Tintin (magazine)

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Tintin
Tintin No. 1 (26 September 1946)
Publication information
PublisherLe Lombard
ScheduleWeekly
Publication date26 September 1946 – 29 June 1993
Main character(s)Tintin

Tintin (

Alix, and the principal title The Adventures of Tintin. Originally published by Le Lombard
, the first issue was released in 1946, and it ceased publication in 1993.

Tintin magazine was part of an elaborate publishing scheme. The magazine's primary content focused on a new page or two from several forthcoming comic albums that had yet to be published as a whole, thus drawing weekly readers who could not bear to wait for entire albums. There were several ongoing stories at any given time, giving wide exposure to lesser-known artists. Tintin was also available bound as a hardcover or softcover collection. The content always included filler material, some of which was of considerable interest to fans, for example alternate versions of pages of the Tintin stories, and interviews with authors and artists. Not every comic appearing in Tintin was later put into book form, which was another incentive to subscribe to the magazine. If the quality of Tintin printing was high compared to American comic books through the 1970s, the quality of the

albums
was superb, utilizing expensive paper and printing processes (and having correspondingly high prices).

Publication history

Early history: 1946 to 1949

Edgar Pierre Jacobs
, Hergé agreed.

The first issue, published on 26 September 1946, was in French. It featured Hergé, Jacobs,

artists,[2] with their mutual friend Jacques Van Melkebeke serving as editor. (Due to suspicions of incivism left over from the war, Van Melkebeke was forced to step down as editor soon after.)[3] A Dutch edition, entitled Kuifje, was published simultaneously (Kuifje being the name of the eponymous character Tintin in Dutch). 40,000 copies were released in French, and 20,000 in Dutch.[1]

For Kuifje, a separate editor-in-chief was appointed, Karel Van Milleghem. He invented the famous slogan "The magazine for the youth from 7 to 77", later picked up by the other editions. (Van Milleghem gave Raymond Leblanc the idea for the animation studio

Studio Hergé.)[1]

In 1948, the magazine grew from 12 to 20 pages and a separate version for France was launched. A group of new young artists joined the team: the French Étienne Le Rallic and Jacques Martin, Dino Attanasio and the Flemish Willy Vandersteen.

For decades, Hergé had artistic control over the magazine, even though he was sometimes absent for long periods and new work of his became rarer. His influence is highly evident in Vandersteen's

Suske en Wiske
for which Hergé imposed a stronger attention to the stories, editing, and a change of art style.

The Tintin-voucher

In order to keep its readership loyal, Tintin magazine created a sort of fidelity passport,[when?] called the "Chèque Tintin" in France (Tintin-voucher) and "Timbre Tintin" in Belgium (Tintin-stamp), which was offered with every issue of the magazine, in every comic album by Le Lombard, and on many food products as well. These stamps could be exchanged for various gifts not available in commercial establishments. Other brands, mostly from food companies, affiliated themselves with the Tintin voucher system: they could be found on flour, semolina boxes, etc. A Tintin soda existed, and even Tintin shoes. The French Railways Company went as far as to propose 100 km of railway transportation for 800 stamps. Among the gifts, there were super chromos extracted from the magazine issues, or original art.

At the time the vouchers were initiated, the magazine was selling 80,000 copies in Belgium and only 70,000 in France. Due to the success of the vouchers, the circulation in France quickly rose to 300,000 a week.[1] The vouchers disappeared by the end of the 1960s.

The 1950s

In the 1950s new artists and series showed up:

The magazine became more and more international and successful: at one time, there were separate versions for France, Switzerland, Canada, Belgium and the Netherlands, with about 600,000 copies a week. The magazine had increased to 32 pages, and a cheaper version was created as well: Chez Nous (in French) / Ons Volkske (in Dutch), printed on cheaper paper and featuring mainly reprints from Tintin magazine, plus some new series by Tibet and Studio Vandersteen.[1]

The 1960s

In the 1960s the magazine kept on attracting new artists. The editorial line was clearly bent towards humor, with

Jo-El Azara (with Taka Takata), Dany (with Olivier Rameau) and Dupa (with Cubitus). Other authors joined the magazine, like William Vance (with Ringo and Bruno Brazil) and Hermann (with Bernard Prince).[2]

The 1970s

In the 1970s the comics scene in France and Belgium went through important changes. The mood for magazines had declined in favor of albums in the late 1960s. In 1965, Greg was appointed chief editor. He transformed the editorial line, in order to keep the pace with the new way of thinking of the time. The characters gained psychological dimensions, real women characters appeared, and sex. New foreign artists series were added to the magazine. Moralizing articles and long biographies disappeared as well. These transformations were crowned with success, leading to the

Lucca comics festival
, awarded to the magazine in 1972 for the best publication of the year. Greg quit his chief editor position in 1974.

The major new authors in the 1970s were:

And more in the humor vein:

The 1980s and 1990s

The 1980s showed a steady decline of popularity of Tintin magazine, with different short-lived attempts to attract a new audience. Adolescents and adults preferred

albums. Still, some important new authors and series started, including Grzegorz Rosiński, with Thorgal, and Andreas, with Rork
. At the end of 1980, the Belgian edition was cancelled, leaving the French edition remaining.

In 1988, the circulation of the French version had dropped to 100,000, and when the contract between the Hergé family and Raymond Leblanc finished, the name was changed to Tintin Reporter. Alain Baran, a friend of Hergé, tried to revive the magazine in December 1992. The magazine disappeared after six months, leaving behind a financial disaster.[1] The circulation of the magazine dropped dramatically, and publication of the Dutch version Kuifje ceased in 1992, and the French version, renamed Hello Bédé, finally disappeared in 1993.[2]

International editions

  • A Portuguese version was published between 1968 and 1983.
  • A Greek version existed during 1969–1972.
  • An Egyptian (Arabic) version existed from 1971 to 1980.

Spirou and Tintin rivalry

From the beginning, Tintin magazine was in competition with Spirou magazine. As part of a gentlemen's agreement between the two publishers, Raymond Leblanc of Le Lombard and Charles Dupuis of Dupuis, if one artist was published by one of the magazines, he would not be published by the other one. One notable exception, however, was André Franquin, who in 1955, after a dispute with his editor, moved from the more popular Spirou to Tintin.[2] The dispute was quickly settled, but by then Franquin had signed an agreement with Tintin for five years. He created Modeste et Pompon for Tintin while pursuing work for Spirou. He quit Tintin at the end of his contract. Some artists moved from Spirou to Tintin like Eddy Paape and Liliane & Fred Funcken, while some went from Tintin to Spirou like Raymond Macherot and Berck.

Main authors and series

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Horsten, Toon (December 2006). "De 9 levens van Raymond Leblanc". Stripgids (in Dutch). 2 (2): 10–19.
  2. ^ a b c d Lambiek Comiclopedia. "Tintin comic magazine".
  3. ^ Van Melkebeke entry, Lambiek's Comiclopedia. Accessed 16 December 2013.

Sources consulted

External links

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