Three-tier education
Three-tier education refers to those structures of schooling, which exist in some parts of England, where pupils are taught in three distinct school types as they progress through the education system.
Terminology
In a three-tier
History
References to middle schools in publications of the
The first middle school in England was introduced in 1968, in the
The number of middle schools peaked in 1982, when over 1400 middle schools were open;[7] by 2017, only 121 remained,[2] and by 2019 the National Middle Schools' Forum recorded 107 in its directory, in 14 local authority areas.[11] In 2006, it was reported that Central Bedfordshire, Northumberland and the Isle of Wight were the only LEAs still exclusively using the three-tier system.[12]
Multiple reasons have been suggested by sources for this reversion to a two-tier system, including: a lack of clear identity, with the
The Inter-LEA Middle Schools Forum was founded in 1991, later changing its name to the National Middle Schools' Forum;[10] it describes itself as "the voice of the middle school community".[16]
In 2016, Nigel Huddleston raised the topic of three-tier education in Parliament; the schools minister, Nick Gibb, noted that the Government had no plans to abolish the three-tier system in the areas that retained it.[17]
Similar systems
In Scotland, middle schools were operated in Grangemouth from 1974 to 1988, the system having been proposed in 1968.[18]
In the
Gibraltar's education system has a system of first, middle and secondary schools.[22][23]
See also
References
- ^ "Primary education (4 to 11 years)". Cambridgeshire County Council. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ a b c Allen-Kinross, Pippa (2 May 2018). "Middle schools defend themselves as councils ditch three-tier model". Schools Week. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ ISBN 9780191758454. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ^ "Secondary education (11 to 16 years)". Cambridgeshire County Council. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Middle, High and Secondary School Admissions Handbook 2020/2021" (PDF). Northumberland County Council. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ a b Tipple, Christopher (1995). "Introduction" (PDF). In National Middle Schools' Forum (ed.). NMSF Middle Schools Directory. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ^ S2CID 144894135.
- ^ a b "Education leaving age". politics.co.uk. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ISBN 9780191758454. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ^ a b "The History of Middle School Education in England". The National Middle Schools' Forum. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ^ "Current UK middle schools". The National Middle Schools' Forum. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Fighting for the middle ground". The Guardian. 5 September 2006.
- ^ "Middle schools face closure". BBC News. 27 June 2001. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ Times Educational Supplement. 11 June 2004. Archived from the originalon 22 September 2012. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Parents fight school closures". BBC News. 10 July 2002. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "A system matched to the developmental needs of children, fit for the 21st Century". The National Middle Schools' Forum. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Three-tier education". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 607. Parliament of the United Kingdom: House of Commons. 16 March 2016. col. 388WH.
- ^ "Falkirk Archives: Local authority records: Application Records Finding Aid" (PDF). Falkirk Community Trust. 2 March 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Independent school system in a nutshell". The Good Schools Guide. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "Common Entrance CE". The Good Schools Guide. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "10 Outstanding British Public Schools To Consider". Hong Kong Tatler. 23 May 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- HM Government of Gibraltar. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
- ^ "The School System". Angloinfo Gibraltar. Retrieved 6 June 2020.