Tiaret
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2007) |
Tiaret
تيارت | |
|---|---|
UTC+1 (CET) | |
| Postal code | 14000 |
| Climate | Csa |
Tiaret (
Etymology
The name means "Lioness" in the Berber language, a reference to the Barbary lions that lived in this region. Maghrebian place names like Oran (Uhran) which means "lion", and Souk Ahras which means "Market of Lions" have the same etymological source.[citation needed]
Population
The town had a population of 178,915 in 2008.[1] The town covered around 20.086.62 km2
Infrastructure & industry
A 1992 study by the
The region is predominantly one of agriculture. There is a large airfield with a tower and terminal at Abdelhafid Boussouf.
The Institute of National Studies of Tiaret holds 25,000 volumes in its library.[2]
Politics
The province suffered massacres (the largest being the Sid El-Antri massacre in 1997), killings, and bombings during the Algerian Civil War, though less so than areas closer to Algiers. The Africa Institute reported in a May 2004 monograph[3] that Tiaret's more "arid and mountainous landscape has facilitated terrorist activities". The MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base reports that Tiaret "is a frequent site of attacks by the Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC)" (now known as Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb). The GSPC is "believed to have close ties to Osama bin Laden" (Paris AFX News Agency, Jul 13, 2005) and Abu Musab al-Zarqawi (Asharq Alaswat Jul 3 2005), and is reported to be active in Italy (Deutsche Welle, Jul 15 2005).
History
The province has been inhabited since antiquity, and there are numerous megalithic monuments. It served as a
Tiaret grew up as a site under the domination of small Berber tribal kingdoms; the first of these being the
Tiaret occupies a strategic mountain pass at 3,552 feet (1,083 m), and was thus a key to dominating the central Maghreb. Later, from the start of the 8th century, it was the key northern terminus of the West African branch of the slave trade. As such, it offered a lucrative income from taxes on the trade, and was a desirable prize.
The Rustamid empire, which during the reign of Abdurrahman (766–784) and his son Abdul Wahab (784–823) extended over the greater part of the modern Algeria, was known as the Ibadite Empire from Abdallah ibn Ibad, the founder of the sect to which Abdurrahman belonged. Seven princes of the Rustamite house succeeded Abdul Wahab until they were overthrown by the Fatimite general Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i in 909.[4]
From the year 911 Tiaret was fought over by a number of tribes, being first captured by Massala ibn Habbus of the
From 933 it was administered as part of the
The modern town of Tiaret is built around a French redoubt of 1845. The new town attracted many
Archeological attractions
Thirty kilometres (18 miles) S.S.W. of Tiaret are the sepulchral monuments known as the Jedars.[4] The name is given to a number of sepulchral monuments placed on hill-tops. A rectangular or square podium is in each case surmounted by a pyramid. The tombs date from the 5th to the 7th century, and lie in two distinct groups between Tiaret and Frenda.[6]
At
Climate
In Tiaret, there is a Mediterranean climate. In winter there is more rainfall than in summer. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is Csa. The average annual temperature in Tiaret is 15.2 °C (59.4 °F). About 380 mm (14.96 in) of precipitation falls annually.
| Climate data for Tiaret (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) |
25.8 (78.4) |
30.0 (86.0) |
31.3 (88.3) |
40.0 (104.0) |
41.6 (106.9) |
43.0 (109.4) |
41.4 (106.5) |
40.1 (104.2) |
36.3 (97.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
25.0 (77.0) |
43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.6 (52.9) |
12.7 (54.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
30.8 (87.4) |
35.4 (95.7) |
34.7 (94.5) |
28.8 (83.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.4 (54.3) |
22.1 (71.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) |
6.9 (44.4) |
9.7 (49.5) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.1 (79.0) |
21.3 (70.3) |
16.5 (61.7) |
10.5 (50.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
3.4 (38.1) |
5.3 (41.5) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.6 (56.5) |
17.6 (63.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
13.8 (56.8) |
9.9 (49.8) |
5.1 (41.2) |
2.2 (36.0) |
8.3 (46.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −11.4 (11.5) |
−12.0 (10.4) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
3.1 (37.6) |
7.7 (45.9) |
5.1 (41.2) |
5.0 (41.0) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−12.0 (10.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 44.4 (1.75) |
42.4 (1.67) |
43.1 (1.70) |
43.6 (1.72) |
29.9 (1.18) |
11.0 (0.43) |
3.8 (0.15) |
10.5 (0.41) |
31.5 (1.24) |
35.8 (1.41) |
41.5 (1.63) |
40.5 (1.59) |
378.0 (14.88) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.1 | 7.6 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 4.7 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 63.1 |
| Source: NOAA[7] | |||||||||||||
Notes
- ^ "Algeria: Provinces & Major Cities - Population Statistics in Maps and Charts". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
- ISBN 978-1-4144-1089-0.
- ^ "The Africa Institute monograph". Retrieved 2006-06-10.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c d e This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tiaret". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 912.
- ^ Pietro Laureand. "Desert Cities". Archived from the original on 2005-05-19. Retrieved 2005-05-19.
- ^ a b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Algeria § Archaeology". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 646.
- ^ "Tiaret Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2023-09-28. Retrieved 2023-09-28.
Further reading
- Bourouiba, Rachid (1982). Cités disparus: Tahert, Sedrata, Achir, Kalaâ des Béni-Hammad. Collection Art et Culture, 14. Algiers Ministère de l'information. (About notable cultural artifacts and architecture).
- Belkhodja, A. (1998). Tiaret, memoire d'une ville. Tiaret, A. Belkhodja. (A personal memoir).
- Blanchard, Raoul. (1992). Amenagement & Gestion Du Territoire, Ou, L'apport Des Images-Satellite, De La Geoinfographique Et Du Terrain : Applications Aux Paysages Vegetaux De L'Algerie Steppique & Substeppique (Wilaya De Tiaret) Et Aux Espaces Construits (Tiaret Et Alger) 1990-1992. Laboratoire d'analyse spatiale. Nice, France. (Plant ecology of the Wilaya De Tiaret region, evidenced using photos from space).
- Cadenat, Pierre. (1938). Indication de quelques stations préhistoriques de la région de Tiaret Société de géographie et d'archéologie de la Province d'Oran. Extrait de son Bulletin, tome 59, fascicule 209, 1938. (12 pages booklet about the prehistoric monuments in the region).
External links
.svg)
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
