Thomas M. Franck

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Thomas Martin Franck (July 14, 1931 – May 27, 2009) was a lawyer, law professor, and expert on international law. Franck was the Murry and Ida Becker Professor of Law at New York University and advised many nations on legal matters, even helping some to write their constitutions.

Early life

Franck was born on July 17, 1931, in Berlin, the son of a

visas to emigrate to the United States, the Franck family obtained Canadian visas and moved to Vancouver.[1]

Academic career

Franck attended the

University of Nebraska in 1954. He further studied at Harvard University where he received a Master of Laws in 1954 and a Doctor of Juridical Science in 1959.[1] He joined the faculty of New York University in 1957 as an associate professor, becoming a full professor in 1962, and receiving a named chair, as the Murry and Ida Becker Professor of Law in 1988.[2]

Franck published prolifically, as the author or co-author of 31 books. He also held various leadership positions and fellowships. In 1973 and 1982, he received Guggenheim Fellowships. From 1998 to 2000, he served as the president of the American Society of International Law,[1] and in 1965 he served as the first director of the Center for International Studies at NYU.[1][2] In addition to teaching at NYU, Franck taught as a visiting professor at the University of Cambridge, Stanford University and York University.[3] He was a member of the Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute's International Council.

Franck's work on international law was well respected. David Kennedy, of Brown University, called Franck "the leading American scholar of international law".[1]

Books

Franck's 31 books covered "a wide range of international issues,"[1] starting with his 1960 book Race and Nationalism: The Struggle for Power in Rhodesia-Nyasaland and ending with his 2002 book, Recourse to force : state action against threats and armed attacks.

In Race and Nationalism: The Struggle for Power in Rhodesia-Nyasaland, Franck studied the effect of nationalism on power struggles in Central Africa, based on research during his travels in Rhodesia in 1957. Writing in International Affairs, R.C. Pratt decisively criticized the book, calling it "shrill, without sympathetic insight, historical perspective, or understanding" and leading African historian Terence Ranger wrote that the book was "original only when it is inaccurate."[4]

Franck's next major book, East African Unity Through Law, was published by

British Commonwealth, and Louis Blom-Cooper wrote in International Affairs that Franck's points on the Commonwealth were "mildly prophetic."[6]

In 1968, Franck finished his next book, A Free Trade Association, which he co-edited along with Edward Weisband. The book was based on the proceedings of a conference at NYU on a proposed free-trade association consisting of the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, envisioned as an alternative to the European Economic Community. Franck wrote the first chapter, examining the political implications of such an arrangement and argued that the United States needed to stay engaged with Western Europe.[7]

The same year, Franck edited a second book, Why Federations Fail, which returned to many of the themes examined in East African Unity Through Law. The book examined several cases of failed federation, including a chapter on East Africa by Franck, and concluded with another chapter by Franck on the common themes of federation failure. In his concluding chapter, Franck emphasized the uniqueness of each individual federation, and the difficulty of finding common points, but he went on to conclude that ideological commitment was one of the most important prerequisites for federation.[8]

Franck completed a third book in 1968, The Structure of Impartiality. In the book, Franck analyzed the absence of third-party, impartial decision makers in the international system. Franck wrote that "the failure of the international community to develop a system of third-party lawmaking compatible to that of the national community may well prove to be the fatal error of our civilization", and wrote of the many benefits that a third-party decision-making body would bring.[9]

In 1971, Franck again collaborated with Edward Weisband on his next book, Word Politics: Verbal Strategy Among Superpowers. The book analyzed the importance of "how statesman [

realists believe."[11]

Legacy

Decolonization during the 1950s and 1960 implicated a process of drafting constitutions for the former colonies as they evolved into independent nation states. Franck was involved in developing constitutions for several African nations which were emerging from British rule Sierra Leone and Rhodesia, which is now known as Zimbabwe. He also worked on the constitution of Tanzania which encompassed the former Tanganyika and Zanzibar. He served as legal advisor to the African governments of Chad, Kenya and Mauritius; and in addition, he was a legal advisor to the governments of the Solomon Islands and El Salvador.[1]

Honors

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Hevesi, Dennis (May 30, 2009). "Thomas Franck, Who Advised Countries on Law, Dies at 77". The New York Times. p. A12.
  2. ^ a b c "NYU Law-Faculty, Thomas M. Franck". Retrieved 2009-05-31.
  3. ^ "Interview with Thomas Franck, Professor of Law at New York University". Retrieved 2009-05-31.
  4. JSTOR 2611019
    .
  5. JSTOR 757001
    .
  6. JSTOR 261165
    .
  7. JSTOR 2720333
    .
  8. S2CID 144115091
    .
  9. JSTOR 1959357
    .
  10. JSTOR 2149037
    .
  11. JSTOR 2747457
    .

External links
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