Timeline of transgender history

Extended-protected article
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The following is a timeline of transgender history. Transgender history dates back to the first recorded instances of transgender individuals in ancient civilizations. However, the word transgenderism did not exist until 1965 when coined by psychiatrist John F. Oliven of Columbia University in his 1965 reference work Sexual Hygiene and Pathology;[1] the timeline includes events and personalities that may be viewed as transgender in the broadest sense, including third gender and other gender-variant behavior, including ancient or modern precursors from the historical record.

Before the Common Era

  • c. 7,000 BCE – c. 1700 BCE – Among the sexual depictions in Neolithic and Bronze Age drawings and figurines from the Mediterranean are, as one author describes it, a "third sex" human figure having female breasts and male genitals or without distinguishing sex characteristics. In Neolithic Italy, female images are found in a domestic context, while images that combine sexual characteristics appear in burials or religious settings. In Neolithic Greece and Cyprus, figures are often dual-sexed or without identifying sexual characteristics.[2]
  • c. 2900 BCE – c. 2500 BCE – A burial of a suburb of Prague, Czech Republic, a male is buried in the outfit usually reserved for women. Archaeologists speculate that the burial corresponds to a transgender person or someone of the third sex.[3]
  • c. 400 BCE – Ancient Greek physician
    Scythian priests and healers; "there are many eunuchs among the Scythians, who perform female work, and speak like women".[4][5] The enarei are also mentioned around the same time in Herodotus' work Histories; "the Scythians who plundered the temple were punished by the goddess with the female sickness, which still attaches to their posterity. They themselves confess that they are afflicted with the disease for this reason, and travellers who visit Scythia can see what sort of a disease it is. Those who suffer from it are called Enarees".[6]

First millennium (1–1000)

1001–1900

  • c. 1322 – Kalonymus ben Kalonymus composes a poem for Even Boḥan, a Jewish ethical treatise. The poem expresses discontent with having been born male instead of female.[19][20] The poem, which was traditionally interpreted as a piece of satire, has sometimes been reinterpreted as a genuine expression of gender dysphoria.[21][22]
  • 1347 – Rolandino Roncaglia is tried for sodomy, an event that caused a sensation in Italy. He confessed he "had never had sexual intercourse, neither with his wife nor with any other woman, because he had never felt any carnal appetite, nor could he ever have an erection of his virile member". After his wife died of plague, Rolandino started to prostitute himself, wearing female dresses because "since he has female look, voice and movements – although he does not have a female orifice, but has a male member and testicles – many persons considered him to be a woman because of his appearance".[23]
  • 1395 –
    prostitute working mainly in London (near Cheapside), but also active in Oxford. He was arrested in 1395 for cross-dressing
    and interrogated.
  • 1498  – A Moor in Rome, who was likely a trans woman, was executed for transvestism on April 7 this year, wearing "(her) usual women's clothes … (she) was placed on a bundle of wood and strangled at the column of the gallows" and subsequently burned.[24]
  • 1537 – An unnamed woman was executed for wearing male clothing near Basel.[25]
  • 1542 – Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca documents same sex marriages and men "who dress like women and perform the office of women, but use the bow and carry big loads" among a Native American tribe in his publication, The Journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and His Companions from Florida to the Pacific 1528–1536.
  • 1561 – Process of Wojciech z Poznania, who married Sebastian Słodownik, and lived with him for two years in Poznań. Both had female partners. On his return to Kraków, he married Wawrzyniec Włoszek. Wojciech, considered in public opinion as a woman, was burned for 'crimes against nature'.[26]
Execution of Barbara Brunner in Lenzburg, 1586
  • 1586 – Barbara Brunner of Kusnacht, living in Lenzburg, was discovered to "be male under (her) clothes" and is burned at the stake on May 28 that year; a man was also burned for sodomy the same day between Lenzburg and Aarau, but it is unknown if the two executions were related. The executions were recorded in the chronicles of Johann Jakob Wick.[27]
  • 1629 – Thomas(ine) Hall is ordered by the Quarter Court of Jamestown, Virginia to wear a combination of male and female attire after a series of incidents led to Hall submitting to physical examination and the Court determining Hall to have a "dual nature" gender; it is likely that Hall was intersex as well as non-binary.
  • 1776 – After recovering from a fever, a preacher in New England claimed to have died and started calling themselves the "Public Universal Friend" eschewing use of gendered pronouns and identification as either male or female.
  • 1777 – The Chevalier d'Éon, an androgynous French courtier and spy of disputed gender identity, agrees with a request by French authorities to live and present as a woman.
  • 1781 – Jens Andersson of Norway, assigned female at birth but identifying as male, was imprisoned and put on trial after marrying Anne Kristine Mortensdotter in a Lutheran church. When asked about his gender, the response was "Hand troer at kunde henhøre til begge Deele" ("He believes he belongs to both").[28]
  • 1836 –
    Mary Jones
    , a transgender African-American sex worker, is placed on trial in New York City after allegedly pickpocketing a client. The case received significant press attention, and she was depicted in a published lithograph entitled "the Man-Monster".
  • 1871 – The hijra (a term used in South Asia to refer to eunuchs, intersex, or transgender people) are defined by the colonial authorities of the British Raj as a "criminal tribe" alongside various other social groups following the enactment of the Criminal Tribes Act, imposing state surveillance and restrictions on free movement.
  • 1876 –
    Memphis riots of 1866 amid the Reconstruction era in the former Confederate States of America
    , is arrested for "being a man dressed in women's clothing".
  • 1895 –
    The Countess
    , a French transgender courtesan and singer, published her autobiography The Secret Confessions of a Parisian: The Countess, 1850-1871.
  • 1895 – The Cercle Hermaphroditos, the earliest known transgender organization in the United States, was reportedly founded in this year according to Jennie June.

20th century

First half

1950s

  • 1950s  – Rina Natan becomes the first known transsexual woman in Israel to undergo sex reassignment surgery. The surgery was conducted as an emergency operation after she attempted to perform it on herself; This came after her unsuccessful campaign to change Israeli policy to allow for sex reassignment surgeries. After the incident, the Israeli government did change its policy.[39]
  • 1952 – David Oliver Cauldwell uses the term "trans-sexual" in English (in its modern meaning) based on an earlier German term, having introduced "transsexualism" in 1949.[40][41]
  • 1952 – Christine Jorgensen becomes the first widely publicized person to have undergone sex reassignment surgery, in this case male to female, creating a world-wide sensation.[42]
  • 1953
    • Glen or Glenda, an American film featuring transgender surgery and transvestism, is released. A promotional poster for the film advertised that it would include a character that had changed sex.[43][42]
    • Danish endocrinologist Christian Hamburger publishes one of the earliest reports on hormone therapy in transgender women,[44] effective pharmaceutical female sex-hormonal medications having been available since the 1920s and 1930s.[45]
  • 1954 – The gender transition of Roberta Cowell, a British pilot during World War II, is reported internationally by the Associated Press. She also appeared that month on the cover of Picture Post, a then-popular magazine in the United Kingdom.[46][47]
  • 1957 – The term "Transsexual" is used by U.S. physician Harry Benjamin in a public lecture.[48]
  • 1959 – The Cooper Do-nuts Riot occurs at Cooper's Do-nuts in Los Angeles, US; rioters were arrested by LAPD.[49] Transgender women, lesbian women, drag queens, and gay men riot, one of the first LGBT uprisings in the US.[50] It is viewed by some historians as the first modern LGBT uprising in the United States.

1960s

  • 1965 – The term transgenderism is coined by psychiatrist John F. Oliven of Columbia University in his 1965 reference work Sexual Hygiene and Pathology.[51][52][53][1]
  • 1966 – The
    Stonewall Riots
    in New York City by three years.
  • 1968 – According to the online encyclopedia glbtq.com, "In the aftermath of the riot at Compton's, a network of transgender social, psychological, and medical support services was established, which culminated in 1968 with the creation of the National Transsexual Counseling Unit [NTCU], the first such peer-run support and advocacy organization in the world".[54]
  • 1969

1970s

  • 1970
  • c. 1970 – 1973  – "There are as many sexes as there are people" was a popular slogan in London's Gay Liberation Front (GLF) during this time; It relates to both cross-dressers and transsexuals.[57][58] A subgroup called the "Transvestite, Transsexual and Drag Queen Group" was also formed within the GLF.[59]
  • 1972 – Sweden becomes the first country in the world to allow transgender people to legally change their sex, and provides free hormone therapy;[60]
  • 1974
  • 1975
    • Minneapolis becomes the first city in the United States to pass trans-inclusive civil rights protection legislation.[63]
  • 1976

1980s

1990s

  • 1992 – Althea Garrison was elected as the first transgender state legislator in America, and served one term in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. It was not publicly known that she was transgender when she was elected.[67]
  • 1993 – US state of Minnesota enacts gender identity anti-discrimination legislation.
  • 1995 – The Human Rights Campaign drops the word "Fund" from their title and broadens their mission to promote "an America where gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people are ensured equality and embraced as full members of the American family at home, at work and in every community;"
  • 1998
  • 1999 – The
    Allston, Massachusetts.[72] Since its inception, TDoR has been held annually on 20 November,[73] and it has slowly evolved from the web
    -based project started by Smith into an international day of action.

2000s

2000

2001

2002

2003

  • Reuben Zellman became the first openly transgender person accepted to the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, where he was ordained in 2010.[78][79][80]
  • The Committee on Jewish Law and Standards approved a rabbinic ruling that concluded that sex reassignment surgery (SRS) is permissible as a treatment of gender dysphoria, and that a transgender person's sex status under Jewish law is changed by SRS.[81]
  • Legal recognition of indeterminate gender: Alex MacFarlane became the first person reported to obtain a birth certificate and passport, in Australia, showing indeterminate gender.
  • Jennifer Finney Boylan's autobiography, She's Not There: A Life in Two Genders, was the first book by an openly transgender American to become a bestseller.[82] Preceded by Conundrum, by Jan Morris in 1974.[62]

2004

  • The first all-transgender performance of
    The Vagina Monologues was held. The monologues were read by eighteen notable transgender women, and a new monologue revolving around the experiences and struggles of transgender women was included.[83]
  • Luna, by Julie Anne Peters, was published, and was the first young-adult novel with a transgender character to be released by a mainstream publisher.[84]

2005

  • The first European Transgender Council Meeting was held in Vienna.[85]
In 2006 Kim Coco Iwamoto became the first transgender official to win statewide office in Hawaii.

2006

2007

2008

  • Silverton, Oregon elected Stu Rasmussen as the first openly transgender mayor in America.[95][96]
  • Aqui y Ahora
    " television show on 1 November 2009.
  • The first ever U.S. Congressional hearing on discrimination against transgender people in the workplace was held, by the House Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions.[98]

2009

  • The International Transgender Day of Visibility was founded by Michigan-based transgender activist[99] Rachel Crandall in 2009[100] as a reaction to the lack of LGBT holidays celebrating transgender people, citing the frustration that the only well-known transgender-centered holiday was the Transgender Day of Remembrance which mourned the loss of transgender people to hate crimes, but did not acknowledge and celebrate living members of the transgender community.
  • Diego Sanchez became the first openly transgender person to work on Capitol Hill; he was hired as a legislative assistant for Barney Frank.[101] Sanchez was also the first transgender person on the Democratic National Committee's (DNC) Platform Committee in 2008.[102][103]
  • Barbra "Babs" Siperstein was nominated and confirmed as an at-large member of the Democratic National Committee, becoming its first openly transgender member.[104]
  • In May 2009, the government of France declared that a transsexual gender identity would no longer be classified as a psychiatric condition,[105] but according to French trans rights organizations, beyond the impact of the announcement itself, nothing changed.[106]

2010s

2010

2011

  • Dancing with the Stars in 2011. This was the first time an openly transgender man starred on a major network television show for something unrelated to being transgender.[120]
  • Harmony Santana became the first openly transgender actress to receive a major acting award nomination; she was nominated by the Independent Spirit Awards as Best Supporting Actress for the movie Gun Hill Road.[120]
  • Jaiyah "Johnny" Saelua became the first openly transgender international footballer to play in the World Cup when she took the field for American Samoa in Oceania's first round of World Cup qualifiers for Brazil 2014.[121]

2012

  • Anti-discrimination legislation for gender identity: Chile, Canadian province of Manitoba
  • Anti- discrimination legislation for gender expression: Ontario
  • The U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development's Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity issued a regulation to prohibit LGBT discrimination in federally assisted housing programs. The new regulations ensure that the Department's core housing programs are open to all eligible persons, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity.
  • Emily Aviva Kapor, an American rabbi who had been ordained privately by a "Conservadox" rabbi in 2005, began living as a woman in 2012, thus becoming the first openly transgender female rabbi.[122]
  • Rainbow Jews, an oral history project showcasing the lives of Jewish bisexual, lesbian, gay, and transgender people in the United Kingdom from the 1950s until the present, was launched.[123] It is the United Kingdom's first archive of Jewish bisexual, lesbian, gay, and transgender history.[124]
  • Stacie Laughton became the first openly transgender person elected to any American state legislature when she won a seat in the New Hampshire House of Representatives.[125] However, she resigned from the New Hampshire state legislature before she took office, after it was revealed that she had served four months in Belknap County House of Corrections following a 2008 credit card fraud conviction.[126][127]
  • San Francisco voted to become the first U.S. city to provide and cover the cost of sex reassignment surgeries for uninsured transgender residents.[128]

2013

  • Anti-discrimination legislation for gender identity: Cyprus, Puerto Rico, US state of Delaware
  • Anti-discrimination legislation for gender expression: Canadian provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island
  • Nikki Sinclaire came out as transgender, thus becoming the United Kingdom's first openly transgender Parliamentarian.[129]
  • The first United Nations ministerial meeting on the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals was held.[130]
  • Fallon Fox came out as transgender, thus becoming the first openly transgender athlete in mixed martial arts history.[131]
  • Philadelphia passed one of the most comprehensive transgender rights bills on the city level, which addresses transgender bathroom use and city employee healthcare, making it the first city on the east coast to provide transition related healthcare to its city employees.[132]
  • Outserve declared, "To our knowledge, this is the first time that the Department of Defense has recognized and affirmed a change of gender for anyone affiliated, in a uniformed capacity—in this case a military retiree."[133]
  • For the first time, the California Department of Education's list of recommended books for grades Pre-K-through-12 included a book with a transgender theme, I Am J by Cris Beam.[135]
  • California enacted America's first law protecting transgender students. The School Success and Opportunity Act extends gender identity and gender expression discrimination protection to transgender and gender-nonconforming K-12 students in public schools[136]
  • Jennifer Pritzker came out as transgender in 2013 and thus became the world's first openly transgender billionaire.[137]
  • A six-year-old girl named Luana, who was assigned male at birth, became the first transgender child in Argentina to have her new name officially changed on her identity documents.[138] She is believed to be the youngest to benefit from the country's new Gender Identity Law, which was approved in May 2012.[138]
  • Jennifer Finney Boylan was chosen as the first openly transgender co-chair of GLAAD's National Board of Directors.[139]
  • On 31 October 2013
    Question Time programme, drawing praise from commentators who included former Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott and the Labour Party deputy leader Harriet Harman.[140]
  • Stephen Alexander, of Rhode Island, became the first high school coach to come out publicly as transgender.[141]
  • On 1 November Audrey Gauthier was elected president of CUPE 4041, representing Air Transat flight attendants based in Montreal.[142] She thus became the first openly transgender person elected president of a union local in Canada.[142]
  • Q Radio, which went on the airwaves in September, claims to be India's first radio station which caters to the country's lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender people.[143]
  • San Francisco's first Project Homeless Connect for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people was held.[144]
  • The diagnostic label gender identity disorder (GID) was used until 2013's release of the diagnostic manual
    stigma associated with the term disorder.[145] The DSM-5 also moved this diagnosis out of the sexual disorders category and into a category of its own.[146]

2014

2015

No date
  • Anti-discrimination law for gender identity and gender expression: Canadian province of Alberta.
January
  • Madhu Kinnar became India's first openly transgender person to be elected mayor; she was elected mayor of Chhattisgarh's Raigarh Municipal Corporation.[187]
  • Zoey Tur joined Inside Edition as a Special Correspondent during February, thus becoming the first openly transgender television reporter on national TV in America.[188][189]
February
  • Pennsylvania State Representative Mark B. Cohen introduced the first transgender rights bills in Pennsylvania's history.[190]
March
  • The inaugural White House Trans Women Of Color Women's History Month Briefing was held.[191]
  • The U.S. Justice Department announced that it had filed its first civil lawsuit on behalf of a transgender person (Rachel Tudor); the lawsuit was United States of America v. Southeastern Oklahoma State University and the Regional University System of Oklahoma, filed in federal court in that state.[192]
April
  • In a first for the state, California's Department of Corrections was ordered by a federal judge to grant a transgender prisoner (Michelle-Lael Norsworthy) access to gender-affirming surgery.[193]
  • Andreja Pejic became the first openly transgender model profiled by Vogue, in its May 2015 issue.[194]
  • Laverne Cox (among others) posed nude for the Allure annual "Nudes" issue, becoming the first openly transgender actress to do so.[195] She also became the first openly transgender person to have a wax figure of herself at Madame Tussauds.[196] She also won a Daytime Emmy Award in Outstanding Special Class Special as Executive Producer for Laverne Cox Presents: The T Word.[197][198] This made her the first openly transgender woman to win a Daytime Emmy as an Executive Producer; as well, The T Word is the first trans documentary to win a Daytime Emmy.[197]
  • Scott Turner Schofield became the first openly transgender actor to play a major role on daytime television, as the character Nick on the show The Bold and the Beautiful.[199] On the same show, the character Maya Avant (played by Karla Mosley) became the first transgender bride to be married on daytime television when she married Rick Forrester (played by Jacob Young).[200]
  • Maka Brown, an 18-year-old senior at the Salt Lake School for Performing Arts, was crowned Utah's first openly transgender prom queen.[201]
May
  • When President Obama declared May to be National Foster Care Month in 2015, he became the first president to explicitly say gender identity should not prevent anyone from adopting or becoming a foster parent.[202]
  • Hasidic community, and is a direct descendant of Hasidic Judaism's founder the Baal Shem Tov.[204]
June
  • Loiza Lamers won "Holland's Next Top Model", making her the first openly transgender winner of the "Top Model" franchise.[205]
  • Philadelphia flew the
    transgender pride flag above City Hall for the first time.[206]
  • Caitlyn Jenner became the first openly transgender woman on the cover of Vanity Fair.[207]
  • Chris Mosier became the first known out trans athlete to join a U.S. national team that matched his gender identity, rather than the gender assigned him at birth, when he won a spot on Team USA in the men's sprint duathalon.[208]
  • Manabi Bandopadhyay, India's first openly transgender college principal, began work; she worked as the principal of the Krishnagar Women's College in Nadia district.[209]
  • Breanna Sinclairé became the first openly transgender person to sing the national anthem at a professional sporting event, which she did at a Major League Baseball game.[210]
  • Audrey Middleton became the U.S. television show Big Brother's first openly transgender houseguest.[211]
July
August
  • Schools In Transition: A Guide for Supporting Transgender Students in K-12 Schools was introduced; it is a first-of-its-kind publication for school administrations, teachers, and parents about how to provide safe and supportive environments for all transgender students in kindergarten through twelfth grade.[214]
  • Hari Nef became the first openly transgender model signed to IMG.[215]
  • President Obama appointed Raffi Freedman-Gurspan to serve as an Outreach and Recruitment Director in the Presidential Personnel Office, making her the first openly transgender appointee to work inside the White House.[216]
  • The (American) Department of Veterans Affairs opened its first clinic for transgender service members.[217]
September
  • Andrew Guy became Australia's first openly transgender TV host, as a guest presenter on The Project.[218]
  • Nepal adopted its first democratic constitution, which is the first in Asia to specifically protect the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities.[219]
October
  • The first Oscar campaigns for openly transgender actresses supported by a movie producer were launched for actresses Kitana Kiki Rodriguez and Mya Taylor of the movie Tangerine.[220]
  • EastEnders chose Riley Carter Millington as the first openly transgender actor in UK TV soap history; he played 'Kyle', a man who has transitioned from female to male, which Riley did in real life.[221] Shortly after, Hollyoaks cast transgender actress Annie Wallace.[222]
  • A transgender man's phalloplasty became the first ever seen on camera, in the Channel 4 documentary Girls to Men.[223]
November
  • The first U.S. congressional forum on anti-transgender violence was held.[224]
December
  • Mya Taylor won the Gotham Award for Breakthrough Actor, making her the first openly transgender actress to win a Gotham award.[225]
  • Tamara Adrian was elected to the
    Venezuelan National Assembly, thus becoming the first openly transgender Venezuelan to be elected to their national legislature, as well as the first openly transgender person in the entire Western Hemisphere to do so.[226]

2016

January
February
March
  • Israel held its first transgender beauty pageant, which was called "Miss Trans Israel", and was held at a club in Tel Aviv.[231]
  • President Barack Obama appointed Raffi Freedman-Gurspan as the White House's primary LGBT liaison, making her the first openly transgender person in the role.[232]
  • Nisha Ayub received the International Women of Courage Award in 2016, becoming the first openly transgender woman to receive that award.[233]
  • Aiden Katri, 19, became the first Israeli transgender woman to be jailed for refusing to serve in the military.[234]
April
  • Trans United Fund was founded; it is the first group of its kind, a 501(c)(4) organization of transgender leaders focused on transgender issues.[235]
May
  • Geraldine Roman became the first openly transgender woman elected to Congress in the Philippines.[236]
  • Wolverhampton City Council, making her the first openly transgender woman to be elected as a Labour representative.[237][238]
June
July
  • Misty Plowright became the first openly transgender candidate to win a major party primary for the US House of Representatives.[246]
  • An important legal victory for transgender people occurred in April 2016, when the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of transgender male student
    Gavin Grimm, which marked the first ruling by a U.S. appeals court to find that transgender students are protected under federal laws that ban sex-based discrimination. The ruling came on a challenge to the Gloucester County School Board's policy of making transgender students use alternative restroom facilities.[247]
  • On 25 July, the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia unanimously passed a bill to amend the British Columbia Human Rights Code to prohibit discrimination based on gender identity and gender expression.[248][249]
  • Democratic National Convention, becoming the first openly transgender person to address a major party convention in American history.[250][251][252][253]
  • Elle printed special collectors' covers for their September 2016 issue, and one of them featured Hari Nef, which was the first time an openly transgender woman had been on the cover of a major commercial British magazine.[254]
August
  • Lea T became the first openly transgender person ever to participate in the opening ceremonies of an Olympics when she led the Brazilian team into the stadium on her bike during the 2016 Rio Olympics.[255][256]
September
October
  • National Women's Hockey League came out as a transgender man, which made him the first openly transgender athlete in professional American team sports.[258]

2017

January
February
March
  • Japan became the first country in the world to elect an openly transgender man to a public office when Tomoya Hosoda was elected as a councilor for the city of Iruma.[266][267]
June
  • M Barclay became the first openly non-binary trans person to be commissioned as a Deacon in the United Methodist Church.[268]
  • The Unitarian Universalist Association's General Assembly voted to create inclusive wordings for non-binary, genderqueer, gender fluid, agender, intersex, two-spirit and polygender people, replacing the words "men and women" with the word "people". Of the six sources of the living tradition, the second source of faith, as documented in the bylaws of the denomination, now includes "Words and deeds of prophetic people which challenge us to confront powers and structures of evil with justice, compassion, and the transforming power of love."[269]
July
  • Philippa York, formerly Robert Millar, came out as transgender, thus becoming the first former professional cyclist to have publicly transitioned.[270]
  • Alex Hai came out as a transgender man, thus becoming the first openly transgender gondolier in Venice.[271][272]
October
November
  • Danica Roem was elected as Virginia's first transgender lawmaker.[274]
  • Andrea Jenkins became the first openly transgender black woman elected to public office in the United States when she was elected to the Minneapolis City Council.[275]
  • Tyler Titus, a transgender man, became the first openly transgender person elected to public office in Pennsylvania when he was elected to the Erie School Board.[276] He and Phillipe Cunningham, elected to the Minneapolis City Council on the same night, became the first two openly trans men to be elected to public office in the United States.[277]
  • The United States Defense Health Agency for the first time approved payment for sex reassignment surgery for an active-duty U.S. military service member. The patient, a trans woman infantry soldier, had already begun a course of treatment, and the procedure, which the treating doctor deemed medically necessary, was performed on 14 November at a private hospital, since U.S. military hospitals lacked the requisite surgical expertise.[278]
December
  • America's first all-LGBT city council was elected in Palm Springs, California, consisting of three gay men, a transgender woman and a bisexual woman.[279]

2018

January
February
  • Laverne Cox became the first openly transgender person to appear on the cover of any Cosmopolitan magazine (specifically, Cosmopolitan South Africa's February 2018 issue).[289]
  • Transgender Health reported that a transgender woman in the United States breastfed her adopted baby; this was the first known case of a transgender woman breastfeeding.[290][291]
  • Daniela Vega became the first openly transgender person in history to be a presenter at the Academy Awards.[292][293][294]
March
June
  • Head Over Heels. The show began previews on 23 June 2018 and officially opened 26 July; playing the role of Pythio, Peppermint became the first trans woman to originate a principal role on Broadway.[298]
  • Angela Ponce made history on 29 June 2018 as the first openly transgender woman to be crowned Miss Spain,[299] and became the first openly transgender contestant in Miss Universe.[300][301]
  • Jesse James Keitel played TV Land's first non-binary character on Younger.[302][303]
August
  • Christine Hallquist became the first openly transgender candidate for governor nominated by a major political party in the United States when she was nominated for governor of Vermont by the Democrats.[304]
September
November
December
  • Patricio Manuel became the first openly transgender male to box professionally in the United States, and, as he won the fight, the first openly transgender male to win a pro boxing fight in the U.S.[307]
  • Colombia prosecuted a transgender woman's murder as a femicide for the first time in 2018, sentencing Davinson Stiven Erazo Sánchez to twenty years in a psychiatric center for "aggravated femicide" a year after he killed Anyela Ramos Claros, a transgender woman.[308]

2019

Feb
April
  • The Trump administration announced on April 12 that transgender people were no longer allowed to enlist in the United States military if they had ever medically transitioned or had a history of gender dysphoria. Currently serving individuals were required to serve under their gender assigned at birth. This legal action is colloquially known as the "Trans Military Ban".
May
  • Meghan Stabler became the first openly transgender member of Planned Parenthood's National Board of Directors.
    The Advocate editors named Meghan as one of The Advocate magazine's 2019 Champions of Pride.[315]
  • Indya Moore became the first openly transgender person to be featured on the cover of the U.S. version of Elle magazine.[316]
  • Lucia Lucas, normally based in Germany, made her debut as Don Giovanni with the Tulsa Opera, becoming the first openly transgender person to sing a lead role in a standard operatic work in the US.[317]
  • Gianmarco Negri was elected mayor of Tromello, making him Italy's first openly transgender mayor.[318]
June
  • Janet Mock signed a three-year deal with Netflix giving them exclusive rights to her TV series and a first-look option on feature film projects; this made her the first openly transgender woman of color to secure a deal with a major content company.[319][320]
  • Zach Barack became the first openly transgender actor in the Marvel Cinematic Universe when he played a classmate of Peter Parker's in Spider-Man: Far From Home.[321][322]
July
August
September
  • Angelica Ross became the first openly transgender person to host an American presidential forum.[330]
  • Mattel launched the world's first line of gender-neutral dolls, which they marketed as Creatable World.[331]
November
  • In November 2019, transgender community leader Lauren Pulido raised the transgender pride flag over the California state capitol for Trans Day of Remembrance, reportedly the first time the transgender flag was raised over a state capitol building in the United States.[332]
December
  • In December 27, Chile's Gender Identity Law came into force, allowing people to change their legal name and gender without the need of sex reassignment surgery.[333][334]

2020s

2020

February
  • Camila Prins became the first openly transgender woman to lead the drum section of a top samba school in the Carnival parade in São Paulo.[335]
  • The Pfister Hotel named Nykoli Koslow as its first openly transgender Artist in Residence.[336]
March
  • Megan Youngren became the first openly transgender athlete to compete at the Olympic marathon trials in U.S. history.[337]
  • The Philadelphia Police Academy graduated its first openly transgender officer, Benson Churgai.[338]
  • Diana Zurco became Argentina's first openly transgender newscaster.[339]
  • Chris Mosier became the first openly transgender male athlete to ever compete in an Olympic trial alongside other men; however, he was unable to finish the race due to injury.[340]
June
  • The Trump administration passed a regulation removing protections for transgender patients under medical care.[341]
  • The
    US Supreme Court ruled (in Bostock v. Clayton County) in favor of protecting employees from workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.[342]
July
August
September
October
  • On 1 October 2020,
    Petra De Sutter was sworn in as one of seven deputy prime ministers in the government of Prime Minister Alexander De Croo, becoming Europe's first transgender deputy prime minister, and the most senior trans politician in Europe.[346]
  • FaZe Clan's Soleil 'Ewok' Wheeler came out as transgender, making him the first transgender male on a T1 esports organization.[347]
November
  • On 3 November 2020, Sarah McBride became the first transgender state senator elected in America.[348][349][350]
  • On 3 November 2020, Taylor Small became the first transgender person elected to be a state legislator in Vermont.[351][352]
  • On 7 November 2020, Joe Biden became the first president-elect to mention the transgender community in a victory speech.[353]
  • Big Sky premiered on 17 November 2020, making Jesse James Keitel the first nonbinary actor to play a nonbinary series regular on primetime television.[354][355]
  • In November 2020, Mauree Turner became the first non-binary state legislator elected in the United States.[356]
  • In November 2020, Stephanie Byers became the first Native American transgender person elected to office in America, when she was elected to the Kansas state House of Representatives; she is a member of the Chickasaw Nation. This election also made her the first transgender person elected to the Kansas state legislature.[357][358]
December
  • Mara Gómez became the first trans footballer to play in a top-flight Argentinian league.[359]

2021

January
February
  • In Angola a new criminal code went into effect after the parliament passed it in January 2019 and the president signed it into law in November 2020. The new code contains full anti-discrimination protections on the basis of gender identity.[363][364]
March
April
  • Alana Gisele Banks became the first Black openly transgender woman elected to a public school board in the United States.[371]
September
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of America, becoming the first openly transgender and non-binary bishop in any Christian denomination.[372]
October

2022

February
March
May
  • L. Morgan Lee became the first openly transgender person nominated for a Tony Award in an acting category; she was nominated for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical for playing Thought 1 in A Strange Loop.[382]
  • The Committee on Jewish Law and Standards approved a ruling authorizing non-gendered language for the aliyah, and the honors of the hagbah (lifting the Torah) and the gelilah (rolling up the Torah). The ruling also includes non-gendered language for calling up Cohens and Levis (descendants of the tribe of Levi) as well as how to address people without gendered language during the prayer Mi Shebeirach. This was a codification of a practice that already existed in places Jewish transgender people led.[383][384]
June
  • FINA (now World Aquatics) announced a new policy that effectively bars all transgender women from competing in professional women's swimming, with the exception of athletes who "can establish to FINA's comfortable satisfaction that they have not experienced any part of male puberty beyond Tanner Stage 2 (of puberty) or before age 12, whichever is later". FINA also announced the development of a separate "open" category for some events, to be determined by a working group over the next six months, so that "everybody has the opportunity to compete at an elite level".[385][386]
August
  • Ellia Green became the first Olympian to come out as a trans man.[387]
  • Jamie Hunter became the first openly transgender snooker player to win a women's tour ranking event in snooker when she won the U.S. Women's Open.[388]
September
October
November

See also

References

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