Thrombophlebitis

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Thrombophlebitis
Other namesPhlebitis[1]
Ultrasonographic image showing thrombosis of the great saphenous vein.
SpecialtyCardiology Edit this on Wikidata
SymptomsSkin redness[1]
Risk factorsSmoking, Lupus[1]
Diagnostic methodDoppler ultrasound, Venography[1]
TreatmentBlood thinners, Pain medication[1]

Thrombophlebitis is a

migratory thrombophlebitis).[3]

Signs and symptoms

The following symptoms or signs are often associated with thrombophlebitis, although thrombophlebitis is not restricted to the veins of the

legs.[1][4]

Complications

In terms of complications, one of the most serious occurs when the superficial blood clot is associated with a

lungs This is a pulmonary embolism which can be life-threatening.[5]

Causes

Deep vein thrombosis/ right leg

Thrombophlebitis causes include disorders related to increased tendency for

estrogen replacement therapy, or oral contraceptives are associated with an increased risk of thrombophlebitis.[1][4][6]

Specific disorders associated with thrombophlebitis include superficial thrombophlebitis which affects veins near the skin surface, deep vein thrombosis which affects deeper veins, and pulmonary embolism.[7]

Those with familial clotting disorders such as protein S deficiency, protein C deficiency, or factor V Leiden are also at increased risk of thrombophlebitis. Thrombophlebitis can be found in people with vasculitis including Behçet's disease. Thrombophlebitis migrans can be a sign of malignancy – Trousseau sign of malignancy.[8]

Diagnosis

The diagnosis for thrombophlebitis is primarily based on the appearance of the affected area. Frequent checks of the pulse, blood pressure, and temperature may be required. If the cause is not readily identifiable, tests may be performed to determine the cause, including the following:[1][4]

  • Doppler ultrasound
  • Extremity
    arteriography
  • Blood clotting tests
    )

Prevention

Prevention consists of walking, drinking fluids and if currently hospitalized, changing of

IV lines.[1] Walking is especially suggested after a long period seated, particularly when one travels.[9]

Treatment

Ibuprofen (NSAID)

In terms of treatment for this condition the individual may be advised to do the following: raise the affected area to decrease

swelling, and relieve pressure off of the affected area so it will encounter less pain. In certain circumstances drainage of the clot might be an option. In general, treatment may include the following:[1][4][5]

Epidemiology

Thrombophlebitis occurs almost equally between women and men, though males do have a slightly higher possibility. The average age of developing thrombophlebitis, based on analyzed incidents, is 54 for men and 58 for women.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Thrombophlebitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
  2. PMID 16868304
    .
  3. PMID 31613482
    .
  4. ^ a b c d "Thrombophlebitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Causes". emedicine.medscape.com. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
  5. ^
    ISBN 9780128012383
    . Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  6. PMID 17351849
    .
  7. ^ "Superficial Thrombophlebitis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology". eMedicine. Medscape. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
  8. PMID 17496204
    .
  9. ISBN 9780803657915
    . Retrieved 23 October 2016.

Further reading

External links

Scholia has a topic profile for Thrombophlebitis.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thrombophlebitis&oldid=1136442093"