Thulium(III) chloride

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Thulium(III) chloride
Names
IUPAC name
Thulium(III) chloride
Other names
Thulium chloride, thulium trichloride
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ECHA InfoCard
100.033.535 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 236-904-9
RTECS number
  • XP0525000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/3ClH.Tm/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
  • Cl[Tm](Cl)Cl
Properties
TmCl3
Molar mass 275.292 g/mol
Appearance yellow crystals
Density 3.98 g/cm3
Melting point 824 °C (1,515 °F; 1,097 K)
Boiling point 1,490 °C (2,710 °F; 1,760 K)
heptahydrate: very soluble
Solubility heptahydrate: very soluble in ethanol[1]
Structure
Monoclinic, mS16
C12/m1, No. 12
6[2]
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation
fH298)
-966.6 kJ/mol[3]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Irritant
GHS labelling:[4]
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501
Related compounds
Other anions
Thulium(III) oxide
Other cations
Erbium(III) chloride
Ytterbium(III) chloride
Thulium(II) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Thulium(III) chloride or thulium trichloride is as an inorganic salt composed of

AlCl3) layer structure with octahedral thulium ions.[5] It has been used as a starting material for some exotic nanostructures prepared for NIR photocatalysis.[6][7]

Preparation

Thulium(III) chloride can be obtained by reacting thulium(III) oxide or thulium(III) carbonate and ammonium chloride:[8]

Tm2O3 + 6 NH4Cl → 2 TmCl3 + 6 NH3 + 2 H2O

The hexahydrate of thulium(III) chloride can be obtained by adding thulium(III) oxide to concentrated hydrochloric acid.[1][8]

2 Tm + 6 HCl → 2 TmCl3 + 3 H2

Thulium(III) chloride can also be obtained by directly reacting thulium and chlorine:[9]

2 Tm + 3 Cl2 → 2 TmCl3

Properties

Thulium(III) chloride is a light yellow powder. Its hexahydrate is a light green hygroscopic solid.

monoclinic crystal structure with the space group C2/m (No. 12) corresponding to that of aluminum(III) chloride.[10][8]

Thulium(III) chloride reacts with strong bases to make thulium(III) oxide.

References

  1. ^ a b Spencer, James F. (1919). "The Metals of the Rare Earths". New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. pp. 152. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  2. ^ "Chemistry: Periodic Table: Thulium: compound data (thulium (III) chloride)". WebElements. Archived from the original on 2008-12-01. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  3. ^ Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L. (1995). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 512. . Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  4. ^ "Thulium trichloride". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  5. ^ a b Sigma-Aldrich Co., Thulium(III) chloride hexahydrate, 99.99% trace metals basis.
  6. PMID 27808315
    .
  7. ^ .
  8. ^ Webelements: Thulium
  9. ^ .