Theys Eluay

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Theys Hiyo Eluay
Born
Dortheys Hiyo Eluay

(1937-11-03)3 November 1937
Sereh, Sentani, Dutch East Indies
Died10 November 2001(2001-11-10) (aged 64)
Muara Tami, Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia
Cause of deathAssassinated by the army special forces
Known forLocal legislature member, chairman of Papua Presidium Council
Political partyParkindo
Golkar (1977–1992)

Dortheys Hiyo Eluay (known as Theys Hiyo Eluay; 3 November 1937 – 10 November 2001) was an Indonesian local politician from Irian Jaya (currently

West Papuan independence activist. Known as the former leader of Papua Presidium Council, he was known as the community leader in West Papua region. He was murdered by members of the Indonesian Army special forces command.[1]

Early life and political career

Theys was born in Sereh village in

part of New Guinea
. He went to the Jongensvervolgschool (post-primary education) in Yoka, a boarding school, led by the Dutch missionary Izaak Samuel Kijne. After the JVS he followed a course in meteorology and worked then as a meteorological assistant. He also became an "ondoafi", a traditional leader of a village.

In 1962 Indonesia

Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat or PEPERA (dubbed Act of Free Choice
by its detractors), which unanimously voted for integration with Indonesia. He campaigned in favour for integration with Indonesia.

In 1971 he became a member of the local legislature, Regional People's Representative Council of Irian Jaya Province, from Indonesian Christian Party (Parkindo); in 1977 he moved to Golkar. In 1980 he joined the Papua Customary Deliberative Council (Lembaga Musyawarah Adat Papua) as a representative for the Sentani area, and later for the whole of Papua Province. In 1990 he became its chairman. From 1996 onwards the council became more political, while, with the increased political freedom after the downfall of President Suharto in 1998, the council really began to speak out openly about the political status of Papua and about the right of the Papuans to self-determination.[2]

Activism

In 1999 Theys was elected at the Great Consultation in Sentani (Mubes or Musyawarah Besar) as the chairman of the

Pemuda Pancasila, a pro-Suharto youth organisation, consisting of gangsters.[2] Although the apparent unchecked growth of Satgas Papua and sometimes funding for its activities was a part of counter-insurgency strategy of Indonesian security forces, in order to infiltrate and compromise and “turn” existing separatist groups, in addition to identify other covert independence networks and personalities.[6]

Death

The tomb of Theys Eluay in Jayapura

On 26 September 2001 Theys Eluay approached officially the consultation of leaders (including the army and police chiefs) of Papua Province to ask for the reasons for the killing of Willem Onde, a Papuan community leader, on 14 September in

Heroes Day
was celebrated at the headquarters of Kopassus. The people who were invited had some link with the integration of Irian into Indonesia in 1963. According to people present at the party, the commander of the Kopassus got his microphone and said loudly goodbye to Theys when he left at around 10 o'clock in the night. "Goodbye to the Great Leader of the Papuans. Have a safe journey home!"

On that night he was killed by

Sentani International Airport. This was supposed to become a new "Acre of Heroes", who had died in the struggle of Papuan activists, like Arnold Ap and Thomas Wanggai.[citation needed
]

Though it was from the beginning clear that only a very well organized group could have killed Theys, it took some time to have the investigation on its way.

Megawati to investigate not only the brains behind the murder, but also to look for possibilities of involvement of government departments or sections of the army. In the end four Kopassus soldiers were convicted and sentenced to 3 - 3.5 years in jail.[1] The Commander in Chief of the Indonesian army, General Endriartono Sutarto
, however, publicly said that he disagreed with the sentence, as these soldiers should be considered "heroes" as they had killed in order to maintain the national unity of the Republic. Nobody was charged with the murder of Ari, the driver of Theys, who "disappeared". There are, however, five witnesses who have seen Ari enter the Kopassus headquarters in Hamadi, which, by the way, is at the same location as a logging company owned by the Soeharto family. People, and also his parents, fear that Ari was killed by the Kopassus in Hamadi.

A period of increased repression of all forms of protests against Indonesian rule began. Theys was succeeded as chairman of the PDP by Thom Beanal, his deputy. The PDP, however, never regained the authority and worldwide publicity it had had under the short leadership of Theys Eluay. The PDP, nevertheless still devoted in peaceful movement to solve Papua’s conflict. This culminated in its support for the creation and passing of Special Autonomy Law for Papuans in 2001.[7]

On 10 November 2018, Yanto Eluay, son of Theys Eluay, along with relatives of Eluay, during the 17-year anniversary of the Theys Eluay killing, declared forgiveness for the perpetrators. He also asked Theys’ killing to not be called a “human rights violation” or used for political reasons,[8] following Boy Eluay's visit to Kopassus 63rd birthday in Cijantung, East Jakarta, in 2015, who praised the changes in the special forces conduct and forgiveness for killing his father.[9]

Legacy

The newly-renamed Dortheys Hiyo Eluay International Airport in Sentani.

On 20 October 2020, the Governor of Papua Lukas Enembe, with the approval of the Ministry of Transportation and the Papua Regional People's Representative Council, renamed Sentani International Airport, the largest airport in Papua, into Dortheys Hiyo Eluay International Airport after him.[10] According to his son, Yanto Eluay, this naming was in honour of his efforts of fighting for the rights of the Papuans, and also as one of the participants in the 1969 PEPERA that help to integrate West Irian with Indonesia.[11] The airport was constructed on customary land of the Eluay family that was released to the Dutch by Nero Nihiwe Eluay.[12]

References

  1. ^ a b "Kopassus guilty of Eluay murder", The Age, 22 April 2003, retrieved 3 December 2019
  2. ^ a b Ipenburg, At. "The life and death of Theys Eluay". Inside Indonesia (70:April–June 2002 ed.). Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  3. ISBN 978-1-921825-06-4
    . Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  4. ^ West Papua Militia
  5. ^ "Profil Yorrys T.H Raweyai - VIVA". www.viva.co.id. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  6. ISBN 978-1-921825-06-4
    . Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  7. ^ "Pendiri Presidium Dewan Papua: Otonomi Khusus Pilihan Terbaik". Jurnal Sumbar (in Indonesian). 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  8. ^ "17 Tahun Kematian Theys, Keluarga: Berhenti Katakan Ini Pelanggaran HAM, Kami Sudah Maafkan!". news (in Indonesian). 2018-11-10. Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  9. ^ Pratomo, Yulistyo (2015-04-29). "Anak Theys Eluay puji Kopassus sudah banyak berubah". merdeka.com. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
  10. ^ Youwe, Alan. "Bandara Sentani Jayapura Ganti Nama Dortheys Hiyo Eluay". Kumparan. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  11. ^ "Soal Perubahan Nama Bandara, Yanto Eluay : Jangan Nilai Dari Satu Sisi Saja". Tabloid JUBI (in Indonesian). 2020-10-29. Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  12. ^ "Yanto Eluay: Alasan Tolak Pergantian Nama Bandara Tak Mendasar". KabarPapua.co (in Indonesian). 2020-10-19. Retrieved 2021-11-05.

Further reading

  • S. Eben Kirksey and J. A. D. Roemajauw 2002 The Wild Terrorist Gang: The Semantics of Violence and Self-determination in West Papua, in: Oxford Development Studies, 30, 2
  • Giay, Benny 2002 Peristiwa penculikan dan pembunuhan Theys H Eluay 10 November 2001 (The Abduction and Assassination of Theys H Eluay on November 10, 2001)" . The book was banned by the local authorities in West Papua and the author initimidated. The book was considered dangerous to national unity.
  • Giay, Benny 2006, Pembunuhan Theys: kematian HAM di tanah Papua (The Murder of Theys: The Death of Human Rights in the Land of the Papuans), Yogyakarta: Galang Press
  • Memoria Passionis di Papua. Kondisi Sosial Politik dan Hak Asasi Manusia: Gambaran 2000.[1] (Memoria Passionis. The social and political conditions and human rights: the picture in 2000), Sekretariat Keadilan dan Perdamaian (SKP) (Justice and Peace Organization), Keuskupan Jayapura (the Episcopal Secretariat Jayapura) and Lembaga Studi Pers dan Pembangunan (LSPP), Jakarta, (The Foundation for the Study of the Press and Development) Jakarta, 2001.
  • Report Papua in the year 2000
  • "Keynote: West Papua rising". New Internationalist. April 2002. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
  • Moore, Matthew (April 22, 2003). "Kopassus guilty of Eluay murder". The Age. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
  • "Arrest of Theys Eluay and the National Dialogue Debate". Indonesia: Human Rights and Pro-Independence Actions in Irian Jaya. Human Rights Watch. December 1, 1998. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
  • Articles in the Cenderawasih Pos, daily, Jayapura (https://web.archive.org/web/20080409212432/http://www.cenderawasihpos.com/)

External links

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