Timeline of Lviv
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Lviv, Ukraine.
Prior to 18th century
Historical affiliations
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia c. 1256–1340
Kingdom of Poland 1340–1569
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569–1772
Austrian Empire 1772–1867
Austro-Hungarian Empire1867–1918
West Ukrainian People's Republic 1918
Poland 1918–1939
Soviet Union 1939–1941
Nazi Germany 1941–1944
Soviet Union 1944–1991
Ukraine 1991–present
History of Ukraine |
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Ukraine portal |
- 1256 - Lviv mentioned in the Galician–Volhynian Chronicle.[1]
- 1272 -
- 1340 - Town taken by forces of
- 1356 - City granted Magdeburg rights.[1]
- 1362 - High Castle rebuilt.
- 1363 - Armenian church built.[3]
- 1365 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Lwów established.[4]
- 1370 - Latin Cathedralconstruction begins (approximate date).
- 1387 - 27 September: Petru II of Moldavia paid homage to Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło and Queen Jadwiga of Poland making Moldavia a vassal principality of the Kingdom of Poland.[5]
- 1412 - Catholic see established.[6][3]
- 1434 - City becomes capital of the Polish Ruthenian Voivodeship.[1][3]
- 1480 - Latin Cathedral construction completed.[3]
- 1527 - Lviv fire of 1527 .[2]
- 1550 - Church of St. Onuphriusbuilt.
- 1556 - Arsenal built.
- 1580 - Korniakt Palace built on Market Square.
- 1582 - Karaite synagogue built.[7]
- 1586 - Ukrainian Lviv Dormition Brotherhood established.[1]
- 1589 - Bandinelli Palace built on Market Square.
- 1593 - Printing press in operation.[8]
- 1596 - Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church founded.[3]
- 1609 - Golden Rose Synagogue opens.[7]
- 1618 - Hlyniany Gate built.
- 1626 - City becomes seat of Armenian bishopric.[9]
- 1629 - Dormition Church built.
- 1630 - Bernardine Church and Monastery and Church of St. Mary Magdalene consecrated.
- 1648 - City besieged by Cossacks.[10][3]
- 1655 - City besieged by Cossacks again.[3]
- 1656 - Lwów Oath.
- 1661 - Jesuit Lviv Universityfounded.
- 1672 - Siege of Lviv by Turks.[10][3]
- 1675 - Battle of Lwów (1675).
18th–19th centuries
- 1704 - City besieged by forces of Charles XII of Sweden.[11][3]
- 1762 - Greek Catholic St. George's Cathedral built.
- 1771 - 4th Infantry Regiment of the Polish Crown Army stationed in Lwów.[12]
- 1772 - City annexed by Austria in the First Partition of Poland and made the capital of the newly formed Austrian Galicia[6] under the Germanized name Lemberg.
- 1776 - Population: 29,500.[2]
- 1784
- 1787 - Lychakiv Cemetery established.
- 1788 - Stauropegion Institute founded.
- 1809
- May: 19th Polish Uhlan Regiment formed in Lwów.[13]
- 27 May-19 June: City taken by forces of Józef Poniatowski.[11][14]
- 1810 - Gazeta Lwowska (1810-1939) newspaper begins publication.
- 1817 - Polish Ossolineum founded.[15]
- 1825 - German designated as official administrative language.[2]
- 1829 - Viennese Cafe in business.[16]
- 1835 - Ivan Franko Park gazebo built.[3]
- 1842 - Skarbek Theatreopens.
- 1844 - Technical Academy established.
- 1846 - Tempel Synagogue built.[17]
- 1848
- 2 November: City "bombarded by the Austrians."[10]
- Galician Dawn newspaper begins publication.
- 1850 - Chamber of Commerce founded.[18]
- 1853
- Ignacy Łukasiewicz invents kerosene lamp.
- Street lighting installed.[citation needed]
- 1863 - House of Invalids built.[17]
- 1867
- 7 February: Polish Gymnastic Society "Sokół"founded.
- Pravda newspaper begins publication.[1]
- 7 February:
- 1868 - Prosvita society founded.[19]
- 1870
- 1873 - Shevchenko Scientific Society founded.[19]
- 1877 - Industrial exhibition held.[2]
- 1878 - Government House built.
- 1880 - Dilo newspaper begins publication.[19]
- 1881
- Ridna Shkola Society founded.[1]
- Galician Regional Diet building constructed.[17]
- 1883 - Kurier Lwowski newspaper begins publication.
- 1890 - Population: 128,419.[20]
- 1892 - Lychakivskyi Park laid out.[21]
- 1893 - Grand Hotel built on Svobody Prospect .[21]
- 1894 - Galician Regional Exhibition held.[22]
- 1898
- John III Sobieski Monument erected in Svobody Prospect .[22]
- Literaturno-naukovyi vistnyk literary-scientific journal begins publication.[1]
- 1900
- Grand Theatre built.
- Population: 159,618.[3]
20th century
1900–1939
- 1901 - Hotel George opens.[23]
- 1903
- Lechia Lwów founded as the oldest Polish football club.
- Czarni Lwów founded as the second oldest Polish football club.
- 1904
- Railway station opens.
- Pogoń Lwów founded as the third oldest Polish football club.
- 1905 - Lwow Ecclesiastical Museumestablished.
- 1907 - Galician Music Society building constructed.[17]
- 1908
- 12 April: Politician Andrzej Kazimierz Potocki assassinated.[24]
- Polish History Museum, Lwów established.
- 1909 - Industry and Crafts College built.[17]
- 1911 - Church of Sts. Olha and Elizabeth built.
- 1913 - Magnus department store built on Hospital Street, Lviv .[17]
- 1914
- 1915
- 1918
- 1 November: City becomes capital of the Western Ukrainian People's Republic;[1] Battle of Lemberg (1918) begins.
- 21–23 November: Lwów pogrom (1918).
- November: Poles in power.
- 1920 - July–September: Battle of Lwów (1920).
- 1923 - City confirmed as part of Poland per Conference of Ambassadors.[1]
- 1924 - Polish Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów established.[citation needed]
- 1925 - Beis Aharon V'Yisrael Synagoguebuilt.
- 1929 - Members of the Lwów School of Mathematics, Stefan Banach and Hugo Steinhaus, establish Studia Mathematica journal.
- 1930 - Area of city: 66 square kilometers.[2]
- 1936
- April 14 - demonstration of unemployed people shot by Polish police. Killed 1 worker V. Kozak.
- April 16 - funeral of the killed worker Kozak, police fights against workers. 46 people killed.
- 1937 - Academy of Foreign Trade in Lwów established.
World War II (1939–1945)
- 1939
- 12 September: German forces attack the city. Battle of Lwów (1939) begins.[25][6]
- 18 September: Soviet forces join the German siege of the city.[25]
- 22 September: End of the Battle of Lwów.[6] Soviet occupation begins.
- September: Polish resistance movement established in the city.[26]
- The Soviets carried out deportations of captured Polish POWs to the USSR, mostly to Starobilsk.[25]
- October: Czerwony Sztandar Polish-language communist newspaper begins publication.
- November: City annexed into Soviet Ukraine, and made capital of the newly formed Lviv Oblast.[2]
- 1940
- General
- April–May: Many Polish defenders of the city murdered in the Katyn massacre by the Soviets.[25]
- 19–20 November: The Soviets sentenced 14 leaders of the local branch of the Union of Armed Struggle Polish resistance organization to death.[26]
- Union of Soviet Architects branch and Ukrainian State Institute of Urban Planning branch organized.[28]
- 1941
- 24 February: 13 leaders of the Union of Armed Struggle executed by the Soviets following their sentencing in November 1940.[26]
- 22–30 June: Battle of Lwów (1941).
- 30 June: German occupation begins.[6]
- June–July: Lviv pogroms (1941).
- July: Massacre of Lwów professors.
- 26 July: Execution of pre-war Prime Minister of Poland Kazimierz Bartel by the Germans.
- 1 August: City made capital of the newly formed District of Galicia within the General Government of occupied Poland.
- 3 August: Stalag 328 prisoner-of-war camp established by the Germans.[29]
- September: Janowska concentration camp begins operating.
- 8 November: Lwów Ghetto is established.
- 1942 - Local branch of the Żegota underground Polish resistance organization established to rescue Jews from the Holocaust.[30]
- 1943
- 1944
- 1 February: Stalag 328 POW camp converted into the Oflag 76 POW camp for officers.[31]
- 9 May: Oflag 76 POW camp dissolved.[31]
- 23–27 July: Polish Lwów Uprising against German occupation.
- 27 July: German occupation ends; city re-occupied by the Soviet Union.[6]
- December: Expulsion of Poles from Lviv begins.[32]
- Central State Historical Archive of the Ukrainian SSR in Lviv established.[33]
- 1945 - City annexed from Poland by the Soviet Union, and renamed to Lviv.
1945–2000
- 1945 – Lviv Bus Factory built.
- 1952
- Lenin statue erected.[21][28]
- Hill of Glory monument[32] and Bohdan Khmelnytsky Culture and Recreation Park built.[28]
- 1957 - Ukrzakhidproektrestavratsia Institute established.[34]
- 1958 - Polish People's Theatre established.[32]
- 1963
- Football Club Karpaty Lviv formed.
- Ukraina Stadium opens.
- 1965 - Population: 496,000.[35]
- 1966 - Pharmacy Museum opens.
- 1970
- 1979 - Population: 665,065.[37]
- 1985 - Population: 742,000.[38]
- 1987
- 1989
- Dead Rooster musical group formed.
- Population: 786,903.[37]
- 1990
- Vyvykh festival festival begins.
- Vasyl Shpitser becomes mayor.
- Gazeta Lwowska Polish-language magazine begins publication.
- Russian Cultural Centre opens.
- Area of city: 90 square kilometers.[2]
- 1991
- City becomes part of independent Ukraine.[2]
- Chervona Ruta (festival) of music held.
- Lviv Physics and Mathematics Lyceum founded.
- 1992
- September: Chrysler Imperial rock opera performed.[40]
- Ekspresnewspaper begins publication.
- Austrian Library opens.[34]
- Radio Lwów begins broadcasting.
- 1993 - Znesinnia Regional Landscape Park established.
- 1994 - Vasyl Kuybida becomes mayor.
- 1996 - Lviv Suburban railway station built.
- 1998 - Old Town (Lviv) designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
21st century
- 2001 - Population: 725,202.[37]
- 2002
- 27 July: Air show disaster occurs near city.
- Ukrainian Catholic University established.[34]
- 2004 - Center for Urban History of East Central Europe founded.[1]
- 2006 - Andriy Sadovyi becomes mayor.
- 2008 - Etnovyr folklore festival and Wiz-Art film festival begin.
- 2009 - Pogoń Lwów football club re-established.
- 2011 - Arena Lviv opens.
- 2012 - June: Some UEFA Euro 2012 football games played in Lviv.
- 2014
- January: 2014 Euromaidan regional state administration occupation.[41]
- February: 2014 Ukrainian revolution.
- 2018 - Population: 720,105 (estimate).[42]
- 2022 - Russian missile attack on the city.
See also
- History of Lviv
- Other names of Lviv(Lemberg, Lwów, etc.)
- List of mayors of Lviv
References
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8108-7847-1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Hrytsak 2000.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Britannica 1910.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Ukraine". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ "Kalendarz dat: 1387". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- ^ OL 5812502M
- ^ Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the originalon 9 October 2014.
- ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. H. Grevel & Co.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
- ^ a b c d Ripley 1879.
- ^ a b c d Townsend 1877.
- ^ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. p. 27.
- ^ Gembarzewski, p. 62
- ^ Die Stadt Lemberg im Jahre 1809 [Lemberg in 1809] (in German). Lviv: Schnellpresse des Stauropigian-Instituts. 1862.
- ISBN 978-0-8020-8486-6.
- ISBN 978-0-8047-7429-1.
- ^ a b c d e f Purchla 2000.
- ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8108-7847-1.
- ^ Chambers 1901.
- ^ a b c "Lviv Interactive". Lviv: Center for Urban History of East Central Europe. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ a b Prokopovych 2009.
- ^ "Lviv's, and a Family's, Stories in Architecture", New York Times, 17 October 2013
- – via Hathi Trust
- ^ ISBN 978-83-8098-706-7.
- ^ a b c Agresja sowiecka na Polskę i okupacja wschodnich terenów Rzeczypospolitej 1939–1941, p. 15
- ^ Agresja sowiecka na Polskę i okupacja wschodnich terenów Rzeczypospolitej 1939–1941, p. 38
- ^ a b c Tscherkes 2000.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
- ^ Datner, Szymon (1968). Las sprawiedliwych (in Polish). Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza. p. 69.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
- ^ a b c Risch 2011.
- )
- ^ a b c "Links". Lviv: Center for Urban History of East Central Europe. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
Lvov
- ^ a b Bohdan Yasinsky (ed.). "Place of Publication Index: Lviv". Independent Press in Ukraine, 1988-1992. USA: Library of Congress. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ a b c d Lozinski 2005.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Kenney 2000.
- JSTOR 41036642.
- ^ "A Ukraine City Spins Beyond the Government's Reach", New York Times, 15 February 2014
- ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2020, United Nations
- This article incorporates information from the Ukrainian Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, and Russian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in the 19th century
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Lemberg",
- John Ramsay McCulloch (1851). "Lemberg". A Dictionary, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans.
- Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Lemberg". Geography. Vol. 2. London. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802.)
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Lemberg", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London:
- hdl:2027/hvd.hn585q.
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 14 (9th ed.). 1882. p. 435. .
- OCLC 8395555
- Published in the 20th century
- "Lemberg",
- "Lemberg". Handbook for Travellers in South Germany and Austria (15th ed.). London: J. Murray. 1903.
- A.S. Waldstein (1907), "Lemberg", hdl:2027/osu.32435029752888)
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 409–410. .
- S. Vailhe (1910). "Lemberg". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Lemberg". Austria-Hungary (11th ed.). Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1911.
- Bohdan Janusz (1922). Przewodnik po Lwowie [Guide to Lwow] (in Polish). Lviv: Wszechświat.
- Rosa Bailly (1956), A City Fights for Freedom: The Rising of Lwów in 1918-1919, London: Publishing Committee Leopolis
- JSTOR 41036821.
- JSTOR 41036810.
- JSTOR 41036820.
- JSTOR 41036813.
- Bohdan Tscherkes; Nicholas Sawicki (2000). "Stalinist Visions for the Urban Transformation of Lviv, 1939–1955". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 24: 205–222. JSTOR 41036816.
- Published in 21st century
- Роман Лозинський (Roman Lozinski) (2005), Етнічний склад населення Львова (у контексті суспільного розвитку Галичини) [Ethnic composition of the city (in the context of social development Galicia)] (PDF) (in Ukrainian), Lviv: Ivan Franko National University of L'viv)
- Heidi Hein (2006). Christian Emden; et al. (eds.). Idea of Lviv as a Bulwark against the East. Peter Lang. p. 321. )
- Markian Prokopovych (2009). Habsburg Lemberg: Architecture, Public Space, and Politics in the Galician Capital, 1772-1914. Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-510-8.
- William Jay Risch (2011). Ukrainian West: Culture and the Fate of Empire in Soviet Lviv. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-05001-3.
- Tarik Cyril Amar (2015). The Paradox of Ukrainian Lviv. A Borderland City between Nazis, Stalinists, and Nationalists. Cornell University. ISBN 978-0-8014-5391-5.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lviv.
- Europeana. Items related to Lviv, various dates.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Lviv, various dates