Reigning centre of God in the Abrahamic religions
The throne of God is the
Seventh Heaven which is called
Araboth (
Hebrew :
עֲרָבוֹת ‘ărāḇōṯ ) in Judaism.
[1] ].
Judaism
Micaiah (1 Kings 22 :19), Isaiah (Isaiah 6 ), Ezekiel (Ezekiel 1 )[2] and Daniel (Daniel 7 :9) all speak of God's throne, although some philosophers, such as Saʿadiah Gaon and Maimonides , interpreted such mention of a "throne" as allegory .[3]
The heavenly throne room or throne room of God is a more detailed presentation of the throne, into the representation of throne room or
divine court
.
Micaiah's throne room vision
Micaiah 's extended prophecy (1 Kings 22:19) is the first detailed depiction of a heavenly throne room in Judaism.
Zechariah's throne room vision
Zechariah 3 depicts a vision of the heavenly throne room where
Eliashib the High Priest. Many Christians consider this a literal event,
[citation needed ] others such as Goulder (1998) view the vision as symbolic of crisis on earth, such as opposition from
Sanballat the Horonite .
[4]
Isaiah
In Isaiah 6 , Isaiah sees the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train (robe) filled the temple. Above the throne stood the Seraphim (angelic beings), and each one had 6 wings. With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they flew. And the Seraphim were calling out to one another, "Holy, Holy, Holy , is the Lord of Hosts" (Some translations title it, 'Lord of heavens armies', or 'Lord Almighty'). Their voices shook the temple to its foundations, and the entire building was filled with smoke.
Wisdom of Solomon
In the apocryphal Book of Wisdom , the prayer offered by Solomon asking God for wisdom calls for him to be "sent from the throne of your glory".[5]
Dead Sea Scrolls
The concept of a heavenly throne occurs in three
Christianity
Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld
God the Father on a throne, Westphalia , Germany, late 15th century.
In the
Grace and many more.
[7] The New Testament continues Jewish identification of heaven itself as the "throne of God",
[8] but also locates the throne of God as "in heaven" and having a secondary seat at the
right hand of God for the
Session of Christ .
[9]
Revelation
The
grace from God, from the seven who are before God's throne, and from Jesus Christ in Heaven. He states that in front of the throne there appears to be "a sea of glass, clear as crystal", and that the throne is surrounded by a lion, an ox, a man, and a flying eagle; each with six wings and covered with eyes, who constantly cry "Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is, and is to come" repeatedly. It is also said that "out of the throne proceeded lightnings and thunderings and voices".
[10]
Islam
Main article:
God’s throne in Islam
Islamic theology, it is the largest of creations.
[19]
Imam Ja‘far Al-Sadiq (‘a) was asked about the following verse: “His ‘Kursiyy’ extends over the heavens and the earth.” (Surah al-Baqarah, 2:255).He said: “‘Kursiyy’ denotes His knowledge and the verse means: ‘His knowledge encompasses the heavens and the earth’.” In another tradition from Imam Ja‘far Al-Sadiq (‘a), we find the following words: “The heavens and the earth are all in His ‘Kursiyy’,3i.e., knowledge. ”Another man came to Imam Ja‘far Al-Sadiq (‘a), asking for the interpretation of “the ‘Arsh’ over the water.” Imam (‘a) asked: “What do they say?” The man said: “They say that Allah’s Throne is over the water, and He is seated over it. ”Imam (‘a) said: “That indeed is a lie! Whoever believes that Allah is contained and carried, compares Him to the creatures! And that which supports or carries must he stronger than Him!” The man was confounded into silence for a while and then asked: “May I be your ransom! Let me learn from you the true meaning. ”Imam (‘a) said: “In various verses of the Qur’an, the word ‘Arsh’ has come in diverse contexts. The meaning in each case is either ‘the kingdom,’ ‘the authority,’ or ‘the knowledge’.” Allah says: “The Lord of Supreme ‘Arsh’.” (Surah al-Taubah, 9:129).Here the grandeur of Allah is represented in ‘Arsh’ which is His Kingdom. In another verse: “Allah, the Gracious compassed the ‘Arsh’.” (Surah Taha, 20:5).The meaning is that His Authority overwhelms His Kingdom. And when Allah says: “His ‘Arsh’ was over the water, He means that water was created before the heavens and the earth, and it was the first creation to submit to Allah.” Actually, Ibn Khuzaimah and his likes have been misled by the word Istawaa which has appeared in the Qur’an together with the ‘Arsh.’ They have construed it literally as “seated” or “stationed.” In the Qur’an, we find six verses where the word has been used. Raghib Isfahani says in his commentary: “Whenever the verb Istawaa is converted into transitive form with ‘Ala,’ it means Isteela - control, appropriation, conquest, power; like in the verse: “God, the Most Gracious, has a total control over the ‘Arsh’.”Similarly, we find the word used in Arabic literature with the same connotation. A poet eulogizes Bushr bin Marwan, the brother of the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik in the following couplet:“Bushr has conquered Iraq without wielding a sword or spilling any blood ....” (Qad Istawaa Alal Iraqi.. .. ) – Sayyid Murtadha al-'Askari
The
Q23:116
:
Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days and then established Himself above the Throne (Arsh), arranging the matter [of His creation]. There is no intercessor except after His permission. That is Allah, your Lord, so worship Him. Then will you not remember? –
Yunus 10:3
And it is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days – and His Throne had been upon water – that He might test you as to which of you is best in deed. But if you say, "Indeed, you are resurrected after death," those who disbelieve will surely say, "This is not but obvious magic." –
Hud 11:7
So Exalted be Allah, the True King – None has the right to be worshipped but He - Lord of the Supreme Throne! –
al-Mu’minoon 23:116
The Quran depicts the angels as carrying the throne of God and praising his glory, similar to Old Testament images.
...those who bear the Throne, and all who are round about it, sing the praises of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who believe. – Quran 40:7
...and you shall see the angels going round about the Throne glorifying the praise of their Lord; and judgment shall be given between them with justice, and it shall be said: all praise is due to God, the Lord of the Worlds. – Quran 39:75
The Paradise,
[21] and that reciting it is a protection from the devil.
[22]
Prophetic hadith also establish that The Throne is above the roof of Al-Firdaus Al-'Ala , the highest level of Paradise where God's closest and most beloved servants in the hereafter shall dwell.[23]
See also
Bibliography
Notes
^ In Seventh Heaven
^ "Ezekiel 1:26 " in the 1901 American Standard Bible .
^ Bowker 2005 , pp. Throne of God entry
^ M. D. Goulder ,The Psalms of the return (book V, Psalms 107–150) 1998, p. 197, "The vision of Joshua and the Accuser in Zechariah 3 seems to be a reflection of such a crisis."
^ Wisdom 9:9 : New Revised Standard Version
^ Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls: N–Z Lawrence H. Schiffman, James C. VanderKam – 2000 "References to heavenly thrones occur in three Dead Sea Scroll texts. In the Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice ... Speculation on the throne of God and its associated creatures becomes an important aspect of Merkavah mysticism"
^ a b Kittel 1966 , pp. 164–166
^ William Barclay, The Gospel of Matthew: Chapters 11–28 p. 340 Matthew 23:22 "And whoever swears by heaven swears by the throne of God and by him who sits upon it."
, Hebrews 8:1 "we have such a high priest, one who is seated at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven")"
^ "Revelations Chapter 4 " in the New Testament .
. pp. 229–231.
^ "Allah's Establishment Over the Throne" . sunnah.org . As-Sunnah Foundation of America . Archived from the original on 31 May 2021.
^ Teymori, Mohammad Ibrahim. "The Creed of Imam Tahawi" (PDF) . Afghan Islamic Cultural Centre in London, United Kingdom . pp. 20–24.
.
^ Yılmaz, Hakkı (14 June 2020). The Division By Division English Interpretation of THE NOBLE QUR'AN in The Order of Revelation . Hakkı Yılmaz. p. 566.
^ Rifai, Sayyid Rami Al (2016). The Light Of Allah In The Heavens and The Earth: The Creation Of The Atom (24:35) and The Physics Of Spirituality . Sunnah Muakada.
.
^ al-Din, Khwajah Kamal (1963). The Islamic Review . Woking Muslim Mission and Literary Trust.
.
^ Book 004, Number 1768: (Sahih Muslim) .
^ Sunnan Nasai'i al Kubra, (6/30), At-Tabarani; Al-Kabeer (8/114) .
^ Saheeh Al Bukhari – Volume 3, Book 38, Number 505 .
^ Saheeh al-Bukhaari (#2581) .
References
. – Total pages: 340
Bowker, John (2005). The concise Oxford dictionary of world religions (2005 ed.). . – Total pages: 702
Kittel, Gerhard (1966). Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, Volumes 3-4 (1966 ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. . – Total pages: 1116
O'Shaughnessy, Thomas J. (December 1973). "God's Throne and the Biblical Symbolism of the Qur'ān". Numen . 20 (3). BRILL: 202–221. .
Pickthalll, Marmaduke; Hanauer, James Edward (1935). Folk-lore of the Holy Land: Moslem, Christian and Jewish (1935 ed.). Forgotten Books. . – Total pages: 280
External links