Tonus peregrinus

The tonus peregrinus, also known as the wandering tone,

Characteristics

As a reciting tone the tonus peregrinus does not fit in any of the original eight

church modes, because a verse recited in this tone has a different tenor note in the first half of the verse from the second half of the verse.^[2] It is this diversion from a single recitation note which gives the name peregrinus, literally "wanders".^[1]

Traditionally, the tenor note in the first half of a verse sung according to the tonus peregrinus is a tone higher than the tenor note in the second half of the verse. Also usually the last note of a tonus peregrinus

melodic formula is a perfect fifth below the first tenor note.^[2]

History

In Gregorian chant the tonus peregrinus existed before the modal system was expanded beyond the eighth mode. Later the ninth tone became associated with the ninth mode, or

minor mode.^[3]

The tonus peregrinus is an exceptional reciting tone in Gregorian chant: there it was most clearly associated with Psalm 113 (in the Vulgate numbering), traditionally sung in vespers. In Lutheranism, the tonus peregrinus is associated with the Magnificat (also usually sung in vespers): the traditional setting of Luther's German translation of the Magnificat ("Meine Seele erhebt den Herren") is a German variant of the tonus peregrinus.^[2]