Thomas Maitland (British Army officer)
James Campbell of Inverneill | |
---|---|
Succeeded by | Frederick Adam |
Personal details | |
Born | 10 March 1760 Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order |
Military service | |
Allegiance | United Kingdom |
Branch/service | British Army |
Rank | Lieutenant General |
Unit | 62nd (Wiltshire) Regiment of Foot |
Commands | General Officer Commanding, Ceylon |
Battles/wars | Peninsular War Napoleonic Wars Haitian Revolution |
Early military career
Maitland was commissioned into the Edinburgh Light Horse, shortly after his birth, but did not take up his commission until he joined the
Haitian Revolution
In 1797, Maitland landed in
Elkins and McKitrick[3] write:
It was in fact Maitland and not the War Ministry who had determined that Britain's only sensible choice, rather than try to maintain any kind of presence at Jérémie and Môle-Saint-Nicolas, was to deal directly with Louverture and negotiate a total evacuation of the island. Accordingly he and the black general concluded a secret agreement on August 31, 1798. Great Britain would desist from any further attack on St. Domingue and any interference with its internal affairs; Louverture made a similar promise with regard to Jamaica; and Maitland would see that provisions were allowed to reach the ports of St. Domingue without interference from British cruisers.
In May 1799, Maitland returned to Saint-Domingue to negotiate an extension of the agreement with Louverture. On 13 June, in the presence of Edward Stevens, the representative of the United States on the island, Maitland and Louverture signed the Maitland Convention, which stipulated that the ports of Le Cap and Port-Républicain would be opened to Anglo-American shipping.[4]
Governor of Ceylon
Maitland served as Governor of
Peninsular War
In early 1812, The 1st Earl of Wellington began the campaign that resulted in his victory at the Battle of Salamanca on 22 July. To prevent Marshal
Governor of Malta and of the Ionian Islands
Maitland became
After the eradication of the plague, Maitland made several reforms. He removed British troops from
While he was Governor of Malta, Maitland also served as
Citations
- ^ C.L.R. James, Black Jacobins (London: Penguin, 1938), p. 109.
- ^ David Geggus, Slavery, War and Revolution: The British Occupation of Saint Domingue, 1793–1798 (New York: Clarendon Press, 1982).
- ^ Elkins and McKitrick, The Age of Federalism, p. 656
- ISBN 978-0141985060
- ^ Seneviratne, The story of Mount Lavinia Hotel, pp. 20–22
- ^ Aves, Sri Lanka, p. 79
- ^ "History of the Mount Lavinia hotel". Hotel's Website. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008. Retrieved 29 September 2007.
- ^ Ranatunga, D.C. (5 May 2011). "What's in a name?". Daily FT. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- ^ Glover, Peninsular War, pp. 268–269
- ^ a b Gates, Spanish Ulcer, p. 364
- ^ Glover, Peninsular War, pp. 207–210
- ^ Glover, Peninsular War, p. 270
- ^ "No. 16733". The London Gazette. 25 May 1813. p. 1018.
- ^ Grech, Chris (26 October 2013). "Sir Hildebrand Oakes' resignation as Governor of Malta in 1813". Times of Malta. Malta. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ Zerafa, Thomas (17 July 2011). "When the British planned to make Lampedusa part of the Maltese Islands". Times of Malta. Retrieved 21 September 2014.
- ^ Sciberras, Sandro. "Maltese History – G. The First Years of British Rule 1800–1824" (PDF). St Benedict College. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 21 September 2014.
- ^ "Assistant Surgeon John Hennen MD (Ed 1819)". British Army Medical Services and the Malta Garrison 1799–1979. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- ^ "161. Κερκυρα, Σπιαναδα". tab.ionio.gr (in Greek). Archived from the original on 13 November 2017.
See also
- Mount Lavinia Hotel
- Maitland Plan
- Law enforcement in Malta
References
- Aves, Edward (2003) Sri Lanka. Bath, England: Footprint. ISBN 1-903471-78-8.
- Elkins, Stanley M. and Eric McKitrick (1993) The Age of Federalism. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-506890-4.
- Gates, David (2002). The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War. London: Pimlico. ISBN 0-7126-9730-6.
- ISBN 0-141-39041-7.
- James, C.L.R. (2001) The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L'Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 0140299815.
- Seneviratne, Maureen (1995) The story of Mount Lavinia Hotel. Colombo, Sri Lanka: McCallum Publishers. OCLC 37579642.
Further reading
- Dixon, Cyril Willis (1939) The Colonial Administrations of Sir Thomas Maitland Longmans, Green and Company, London, OCLC 461019
- Hulugalle, H. A. J. (1963) "Sir Thomas Maitland (1805–1811)" British Governors of Ceylon Associated Newspapers of Ceylon, Colombo, Sri Lanka, pp. 18–25, OCLC 4175720
External links
- Chichester, H.M. (1893). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 35. p. 374–376. .
- The Louverture Project: Thomas Maitland – Thomas Maitland and the Haitian Revolution.