Timeline of Chennai
(Redirected from
Timeline of Chennai history
)
This is a timeline of major events in the history of Chennai.
Prehistory
- Around 250,000 BCE: An Old Stone Age settlement thrives on Pallavaram Hill.[1]
- 1000 BCE: Megalithic settlement at Kundrathur.[2]
Before common era
- 300 BCE–300 CE:
- 31 BCE: Politically estimated date of the birth of Valluvar.
1st millennium CE
- 52–70 CE: According to Christian tradition, one of the
- 6th century CE: Parthasarathy Temple is built.[8]
- 7th century CE: Descent of the Ganges (Mamallapuram),[9] Kapaleeshwarar Temple,[10] Tiruvottiyur Thyagaraja Temple,[11] and Marundeeswarar Temple[12]are built.
- 806 CE: Date of the oldest surviving inscription in the city, a mixed Tamil-Sanskrit record of the Pallava king Dantivarmanfound in the Parthasarathi Temple at Triplicane.
- 820 CE: Bhaktavatsala Perumal Temple is built.
- 957–970 CE: Dhenupureeswarar Temple is built.[13][14]
- 900–1200 CE: Chennai forms a part of the Chola Empire. Neighbourhoods to the south of PuzhalKottam.
- 10th century CE: Thiruporur Kandaswamy temple is built.
11th century
- Velveeswarar Templeare built.
12th century
13th century
- 1241: Kundrathur Kandhalheeswarar Temple is built
16th century
- Early 16th century:
- 1516: Church of Our Lady of Light is built.[16]
- 1522: The Portuguese occupy Mylapore and set up a colony which they name São Tomé de Meliapore.[citation needed]
- 1523: Portuguese establish San Thome Church in honour of St. Thomas.[citation needed]
17th century
- 1612: Dutch arrive and capture the region and establish near Pulicat, just north of the city.
- 1626: The Armagon(Dugarazpatnam), a village some 35 miles north of Pulicat, as its site.
- 1637: Pondicherryin order to choose a site for a new settlement.
- 1639: The Fort St. George.
- The population of the Portuguese and Dutch settlers in the region reaches 10,000, although substantially outnumbered by the local population.
- 1640: Francis Day and Andrew Cogan land with 25 Europeans (20 February). Fort St. George is completed (23 April).[18]
- Kalikambal Temple is moved to its present-day location.[19][20]
- 1646: Population of the city recorded as 19,000.[21]
- 1664: First British hospital in the country is started in Fort St. George (16 November); later becomes the Government General Hospital.[22]
- 1668: Triplicane is annexed to the city.[23][24]
- 1669: Population of the city increased to 40,000.[21]
- 1678: Foundation is laid for St. Mary's Church in Fort St. George.
- 1679: St. Mary's Church is completed.
- 1683: First Commercial Bank, The Madras Bank, is founded.[25][26][27]
- 1688: Madras City Municipal Corporation is inaugurated (29 September).[28]
- 1693: Egmore, Purasawalkam and Tondiarpet are annexed to the city.[19]
18th century
- 1701: Emperor
- 1708: Five neighbouring villages of are annexed to the city.
- Wall is built around Black Town.
- 1711: First printing press is erected.[citation needed]
- 1751: East India Company acquires Tondiarpet.[29]
- 1721: Cyclonestrikes (13 and 14 November).
- 1726: St. Thomas Mount, which are still used to reach the summit of the 300-feet hillock.[29]
- 1735: Chintadripet is formed.
- 1742: Vepery, Periamet, Perambur and Pudupakkam are annexed to the city.
- 1744: Robert Clive, who later goes on to become the hero of the Carnatic, works as a writer at Fort St. George.[29]
- 1746: The French Admiral La Bourdonnais capture Fort St George.[29]
- 1749: The French return Madras to the English through the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748).[29]
- 1758: French Commander Lawly sieges Madras.[citation needed]
- 1759: French siege ends.[citation needed]
- 1760: New Black Town is developed over the debris of the old Black Town.[30]
- 1767: Hyder Ali invades the city for the first time.
- 1768: Nawab of Arcot.
- 1769: Hyder Ali invades the city for the second time.
- 1772: General Hospital at Fort St. George moves to its present location.[19]
- Seven Wells Scheme, the city's first organised water supply, is started.[30]
- 1777: Veerappillai is appointed as first Kotthawal, giving rise to the name 'Kotthawal Chavadi'.
- 1783: Fort St. George is repaired and attains the present shape.
- 1784: The first newspaper, Madras Courier, is founded.
- 1785: First post office starts functioning.
- 1786: William Petrie, a member of the Madras Government, builds a private astronomical observatory, the first observatory in the East.[31]
- 1788: Thomas Parry (Chennai merchant) lands in Madras and begins the oldest surviving mercantile name in the city—Parry's.[30]
- 1792: Systematic meteorological observations start, giving birth to the Madras Observatory and later the Regional Meteorological Centre.[31]
- 1794: The Government Survey School, the oldest engineering school outside Europe and now part of the Anna University, commences at Fort St. George.[30]
- American merchant William Abbott is appointed the first American consular agent of the Madras Presidency, marking the first consular presence in the city (24 November).[32]
- 1795: Triplicane Wallajah Mosque is built.[30]
- 1796: First lighthouse, functioning from the roof of the Officer's Mess (now housing the Fort Museum), is build.[33]
- 1798: The area of the city was demarcated as the 69 km2 area surrounding the Fort and contained 16 hamlets within it.[21]
19th century
- 1806: The first segment of the Buckingham canal, a saltwater navigation canal, is constructed.[34]
- 1817: Madras Literary Society is founded.
- 1819: Madras Eye Infirmary, later the Egmore Eye Hospital, is established.[35]
- 1826: Board of Public Instructions is founded.
- 1831: First census in the city is taken (population: 39,785).
- 1832: Madras Club is founded.
- 1834: First survey school is inaugurated; later develops as an engineering college.
- 1835: First medical college is founded (2 February); later becomes Madras Medical College.[36][37]
- 1836: First goods train in the country was operated from Redhills to Chindadripet Bridge.[citation needed]
- 1840: Captain S. O. E. Ludlow begins hourly recording of meteorological observations.[31]
- 1842: Ice House is built, where ice brought from America through ships is stored; later gets renamed as Vivekananda House.[38]
- General Hospital, originally meant only for the English, opens its doors to Indians.[19]
- Higginbotham's, the first book store in the country, is opened.[40]
- 1846: Pachaiappan School is founded; later becomes Pachaiyappa's College.
- 1851: Museum is formed.[41]
- 1854: Zoo is formed.[42]
- Imperial Hotel is opened, which later becomes the Taj Connemara, the oldest functioning hotel in the city.[43]
- 1855: University Board is formed.
- 1856: First Railway line from Arcot is built.[44]
- 1857: University of Madras is founded.[45]
- 1862: First pier is constructed at the harbour.[21]
- 1864–65: Presidency College is built.
- 1868: Attempt begins to protected water supply.
- Further developments at the harbour begin.[21]
- 1869: Napier Bridge was constructed by Francis Napier over the Cooum River.[46]
- 1873: Birth registration begins.
- Madras Mail newspaper is founded.
- Cosmopolitan Club is founded.
- 1874: University Senate House is built.[47]: 341
- 1875: Madras observatory starts issuing daily weather reports.[31]
- Edward VII lays the foundation for the new harbour in the city.[48]
- 1876–78: Great Famine wipes the city.[49]: 361
- The 8-km-stretch of the Cooum rivers is dug.[50]
- The 8-km-stretch of the
- 1878: The Hindu newspaper is founded.[51]
- 1882: First telephone is installed.
- 1885: Marina Beach promenade is built.[52][53]
- 1886: Indian National Congress meets at Madras.
- 1889: High Court Building foundation is laid.
- 1892: High Court Building is inaugurated (July 12).[54]
- 1893: San Thome Church is rebuilt in neo-Gothic style.[55]
- 1894: First car is sold; A. J. Boag, director of Parry & Co, drives the car on city roads.
- 1895: First tram car service is inaugurated.
- 1896: Connemara Public Library is founded.[56]
- 1899: First Tamil newspaper, Swadesamitran, is founded.
- King Institute, Guindy is founded (7 November).[57]
20th century
- 1901: The city, covering an area of about 70 km2, has a population of 540,000.[21]
- 1905: Chennai Port Trustis formed.
- 1906: Indian Bank is founded.
- 1910:
- Giacomo D'Angelis tests the first ever flight in Asia, an indigenous aircraft, in the suburb of Pallavaram, arranged by Simpson & Co. (10 March).[59]
- 1911: Government Royapettah Hospital is established.[60]
- 1914: Water mains and drainage are formed.
- 1915: First commercial regular airmail service between Karachi and Madras by Tata Air Mail commences.[62]
- 1923: The city is expanded to occupy an area of about 80 km2.[21]
- 1924: School of Indian Medicine is founded.
- Radio broadcasting begins (31 July).[63]
- 1925: Loyola College is founded.[64]
- First bus transport begins.
- 1928: Tambaram TB Sanatorium is established (9 April).[65]
- 1930: First broadcasting station is founded at Ripon Buildings complex.
- 1931: Suburban electric train services start (from
- 1934: M. A. Muthiah Chettiar is appointed first mayor of the city.[68]
- 1938: All India Radio is formed and broadcasting from Ripon Buildings ceases.
- Government Stanley Hospitalis established.
- 1942: Second World Warresults in evacuation of Madras.
- 1943: Japanese fighter plane drops bombs on city and disappears.
- Population of the city crosses the million mark.[21]
- 1945: Regional Meteorological Centre is established from the old Madras observatory.[31]
- 1946: Velacherivillage, belonging to Velacheri Panchayat Board, is annexed to the city.
- 1947: Indian national flagis hoisted over Fort. St. George.
- Madras city chosen capital of Madras state
- 1950: Boundary of the city is extended to cover 129 km2 by the inclusion of Saidapet and Sembium[21]
- 1952: Nehru Stadiumis built.
- Integral Coach Factory starts functioning.
- Adyar Cancer Institute is founded.[69]
- 1953: Government Dental College is founded (10 August).
- 1956: Gandhi Mandapam is built.
- 1956: Madras city is made the capital of Tamil Nadu state.
- 1957: Sri Lanka opens its consulate.[70]
- 1959: Guindy Children's Park is inaugurated.
- LIC Building is built.[71]
- 1960: Kilpauk Medical College starts functioning.
- 1961: consulate.[72]
- 1965: Heavy Vehicles Factory is established at Avadi.
- 1966: Japan opens its consulate.[73]
- Stedeford Hospital starts functioning (25 February).[74]
- 1969: First World Tamil Congress is held.
- Madras State was renamed Tamil Nadu, meaning Tamil country.
- 1972: Snake Park is inaugurated.[75]
- Madras Metropolitan Development Authority is formed.
- 1973: Madras Corporationis superseded.
- 1974: Rajaji Mandapam is built.
- Madras Television Centre is founded.
- Taj Coromandel hotel, the first luxury hotel in Chennai, is opened (14 April).[76]
- 1975: Kamaraj Mandapam is built.
- 1976: Valluvar Kottam is built (April).[77]
- 1977: New (present) lighthouse is built (10 January).[33]
- Madras Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewage Board is formed.
- Velacheri, Kodambakkam, Virugambakkam, Saligramam, Koyambedu, Thirumangalam, Villivakkam, Errukancheri, Kolathur and Kodungaiyurpanchayat areas are annexed to the city.
- 1978: Sankara Nethralaya hospital is founded (6 September).
- 1982: Hindu Mission Hospital, Chennai is founded (5 December).[78]
- 1983: Zoo is shifted to Vandalur.[79][80]
- Apollo Hospitals opens the country's first corporate hospital.[81]
- 1985: Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre is established (11 September).
- 1987: Singapore opens its consulate (17 September).[82]
- Madras Medical Mission hospital is established.[83]
- 1988: Periyar Science Park is formed.
- Birla Planetarium is built.
- Madras Corporation's tercentenary is celebrated.
- Decentralisation of administration occurs.
- 10 circles are formed.
- 1990: Sundaram Medical Foundation is established.
- 1995: Australia opens its consulate.[84]
- 1996: City of Madras is renamed as Chennai.
- 1998: Maximum permissible height of tall buildings is raised from 40 m to 60 m.
- 1999: MIOT Hospitalis established.
21st century
- 2002: Intercity bus terminus at George Town gets shifted to Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus (CMBT) at Koyambedu (18 November).[85]
- 2004: Indian Ocean Tsunami wreaks havoc in the city, killing about 206 persons (26 December).[86]
- 2005: consulate.[87]
- 2010: First seawater desalination plant starts functioning at Minjur (25 July).[88]
- 2011: Nine municipalities, 8 town panchayats, and 25 village panchayats are annexed to the city. The city reaches the present stage of 426 km2 from 174 km2.[89]
- 2012: ITC Grand Chola, the largest hotel in South India, is inaugurated (15 September).[90]
- 2013: Second seawater desalination plant starts functioning at Nemmeli (22 February).[91]
- Belgium opens its consulate (28 November)
- 2014: South Korea opens its consulate (7 February)[92]
- 2015: The Chennai Metro starts functioning (29 June).[93]
- The 2015 South Indian floods cause the deaths of hundreds of people and damages worth several billions of dollars.[94]
- The
- 2020: The first Covid 19 case is detected (7 March)
- 2021: World Trade Center starts functioning (September)[95][96]
See also
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References
- Chakravarthy, Pradeep; Ramachandran, Ramesh (16–31 August 2009). "Thiruvalluvar's shrine". Madras Musings. 19 (9).
- Hodgetts, Jim Brayley (2008), Madras Matters At Home in South India, Hodgetts, ISBN 978-1-4357-0887-7
- Kamath, Rina (2000). Chennai. Chennai: Orient Longman Limited. ISBN 978-81-250-1378-5.
- ISBN 978-93-84030-28-5.
- Sajnani, Manohar (2001). Encyclopedia of tourism resources in India, Volume 2. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. ISBN 81-7835-014-9.
- Subburaj, V. (2006). Tourist Guide to Chennai. Chennai: Sura Books. ISBN 81-7478-040-8.
- Waghorne, Joanne Punzo (2004). Diaspora of the Gods: Modern Hindu Temples in an Urban Middle-Class World. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-515663-8.
Further reading
- "History". ChennaiBest.com. Retrieved 19 September 2012.
- "Chennai Historical Timeline". ExploCity. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2012.