Tokyo subway

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Tokyo Subway
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Tokyo subway
Logos of the Tokyo Metro (left) and Toei Subway (right)

Logos of the Tokyo Metro (left) and Toei Subway (right)
Toei 6300 series (left) and Tokyo Metro 9000 series (right) trains at Tamagawa Station
Toei 6300 series (left) and Tokyo Metro 9000 series (right) trains at Tamagawa Station
Overview
LocaleTokyo, Japan
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines13
Number of stations285
Daily ridership
  • Tokyo Metro: 5.95 million (2022)[1]
  • Toei Subway: 2.00 million (2022)[2]
Annual ridership3.921 billion (2019)
Marunouchi, Toei Asakusa & Toei Ōedo Lines, 1,372 mm for Toei Shinjuku Line
System map

Two

suburban railways in Western Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefecture
.

Networks

There are two primary subway operators in Tokyo:

As of 2023, the combined subway network of the Tokyo and Toei metros comprises 286 stations and 13 lines covering a total system length of 304.0 kilometers (188.9 mi). The Tokyo Metro and Toei networks together carry a combined average of over eight million passengers daily.[5] Despite being ranked second overall in worldwide subway usage (after the Shanghai Metro) as of 2019, subways make up a relatively small fraction of heavy rail rapid transit in Tokyo alone—only 286 out of 938 railway stations, as of 2020.[6] The Tokyo subway at 8.7 million daily passengers only represents 22% of Tokyo's 40 million daily rail passengers (see Transport in Greater Tokyo).[7] Other urban commuter rail systems include Keikyu Corporation (formerly the Keihin Electric Express Railway), Keio Corporation, Keisei Electric Railway, Odakyu Electric Railway, Seibu Railway, Tobu Railway and Tokyu Corporation.

Line colour Sign Line Japanese Length
Tokyo Metro
Orange Ginza Line 銀座線 14.3 km
Red Marunouchi Line 丸ノ内線 27.4 km
Marunouchi Line Branch Line 丸ノ内線分岐線 3.2 km
Silver Hibiya Line 日比谷線 20.3 km
Sky Blue
Tōzai Line
 東西線 30.8 km
Green Chiyoda Line 千代田線 24.0 km
Chiyoda Line Branch Line 千代田線分岐線 2.6 km
Gold Yūrakuchō Line 有楽町線 28.3 km
Purple Hanzōmon Line 半蔵門線 16.8 km
Teal Namboku Line 南北線 21.3 km
Brown Fukutoshin Line 副都心線 20.2 km
Toei Subway
Rose Asakusa Line 浅草線 18.3 km
Blue Mita Line 三田線 26.5 km
Leaf Shinjuku Line 新宿線 23.5 km
Magenta Ōedo Line 大江戸線 40.7 km

In addition, but not formally designated as subways:

  • The
    Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit (TWR) operates a single mostly-underground line with eight stations, and 200,200 daily passengers in 2010.[8]
  • The Saitama Rapid Railway Line, which is essentially an extension of the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line, operates a single mostly-underground line with eight stations.
  • The
    Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line
    , operates a single underground/elevated line with nine stations.
  • The
    JR East
    , act as key transportation arteries in central Tokyo, and are often marked on Tokyo subway maps.

The

Tōkyū Tōyoko Line
.

History

The history of Tokyo Subway
  • 1915: Japan's first underground railway opened under Tokyo Station. It was only for the railway post office, not for passengers.[citation needed]
  • 1927: Tokyo Underground Railway Co., Ltd. (東京地下鉄道株式会社, Tōkyō Chika Tetsudō Kabushiki Gaisha) opened Japan's first underground line of the subway
    Asakusa
    .
  • 1938: Tokyo Rapid Transit Railway Co., Ltd. (東京高速鉄道株式会社, Tōkyō Kōsoku Tetsudō Kabushiki Gaisha) opened its subway system between Aoyama 6-chome (present-day
    Omotesando) and Toranomon
    .
  • 1939: Tokyo Rapid Transit Railway extended its line from Toranomon to Shimbashi, and started an reciprocal operation with Tokyo Underground Railway.
  • 1941: During World War II, the two subway companies merged under the name Teito Rapid Transit Authority (帝都高速度交通営団, Teito Kōsokudo Kōtsu Eidan) by the local government.
  • 1954: The
    Marunouchi Line, the first subway line after World War II, opened between Ikebukuro and Ochanomizu
    .
  • 1960: Toei Subway Line 1, present-day Toei Asakusa Line, opened between Oshiage and Asakusa.
  • 1968: Toei Subway Line 6 (currently the Toei Mita Line) opened between Shimura Station (renamed Takashimadaira Station in 1969) and Sugamo Station.
  • 1991: The Tokyo Metro Namboku Line opens.
  • 1995: On 20 March, the Tokyo subway sarin attack occurred on the Marunouchi, Hibiya, and Chiyoda Lines during the morning rush hour. Over 5,000 people were injured and 13 people were killed. All three lines ceased operation for the whole day.
  • 2000: The
    Tokyu Meguro Line
    .
  • 2004: Teito Rapid Transit Authority was privatized and renamed Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.
  • 2008: The
    Fukutoshin Line
    opened.
  • 2013: The Fukutoshin Line started through service with the
    Tokyu Toyoko Line
    .
  • 2023: The Toei Mita Line, the Namboku Line, and the Fukutoshin Line have started through service with the
    Izumino Line
    via the Tokyu Meguro Line (Toei Mita Line and Namboku Line) and the Tokyu Toyoko Line (Fukutoshin Line).

System administration

Both the Tokyo Metro and Toei Subway systems are closely integrated with a unified system of line colors, line codes, and station numbers. However, the separate administration of metro systems has some ramifications:

  • For single rides across Metro and Toei systems, a special transfer ticket is required. It costs 70 yen less than the sum of the Metro fare and the Toei fare, calculated based on the shortest possible route between the origin and destination stations.[9] The Passnet system simplified such ticketing problems, by allowing one stored-fare card to be used on most of the rail operators in the Greater Tokyo Area (with the noticeable exception of JR East which continued to use its own Suica system). The new Pasmo system was introduced in 2007 and completely replaced the Passnet in 2008, finally allowing for one unified stored fare system for most of the Tokyo transit system, including JR East. The fare charged by the stored fare system may be slightly less than for users of paper tickets, as fares are calculated in ¥1 increments on stored fare cards whereas paper tickets are calculated at ¥10 increments.
  • The systems represent the metro network differently in station, train, and customer information diagrams. For example, the Toei map represents the Toei Ōedo Line as a circle in the centre, whereas the Tokyo Metro's map saves the central ring line for the Marunouchi Line and the JR Yamanote Line. As well, each system's lines are generally rendered with thicker lines on their respective system maps.

Reciprocal operation

As is common with Japanese subway systems, many above-ground and underground lines in the

through services with the Tokyo Metro and Toei lines. Through services operate on all lines except Tokyo Metro Ginza and Marunouchi Lines and Toei Oedo Line
. In a broader sense they are considered a part of the Tokyo subway network, allowing it to reach farther out into the suburbs.

Tokyo Metro 6000 series and Odakyu 60000 series MSE Romancecar EMUs at Yoyogi-Uehara

Tokyo Metro

Line Through lines
H Hibiya Line Tobu Skytree Line and Tōbu Nikkō Line (Kita-Senju to Tōbu-Dōbutsu-Kōen and Minami-Kurihashi)
T
Tōzai Line
Chūō-Sōbu Line (Chūō Main Line) (Nakano to Mitaka
)
JR East Chūō-Sōbu Line (Sōbu Main Line) (Nishi-Funabashi to Tsudanuma)
Toyo Rapid Line (Nishi-Funabashi to Tōyō-Katsutadai
)
C Chiyoda Line
Odakyu Tama Line (Yoyogi-Uehara to Karakida and Hon-Atsugi
)
JR East Jōban Line (Ayase to Toride
)
Y Yūrakuchō Line
Shinrinkōen
)
Kotake-Mukaihara Station to Hannō
)
Z Hanzōmon Line
Chūō-Rinkan
)
Tobu Skytree Line, Tōbu Nikkō Line and Tobu Isesaki Line (Oshiage to Tōbu-Dōbutsu-Kōen, Minami-Kurihashi and Kuki)
N Namboku Line
Tokyu Meguro Line (Meguro to Hiyoshi
)
Urawa-Misono
)
F Fukutoshin Line Tobu and Seibu line (same stations served as the Yūrakuchō Line)
Tōkyū Tōyoko Line (Shibuya to Motomachi-Chūkagai
)

Toei Subway

Line Through lines
A Asakusa Line
Misakiguchi
)
Inba-Nihon-Idai or Shibayama-Chiyoda
)
I Mita Line
Tokyu Meguro Line (Meguro to Hiyoshi
)
S Shinjuku Line
Keio New Line and Keio Sagamihara Line both via the Keiō Line (Shinjuku to Hashimoto or Takaosanguchi
)

Rolling stock

Main articles: Toei Subway rolling stock and Tokyo Metro rolling stock

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Business Situation". Tokyo Metro. 27 June 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  2. ^ 各駅乗降人員一覧 (in Japanese). Toei Transportation. March 2022. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  3. ^ "Metro networks worldwide - leading cities by ridership 2019-2020". September 2022.
  4. ^ "TOP>Service>What is Toei Subway?". Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  5. ^ "Subways keep Tokyo on the move". Japan Today. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 24 January 2007.
  6. ^ "【2020年版】緯度経度付き全国沿線別駅データ" (in Japanese). Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  7. ^ 平成17年 大都市交通センサス 第10回 [2005 Metropolitan transportation census (10th)] (PDF) (in Japanese). 国土交通省 総合政策局 交通計画課 [Land, Infrastructure and Transportation Ministry, Transport Policy Bureau]. 30 March 2007. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  8. ^ "企業・採用｜お台場電車 りんかい線" (PDF).
  9. ^ Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation. "Toei Subway Information - How to Ride the Subway". Archived from the original on 27 March 2010. Retrieved 25 June 2008.

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tokyo Subway.

Network map


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