Time shifting
In broadcasting, time shifting is the recording of programming to a storage medium to be viewed or listened to after the live broadcasting. Typically, this refers to TV programming but it can also refer to radio shows via podcasts.
In recent years, the advent of the
Certain broadcasters transmit timeshifted versions of their channels, usually carrying programming from one hour in the past, to enable those without recording abilities to resolve conflicts and those with recording abilities more flexibility in scheduling conflicting recordings. (See timeshift channel.)
In the United Kingdom and Ireland
Africa
DStv, based in South Africa, offers PVR set-top boxes to countries across Africa which allow time shifting of live and recorded television, using a remote.
History in the United States
The idea of a consumer pausing a live television broadcast was depicted in popular media as early as November 1966 at the end of Season 2, Episode 12 of
The major legal issue involved in time shifting concerns "fair use" law and the possibility of copyright infringement.[2] This legal issue was first raised in the landmark court case of Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc. or the "Betamax case".[3] In the 1970s, Universal and Disney sued Sony, claiming its timed recording capability amounted to copyright infringement.[4] The Supreme Court of the United States found in favor of Sony; the majority decision held that time shifting was a fair use, represented no substantial harm to the copyright holder and would not contribute to a diminished marketplace for its product.
Analysis
A study published in 2019 found that time shifting does not affect the size of the audience for a program which watches it live. Time shifting did, however, increase the size of the overall viewership of a program.[4]
See also
- Timeshift channel
- place shifting)
- Format shifting
- Personal video recorder
References
- ^ "What is a PVR?". wiseGEEK – clear answers for common questions. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
- ^ a b Time Shifting. laws.com retrieved from copyright.laws.com Accessed 28 November 2012.
- ^ "Supreme Court ruling on the Betamax Case". Caselaw.lp.findlaw.com. Retrieved 2012-08-18.
- ^ ISSN 0025-1909.
- ^ RCA 1984 Video Systems CED Videodisc (video). YouTube. 1984. Event occurs at 2:36.
- ^ Holsopple, Barbara (1985-06-05). "Pay-TV looks elsewhere as theatrical movies lose their appeal". The Pittsburgh Press. pp. C12. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
- ^ De Atley, Richard (1985-09-07). "VCRs put entertainment industry into fast-forward frenzy". The Free Lance-Star. Associated Press. pp. 12–TV. Retrieved 25 January 2015.