Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey

Thomas Holland
Thomas Holland
Alice FitzAlan

Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Kent, KG, Earl Marshal (8 September 1372 – 7 January 1400) was an English nobleman and courtier.

Early life and family

Born on 8 September 1372,

Richard FitzAlan, 3rd Earl of Arundel. His father was a maternal half-brother of King Richard II, and the younger Thomas had two brothers and six sisters.^[2]

Shortly after 20 October 1392,[3] Thomas Holland married Joan Stafford, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Stafford. They had 2 children.^[4] In 1394 he and his father accompanied the king to Ireland.^[5]

On his father's death in 1397 he succeeded him as 3rd Earl of Kent and 4th Baron Holland. At that time Kent's uncle King Richard II was removing the

Earl of Arundel. In reward he received a share of the forfeited estates, and on 29 September 1397 was created Duke of Surrey. Another uncle, the Earl of Huntingdon, was created Duke of Exeter on that day as well. In 1398 he founded Mount Grace Priory in Yorkshire.^[7]

Last years and execution

Surrey, along with many of King Richard II's advisors, was arrested after the King's deposition by King Henry IV in 1399. In the end he had to forfeit the honours and estates he had gained after the arrests of Gloucester and Arundel, in particular the Dukedom of Surrey, although he retained the Earldom of Kent.

Early in 1400, Kent, along with his uncle, the Earl of Huntingdon (no longer Duke of Exeter), plotted to kill King Henry IV and free King Richard II from prison and return him to the throne. This "Epiphany Rising" failed and Kent was captured and executed.

He was succeeded as Earl of Kent by his brother Edmund.^[8]

Ancestry

Ancestors of Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey

16. Sir Robert Holland^{Alice de Warenne^[iv]}

27. Joan de Vere

3. Alice FitzAlan

28. Edmund Crouchback (brother of 20)^[viii]

14. Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster^[ii]

29. Blanche of Artois^[viii]

7. Eleanor of Lancaster^[ii]

30. Sir Patrick Chaworth^[ii]

15. Maud Chaworth^[ii]

31. Isabella de Beauchamp^[ii]

References:

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Stansfield 1987, p. 310
^
ISBN 978-0-224-07300-4
.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Stansfield 1987, p. 312
^
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9529. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

^
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/37562. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

^ ^a ^b Burke, Bernard (1866). A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire. London: Harrison. pp. 598–599.
ISBN 978-0-224-06249-7
.

^ ^a ^b Mortimer 2007, p. 459

References

ISBN 978-0-8203-2092-2
.

doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13545. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

^ Cokayne, G.E.; Doubleday, H.A. & Howard de Walden, Lord, eds. (1929). The Complete Peerage. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). London: St. Catherine Press. p. 158. Archived. {{cite book}}: External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)

^ Archbold, W.A.J. (1891). "Holland, Thomas, first Duke of Surrey" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 27. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

ISBN 978-1-4499-6638-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
)

ISBN 0-906223-34-2. The Art of Heraldry by A.C. Fox-Davies
. Page 97. Fig 201. (Image by Zorlot).

^ Archbold 1891, p. 157.

^ Stansfield, M.M.N. (1987). The Hollands, Dukes of Exeter, Earls of Kent and Huntingdon, 1352–1475 (PDF) (PhD). Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 September 2018.

External links

Dukes of Exeter and Surrey − Harley MS 1319 fol. 25

Online fragment of Mooney 1998

Thomas Holand

Political offices

Preceded by
The Duke of Norfolk
Earl Marshal
1398–1399 Succeeded by
The Earl of Westmorland

Peerage of England

Preceded by
Thomas Holland
Earl of Kent
1397–1400 Succeeded by
Edmund Holland

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Holland,_1st_Duke_of_Surrey&oldid=1186780355"

[stansfield1987p310-9] Stansfield 1987, p. 310

[mortimer2007p460-10] 
ISBN 978-0-224-07300-4
.

[stansfield1987p312-11] Stansfield 1987, p. 312

[fitzalan-12] 
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9529. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

[maddicott-13] 
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/37562. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

[burke598-14] Burke, Bernard (1866). A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire. London: Harrison. pp. 598–599.

[mortimer2003-15] ISBN 978-0-224-06249-7
.

[mortimer2007p459-16] Mortimer 2007, p. 459

[1] ISBN 978-0-8203-2092-2
.

[2] :10.1093/ref:odnb/13545. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

[3] Cokayne, G.E.; Doubleday, H.A. & Howard de Walden, Lord, eds. (1929). The Complete Peerage. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). London: St. Catherine Press. p. 158. Archived. {{cite book}}: External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[4] Archbold, W.A.J. (1891). "Holland, Thomas, first Duke of Surrey" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 27. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

[5] ISBN 978-1-4499-6638-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
)

[6] ISBN 0-906223-34-2. The Art of Heraldry by A.C. Fox-Davies
. Page 97. Fig 201. (Image by Zorlot).

[FOOTNOTEArchbold1891157-7] Archbold 1891, p. 157.

[8] Stansfield, M.M.N. (1987). The Hollands, Dukes of Exeter, Earls of Kent and Huntingdon, 1352–1475 (PDF) (PhD). Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 September 2018.

[2]

[4]

[5]

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[viii]

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