Thomas S. Monson

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Thomas S. Monson
Photo of Thomas S. Monson
16th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
February 3, 2008 (2008-02-03) – January 2, 2018 (2018-01-02)
PredecessorGordon B. Hinckley
SuccessorRussell M. Nelson
President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
(with Boyd K. Packer as Acting President)
March 12, 1995 (1995-03-12) – February 3, 2008 (2008-02-03)
PredecessorGordon B. Hinckley
SuccessorBoyd K. Packer
End reasonBecame President of the Church
First Counselor in the First Presidency
March 12, 1995 (1995-03-12) – January 27, 2008 (2008-01-27)
Called byGordon B. Hinckley
PredecessorGordon B. Hinckley
SuccessorHenry B. Eyring
End reasonDissolution of First Presidency upon the death of Gordon B. Hinckley
Second Counselor in the First Presidency
November 10, 1985 (1985-11-10) – March 3, 1995 (1995-03-03)
Called byEzra Taft Benson
PredecessorGordon B. Hinckley
SuccessorJames E. Faust
End reasonDissolution of First Presidency upon the death of Howard W. Hunter
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
October 4, 1963 (1963-10-04) – November 10, 1985 (1985-11-10)
Called byDavid O. McKay
End reasonCalled as Second Counselor in the First Presidency
N. Eldon Tanner added to First Presidency
Reorganization
at end of term		Gerrit W. Gong and Ulisses Soares were ordained following deaths of Monson and Robert D. Hales
Military career
1945–1946
Service/branch
U.S. Naval Reserve
Personal details
Born(1927-08-21)August 21, 1927
Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
DiedJanuary 2, 2018(2018-01-02) (aged 90)
Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
Education
Spouse(s)
Frances Beverly Johnson
​
​
(m. 1948; died 2013)​
Children3
Awards
Websitethomassmonson.org
Signature 

Thomas Spencer Monson (August 21, 1927 – January 2, 2018) was an American religious leader, author, and the 16th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). As president, he was considered by adherents of the religion to be a prophet, seer, and revelator. Monson's early career was as a manager at the Deseret News, a Utah newspaper owned by the LDS Church. He spent most of his life engaged in various church leadership positions and public service.

Monson was ordained an LDS apostle at age 36, served in the First Presidency under three church presidents, and was the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles from March 12, 1995, until he became President of the Church on February 3, 2008.[1] He succeeded Gordon B. Hinckley as church president.[2][3]

Monson received four

Bronze Wolf—the highest awards in each organization. He was a member of the National Executive Board of the Boy Scouts of America, the organization's governing body.[4]

Monson was chairman of the Boards of Trustees/Education of the

President's Task Force for Private Sector Initiatives. He married Frances Beverly Johnson in the Salt Lake Temple in 1948, and together they raised their three children. Frances died on May 17, 2013.[5][6]

Biography

Early life

Monson was born on August 21, 1927, at St. Mark's Hospital

West Valley City), and as a teenager, he worked at a printing business his father managed.[9]

From 1940 to 1944, Monson attended

baptized him into the LDS Church in Sweden.[9]

Early career

In 1945, Monson joined the

mission as a youth. At age 21, on October 7, 1948, he married Frances Beverly Johnson in the Salt Lake Temple.[12] The couple eventually had three children: Thomas Lee, Ann Frances, and Clark Spencer.[13]

After college he rejoined the Naval Reserve with the aim of becoming an officer. Shortly after receiving his commission acceptance letter, his local

called if he had accepted the commission.[15][14]

Monson briefly taught at the University of Utah,

A Marvelous Work And A Wonder. He also worked with Gordon B. Hinckley, the LDS Church's representative on publications, with whom he would later serve in the First Presidency. In addition to serving as a counselor to President Hinckley, President Monson also served alongside two other church presidents.[19]

Local church leadership

On May 7, 1950, Monson became an LDS

serviceman.[23] During his service as bishop of the 6th-7th Ward, sacrament meeting attendance in the ward quadrupled.[24]

On June 16, 1955,

stake presidency, Monson oversaw the stake's Primary, Sunday School, MIA, athletics and budget, until he was moved to Holladay, Utah, in June 1957.[27] In Holladay, Monson was assigned to a ward building committee, to coordinate ward members' volunteer service to build a meetinghouse.[28]

Mission president in Canada

In April 1959,[25] at age 31, Monson became president of the church's Canadian Mission (consisting of Ontario and Quebec), and served until January 1962.[25] Monson's third child, Clark, was born during his mission presidency.[29]

As there were no local

missionaries and 55 church branches divided into nine districts.[30] During his tenure, the number of missionaries peaked at 180.[31] Historically, most districts and branches in the area had been presided over by full-time missionaries, but Monson placed local members as presidents of branches and districts soon after arriving.[32]

Monson initiated French-speaking proselytizing efforts in Quebec.[33] He directed increased missionary work to immigrants from the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Italy, Soviet Union and Hungary.[34] Jacob de Jager, a future LDS general authority, was among the immigrant converts. Monson encouraged members to remain in eastern Canada, instead of migrating to Utah or Alberta as many members had done before, to help build the church's presence.[35] To help encourage members to stay in Canada, increase the perception of permanence, and better reach potential converts, he started a major construction program for new meetinghouses. Until then, most branches had used rented halls.[36]

Efforts made during Monson's service came to fruition when a stake was organized in Toronto on August 14, 1960. However, most of the mission's area remained in districts. A more complete presence in Ontario would not come until the dedication of the Toronto Ontario Temple in 1990, which Monson attended as a member of the First Presidency.[37]

Return to Utah

Immediately after returning from Canada, Monson was called to the

Home Teaching Committee.[18]

Monson resumed his work with the Deseret News as assistant general manager of the Deseret News Press, mainly doing non-newspaper printing. A month later he was made the general manager of the Deseret News Press. At the time, it was the largest printing plant in the United States west of the Mississippi River.[39] Monson remained in this position until 1963, when he was called as apostle.[40]

Monson, accompanied by Henry B. Eyring, shakes hands with U.S. President George W. Bush on May 29, 2008, in the Church Administration Building in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Apostleship

Monson was

sustained to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles at general conference on October 4, 1963. He was the youngest man called to the Quorum of the Twelve in 53 years, and was 17 years younger than the next youngest member, Gordon B. Hinckley.[41] He was ordained and set apart on October 10, 1963, by Joseph Fielding Smith.[42]

From 1965 to 1968, Monson oversaw church operations in the South Pacific and Australia.[43] During this time he organized the first LDS stake in Tonga.[44]

With his business background, he helped oversee many church operations, including

master of business administration degree from Brigham Young University in 1974.[18]

Monson later oversaw church operations in

Freiberg, East Germany, which was completed in 1985.[47]

Other organizations

In the mid-1950s Monson was the secretary of the Utah State Roller Club, a group of pigeon breeders.

Key Bank, Monson joined the Board of Directors of Key Bank. In 1981, Ronald Reagan appointed him to the President's Task Force on Private Sector Initiatives,[49] serving until its completion in December 1982.[50]

Monson resigned most of his positions in 1996 when church leadership determined all the general authorities should leave all business boards of directors, except for Deseret Management Corporation.[51] From 1965 until 1996 Monson was a member of the Deseret News Publishing Company board of directors. He became chairman of the board of directors in 1977.[52]

First Presidency

Following the death of church president Spencer W. Kimball in 1985, newly selected church president Ezra Taft Benson asked Hinckley and Monson to serve as his First and Second Counselors. Monson and Hinckley also served as counselors to Benson's successor, Howard W. Hunter.[53] When Hinckley succeeded Hunter in 1995, Monson became his first counselor.[54] He served until Hinckley's death on January 27, 2008. As the second most senior of the apostles behind Hinckley, Monson simultaneously served as President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles; Boyd K. Packer (then third in seniority) served as Acting President during that time.[55]

Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, delivers family history records to U.S. President Barack Obama

LDS Church president

Monson became the 16th president of the LDS Church on February 3, 2008, succeeding Hinckley, who had died seven days earlier. Monson selected

31 temples announced by Monson were either under construction or in planning.[56][57]

Monson and his counselors met with President George W. Bush on May 29, 2008, during Bush's visit to Salt Lake City.[58] He and apostle Dallin H. Oaks met with President Barack Obama and Senator Harry Reid in the Oval Office on July 20, 2009, and presented Obama with five volumes of his personal family history records.[59] Monson did not attend a meeting other church leaders, including Eyring and Uchtdorf, had with Obama during his visit to Utah in April 2015. A church spokesperson indicated the absence was in order to save Monson's strength for the church's general conference the following weekend.[60] As 2015 progressed, Monson gave the closing talk at the funerals of L. Tom Perry, Boyd K. Packer, and Richard G. Scott.[61]

On May 23, 2017, the LDS Church said Monson would no longer be attending meetings at the church's offices on a regular basis, because of limitations incident to age.[62][63] With his birthday on August 21, 2017, Monson became the seventh[64] president of the LDS Church to be a nonagenarian.[65] Consistent with the May 2017 statement, the LDS Church announced on September 28, 2017, that Monson would not attend the church's upcoming general conference, due to the same health and age-related limitations. He was the first church president to miss an entire general conference weekend since Ezra Taft Benson in 1992.[66] The same reason was given when Monson did not attend the funeral of Robert D. Hales, who died on the Sunday of the church's October general conference.[67]

Death

Monson died of natural causes at the age of 90 on January 2, 2018, at his home in Salt Lake City.[68][37][69] The following day, the LDS Church announced that a public viewing would be held on January 11, in the church's Conference Center, with funeral services scheduled the following day, also in the Conference Center.[70] His death, along with the passing of Hales a couple of months prior, created two vacancies in the Quorum of the Twelve, which were filled at the next general conference.[71] He was succeeded as church president by Russell M. Nelson.[72]

After Monson's death, the obituary posted by The New York Times, which noted several controversies during his presidency, drew negative attention.[73] The Times was criticized for bias against Monson, with one writer citing the obituaries of Fidel Castro and Hugh Hefner in contrast.[74] An online petition asking the Times to remove the obituary gained 188,852 signatures, to which the Times obituaries editor responded, "I think the obituary was a faithful accounting of the more prominent issues that Mr. Monson encountered and dealt with publicly during his tenure. Some of these matters — the role of women in the church, the church’s policy toward homosexuality and same-sex marriage, and more — were widely publicized and discussed, and it’s our obligation as journalists, whether in an obituary or elsewhere, to fully air these issues from both sides. I think we did that, accurately portraying Mr. Monson’s positions as leader of the church, and those of the faithful and others who questioned church policies."[75]

Legacy

Monson laying the cornerstone during the dedication of the Curitiba Brazil Temple on June 1, 2008

Temple dedications

As church president, Monson dedicated fourteen (and rededicated four) LDS Church

México City México (rededication), 2008; Draper Utah, 2009; Oquirrh Mountain Utah, 2009;[78] Vancouver British Columbia, 2010;[79] Gila Valley Arizona, 2010;[80] Cebu City Philippines, 2010;[81] Kyiv Ukraine, 2010;[82] Laie Hawaii (rededication), 2010;[83] Kansas City Missouri, 2012;[84] Calgary Alberta, 2012;[85] Boise Idaho (rededication), 2012;[86] Gilbert Arizona, 2014;[87] Ogden Utah (rededication), 2014;[88] and Phoenix Arizona, 2014.[89]

As a counselor in the First Presidency, Monson dedicated seven church temples:

Veracruz México, 2000.[18] Monson attended the dedication of many other LDS Church temples as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve and the First Presidency.[citation needed
]

Volunteer work

He was president of the Printing Industry of Utah and a former board member of the

Life Scout and Explorer crew member in his youth, Monson served in several adult Scouting leadership capacities: merit badge counselor, member of the Canadian LDS Scouting Committee, chaplain at a Canadian Jamboree, and a member of the General Scouting Committee of the LDS Church. He was also a proponent of the Scouting for Food drive, and he served on the national executive board of the Boy Scouts of America from 1969 to his death. He also represented the Boy Scouts of America as a delegate to the World Conferences in Tokyo, Nairobi, and Copenhagen.[50]

Political involvement

See also:
Homosexuality and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

In June 2008, Monson and his counselors in the

Proposition 8 by donating their time and resources, stating that, "Our best efforts are required to preserve the sacred institution of marriage."[90] In the 2012 Utah voter list he was listed as a registered Republican voter.[91]

Awards and recognition

Monson's grave at Salt Lake City Cemetery

In 1966, Monson was honored as a distinguished alumnus by the University of Utah.[92] His first honorary degree, an Honorary Doctorate of Laws, was conferred in April 1981 by Brigham Young University.[18] He received a Doctor of Humane Letters from Salt Lake Community College in June 1996, an Honorary Doctor of Business from the University of Utah in May 2007,[1] and an honorary doctorate degree in Humanities from Dixie State College in May 2011.[93]

Monson received the

Bronze Wolf, the highest honor and only award of the World Organization of the Scout Movement,[94] and was recognized for his contributions when a leadership complex at the Summit Bechtel Reserve was named for him.[95] The citation for this award says:[50]

In his assignments throughout the world as a leader of [the LDS Church], President Monson worked tirelessly to bring about the advancement of Scouting in many countries. He worked closely with the World Organization of the Scout Movement to find ways to strengthen the links between the Church and national Scout associations. He was a committed, solid, hard-working volunteer in the Scout Movement. His Scouting leadership was exemplary.

In connection with the LDS Church's centennial celebration as a chartered sponsor, the BSA announced that the Leadership Excellence Complex, located at

The Summit Bechtel Family National Scout Reserve in West Virginia, would be renamed the Thomas S. Monson Leadership Excellence Complex and also awarded him Scouting's Honor Medal in 2013 for saving the life of a girl who was drowning when he was 12 years old.[96] The Salt Lake chapter of Rotary International honored Monson at its international convention with its Worldwide Humanitarian Award in 2008.[18]

In

Gallup listed Monson as one of "Americans' 10 Most Admired Men".[98]

Publications

Monson wrote a number of books, some of which are compilations of speeches given by him, or of quotes. Others discuss particular LDS gospel themes. He also wrote Faith Rewarded which is an autobiographical account about his work in leading the church in Eastern Europe.

References

  1. ^
    LDS Church
    . Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  2. ^ a b c "Thomas S. Monson Named 16th Church President". LDS Newsroom. LDS Church. February 4, 2008. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  3. ^ As the church's president, he is recognized as the most senior apostle.
  4. ^ "Boy Scouts of America Annual Report 2011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 14, 2012.
  5. ^ "Frances B. Monson, Wife of President Thomas S. Monson, Passes Away". The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. May 17, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  6. ^ Mims, Bob (May 17, 2013). "Frances Monson, wife of Mormon church leader, dies". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  7. ^ Chase 2013, p. 485.
  8. Deseret Morning News
    , 2005).
  9. ^ a b c Moore, Carrie A. (February 4, 2008). "President Monson recalls influence of family on his life". Deseret News. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved June 5, 2008.
  10. ^ Swensen, Jason (November 17, 2008). "87,000 gather at LDS event in Mexico". Deseret News. Archived from the original on January 7, 2010. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
  11. ^ "Thomas Spencer Monson". History of Mormonism.com. More Good Foundation. Archived from the original on January 9, 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
  12. ^ a b Holland, Jeffrey R. (October–November 1986). "President Thomas S. Monson: Always "on the Lord's Errand"". Tambuli. LDS Church. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  13. ^ "Monson Family Members Recall a Warm and Loving Father, Grandfather - Church News and Events". www.churchofjesuschrist.org. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  14. ^ a b Holland, Jeffrey R. (June 2008). "President Thomas S. Monson: In the Footsteps of the Master". Liahona (Supplement). LDS Church. Archived from the original on June 3, 2012. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  15. ^ Monson, Thomas S. (February 6, 1977). Decisions (Speech). Brigham Young University. Archived from the original on March 7, 2009. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
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  21. ^ Holland, Jeffrey R. (October 1994). "President Thomas S. Monson: Finishing the Course, Keeping the Faith". Liahona. LDS Church. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  22. ^ Prescott, Marianne Holman (January 3, 2018). "Part 2: Thomas S. Monson Served "His Widows"". Church News. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
  23. ^ Heidi S. Swinton, To the Rescue: The Biography of Thomas S. Monson (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 2010) p. 156
  24. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 136
  25. ^ a b c Chase 2013, p. 490.
  26. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 162
  27. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 167
  28. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 167–68
  29. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 174
  30. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 182
  31. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 176
  32. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 190
  33. ^ "President Monson Keeps Close Ties to Canada". LDS Newsroom. LDS Church. February 11, 2008. Retrieved June 5, 2008.
  34. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 184
  35. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 177
  36. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 188
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    Salt Lake Tribune. January 2, 2017. Archived
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  38. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 203
  39. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 197
  40. ^ "President Thomas S. Monson - Ministry". www.churchofjesuschrist.org. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  41. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 218
  42. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 226
  43. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 262
  44. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 273
  45. ^ Seventy, President Loren C. Dunnof the First Council of the; Committee, Managing Director of the Missionary. "A Mission Call". www.churchofjesuschrist.org.
  46. ^ Chase 2013, p. 494.
  47. ^ "President Thomas S. Monson: Additional Biographical Information". lds.org.uk — the Official LDS Country website for the United Kingdom. LDS Church. February 4, 2008. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2008.
  48. ^ Swinton, To the Rescue, p. 168
  49. ^ Swinton. To the Rescue, pp. 531–32
  50. ^ a b c Stack, Peggy Fletcher; Mims, Bob (February 6, 2008). "Monson ready for presidential duties". The Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on March 3, 2008. Retrieved February 21, 2008.
  51. ^ Swinton. To the Rescue, pp. 258, 530–31
  52. ^ Swinton. To the Rescue, p. 530
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  54. ^ Chase 2013, p. 497.
  55. ^ William O. Lewis III. "Thomas S. Monson". Grandpa Bill's G.A. Pages. Archived from the original on February 20, 2008. Retrieved June 5, 2008.
  56. ^ "Mormon temple planned for Rome". The Dallas Morning News. October 5, 2008. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2008.
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  61. ^ Rascon, Dan (September 22, 2015). "Elder Scott is third LDS apostle to die in last few months". KUTV. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
  62. LDS Church
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  64. ^ Wilford Woodruff, David O. McKay, Joseph Fielding Smith, Spencer W. Kimball, Ezra Taft Benson, and Gordon B. Hinckley also lived past their 90th birthdays.
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  67. ^ "'God be with you till we meet again': Funeral services held for LDS Apostle Elder Robert D. Hales". www.ksl.com. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
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  74. ^ "Fidel Castro got a much more favorable New York Times obituary than the late Mormon faith leader". Washington Examiner. January 4, 2018. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
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  81. ^ "Mormon President Thomas S. Monson arrives to dedicate Cebu City Philippines Temple". Philippine Times. June 12, 2010. Archived from the original on April 22, 2012. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
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  83. ^ "Mormon leader attends temple rededication". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. November 27, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
  84. ^ "LDS Church News - Kansas City Missouri Temple dedicated by President Thomas S. Monson". Church News. May 6, 2012.
  85. ^ "LDS Church News - Calgary Alberta Temple: Dedication marks 140th operating temple for Church". Church News. October 28, 2012.
  86. ^ "LDS Church News - Boise Idaho Temple: A priceless treasure". Church News. November 18, 2012.
  87. ^ "Gilbert Arizona Temple". www.ldschurchtemples.com.
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  89. ^ "Phoenix Arizona Temple". www.ldschurchtemples.com.
  90. ^ "California and Same-Sex Marriage". LDS Newsroom. LDS Church. June 30, 2008. Retrieved March 24, 2009.
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  92. ^ "University of Utah Distinguished Alumni Award past recipients" (PDF). University of Utah. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  93. ^ "LDS President Thomas S. Monson to Deliver 2011 Dixie State College Centennial Commencement Address". Dixie State College. March 29, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
  94. ^ "President Monson is honored for his contributions to Scouting", Church News, October 9, 1993.
  95. ^ Plummer, Sarah (June 16, 2016). "Bechtel Summit to open leadership complex to give youth a solid foundation". Beckley Register-Herald. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
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Sources

  • Chase, Randal S. (2013). Church History Study Guide, Pt. 3: Latter-Day Prophets Since 1844. Making Precious Things Plain. Vol. 6 (Revised ed.). Plain & Precious Publishing.
    ISBN 978-1-937-90106-6
    .
  • ISBN 978-1-60641-898-7

External links
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints titles
Preceded by President of the Church
February 3, 2008 – January 2, 2018 		Succeeded by
President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
March 12, 1995 – February 3, 2008
With: Boyd K. Packer (Acting) 		Succeeded by
First Counselor in the First Presidency
March 12, 1995 – January 27, 2008 		Succeeded by
Second Counselor in the First Presidency
November 10, 1985 – March 3, 1995 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
October 4, 1963 – February 3, 2008 		Succeeded by

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