Tjaru
| |||||||
| ṯꜣr(l) or ṯꜣr(l)w[1][2] in hieroglyphs | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Era: New Kingdom (1550–1069 BC) | |||||||
| ||||||
| ṯꜣr(l)(t)[1][2] in hieroglyphs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Era: Ptolemaic dynasty (305–30 BC) | ||||||
Tjaru caʀu (
History
The Horus of Mesen was worshipped at Tjaru in the form of a lion, and because of its close theological connections to Edfu, it is sometimes referred to as the Edfu of Lower Egypt.[6]
Tjaru, being a frontier town in an inhospitable desert region, was a place of banishment for criminals. Horemheb in his Great Edict threatens as punishment for various crimes by officials disfigurement and banishment to Tjaru.[7]
References in the Amarna letters
Silu is referenced twice in one letter of the 382–
Part of EA 288, letter of Abdi-Heba of Jerusalem
Abdi-Heba's letters, to the Egyptian pharaoh, are of moderate length, and topically discuss the intrigues of the cities, that are adjacent to Jerusalem.
A section of letter 288, title: "Benign neglect", (starting at line 17):
- "[...]
- ".... I gave over [to his char]ge 10 "city gate" of Silu. The king did nothing. [Wh]y has he not called them to account? May the king [pro]vide for [his land] and may he [se]e to it tha[t] archers[come ou]t to h[is] land. If there are no archers this year, all the lands of the king, my lord, are lost."
- "...." -end of line 53 (lines 54-66(End), omitted)
Identification as Tell Heboua
There has been historical argument over which archaeological site should be identified as Tjaru. Throughout the 20th century, Tjaru has been identified as Tel Abu-Seifa, 4 km east of Qantarah.
Excavations by the Supreme Council of Antiquities at Tell Heboua began in 1988.[10] Archaeologists first proposed that Tell Heboua, not Tel Abu-Seifa, was the Pharaonic-era fortress of Tjaru around 2000.[4] In July 2007, the confirmation of the ancient fortress at Tell Heboua as Tjaru was announced, with graves of soldiers and horses, mud-brick walls, and a moat.[11] Further discoveries were announced in 2008, including reliefs depicting Pharaohs Thutmose II, Seti I and Ramesses II.[12] In January 2015, new discoveries at the site were announced that confirmed its identification as the fort of Tjaru.[13]
See also
- Walls-of-the-Ruler
References
- ISBN 0-8018-6715-0)
Footnotes
- ^ a b c Gauthier, Henri (1929). Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 6. pp. 67–68.
- ^ a b Wallis Budge, E. A. (1920). An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II. John Murray. p. 1058.
- ^ Other obsolete renderings of this name into English include Zaru, Tharu, Djaru and Tjel.
- ^ ISBN 0-19-280293-3, p.200
- ^ ISBN 0-415-23549-9, p.25
- ISBN 977-424-764-7, p.82
- ^ James Henry Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt, Chicago 1906, Part Three, §§ 51ff.
- ISBN 0-612-50441-7. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
- S2CID 128495297.
- ISBN 0-612-50441-7. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
- ^ Morrison, Dan (July 27, 2007). "Egypt's Largest Pharaoh-Era Fortress Discovered, Experts Announce". National Geographic. Archived from the original on September 22, 2007. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
The massive fortress, discovered at a site called Tell-Huba, includes the graves of soldiers and horses and once featured a giant water-filled moat, scientists said.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Ancient Egyptian fortress unearthed in Sinai | Cairo Post". Archived from the original on 2016-03-25. Retrieved 2016-01-05.
30°56′07″N 32°22′29″E / 30.9352°N 32.3746°E
.jpg){kind=small} | ||
