' Cherici (Venezia 1753).
- Herbert Vaughan, The Life of St. Cajetan: Count of Tiene, Founder of the Theatines (London : T. Richardson, 1888).
- Paul A. Kunkel, The Theatines in the History of Catholic Reform Before the Establishment of Lutheranism (Washington DC 1941).
External links
- Theatines U.S. Province
- Theatines Mexican Province (in Spanish)
- Theatines Italian Province (in Italian)
- Media related to Theatines at Wikimedia Commons