Tinea nigra
Tinea nigra | |
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Other names | Superficial phaeohyphomycosis, tinea nigra plantaris, Antifungals, scraping the lesion[3] |
Medication | Topical Whitfield's ointment or salicylic acid ointment, or oral itraconazole[1] |
Tinea nigra, also known as superficial phaeohyphomycosis and Tinea nigra palmaris et plantaris,
Most cases are caused by Hortaea werneckii, a pigmented fungus, which is a dark yeast found in sewage, soil, rotting vegetation and wood and in places with a high salt content such as moldy salted fish and on beaches, where contact with sand may result in transmission.[1] Infection is by direct contact and the fungus enters and remains in the outer dead layer of skin with little or no skin inflammation.[1] The infection does not invade deeper tissues.[1]
Diagnosis is by visualisation,
It is uncommon.[1] It generally occurs in tropical and subtropical countries of Central and South America, the Caribbean, Europe, South East Asia, Australia and the Far East.[1] The disease was first described by Alexandre Cerqueira from Brazil in 1891.[1] No cases in animals have been reported.[1]
Signs and symptoms
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Causes
This infection is caused by the fungus formerly classified as Cladosporium werneckii, but more recently classified as
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of tinea nigra is made based on microscopic examination of stratum corneum skin scrapings obtained by using a scalpel. The scrapings are mixed with
Treatment
Treatment consists of topical application of dandruff shampoo, which contains
Epidemiology
Tinea nigra is commonly found in Africa, Asia, Central America, and South America. It is typically not found in the United States or Europe, although cases have been documented in the Southeastern United States. People of all ages can be infected; however, it is generally more apparent in children and younger adults. Females are three times more likely than males to become infected.[5]
See also
- List of cutaneous conditions
References
- ^ ISBN 978-93-86261-83-0.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6.
- ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ S2CID 28932880.
- ^ Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S.; Pfaller, Michael A. (2005). Medical Microbiology (5th ed.). Elsevier Mosby.
- S2CID 28484339.
- ^ a b Gladwin, Mark; Trattler, Bill. Clinical Microbiology (4th ed.). p. 196.
External links