Timeline of feminism

The following is a timeline of the history of feminism.

18th century

• 1700: A Serious Proposal to the Ladies for the Advancement of Their True and Greatest Interest and Some Reflections on Marriage published by Mary Astell.
• 1791: Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen published by Olympe de Gouges.
• 1792: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman published by Mary Wollstonecraft.
• 1793: Society of Revolutionary Republican Women is founded in France.

19th century

• First-wave feminism was a period of feminist activity and thought that occurred within the 19th and early 20th century throughout the world. It focused on legal issues, primarily on gaining women's suffrage (the right to vote).
• 1854: “A Brief Summary in Plain Language of the Most Important Laws Concerning Women”, published by Barbara Bodichon.
• 1869: The Subjection of Women published by John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor Mill.
• 1872: Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States published by Susan B. Anthony.

1910s

• 1911: The Man-made world published by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.
• 1913 British suffragette Emily Davison ran in front of the king's horse and died at the Epsom Derby race.
• 1919: The Wages of Men and Women: Should They be Equal? published by Beatrice Webb.

1920s

• 1929: A Room of One's Own by Virginia Woolf published.

1940s

• 1949: The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir published.

1960s

• 1963: The Feminine Mystique was published; it is a book written by Betty Friedan which is widely credited with starting the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States.^[1][2] Second-wave feminism was a period of feminist activity and thought that began in the early 1960s in the United States, and spread throughout the Western world and beyond. In the United States the movement lasted through the early 1980s.^[3]
• Black feminism became popular in response to the sexism of the civil rights movement and racism of the feminist movement.
• non-binary feminine person.^[4]
• male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic contexts.^[6] That said, radical feminists also recognize that women's experiences differ according to other divisions in society such as race and sexual orientation.^[7][8]
• 1967: "The Discontent of Women", by Joke Kool-Smits, was published;^[9] the publication of this essay is often regarded as the start of second-wave feminism in the Netherlands.^[10] In this essay, Smit describes the frustration of married women, saying they are fed up being solely mothers and housewives.
• 1969:
  Chicano movement and eventually, MEChA. At the conference, women began to get involved in the male-dominated dialogue to address feminist concerns. After the conference, women returned to their communities as activists and thus began the Chicana feminist movement.^[11]

• In its modern form, the
  divorce in Jewish religious courts.^[12]
• In the 1970s, French feminist theorists approached feminism with the concept of écriture féminine (which translates as female, or feminine writing).^[13]
• The term materialist feminism emerged in the late 1970s; materialist feminism highlights capitalism and patriarchy as central in understanding women's oppression. Under materialist feminism, gender is seen as a social construct, and society forces gender roles, such as bearing children, onto women. Materialist feminism's ideal vision is a society in which women are treated socially and economically the same as men. The theory centers on social change rather than seeking transformation within the capitalist system.^[14]

1980s

• The
  English-language lesbian separatism. Inspired by the writings of philosopher Monique Wittig,^[15] the movement originated in France in the early 1980s, spreading soon after to the Canadian province of Quebec
  .
• In Turkey^[16] and Israel,^[17] second-wave feminism began in the 1980s.
• Difference feminism was developed by feminists in the 1980s, in part as a reaction to popular liberal feminism (also known as "equality feminism"), which emphasizes the similarities between women and men in order to argue for equal treatment for women. Difference feminism, although it is still aimed at equality between men and women, emphasizes the differences between men and women and argues that identicality or sameness are not necessary in order for men and women, and masculine and feminine values, to be treated equally.^[18] Liberal feminism aims to make society and law gender-neutral, since it sees recognition of gender difference as a barrier to rights and participation within liberal democracy, while difference feminism holds that gender-neutrality harms women "whether by impelling them to imitate men, by depriving society of their distinctive contributions, or by letting them participate in society only on terms that favor men".^[19]
• libertarian feminism.^[21][22]

• The Beauty Myth by Naomi Wolf published.
• Ms. Magazine, "Becoming the Third Wave" (1992), which coined the term third wave: "Do not vote for them unless they work for us. Do not have sex with them, do not break bread with them, do not nurture them if they don't prioritize our freedom to control our bodies and our lives. I am not a post-feminism feminist. I am the Third Wave."^[24][25] The third wave focused on abolishing gender-role stereotypes and expanding feminism to include women of all races, classes and cultures.^[26][27]

• empowerment of women^[28] and the use of internet tools,^[29] and is centered on intersectionality.^[30]

• Timeline of feminism in the United States

References