Traditionis custodes

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Traditionis Custodes
)

Traditionis custodes
Latin
for 'Guardians of the tradition'
Apostolic letter of Pope Francis
Coat of arms of Pope Francis
Signature date 16 July 2021 (2021-07-16)
SubjectOn the use of the Roman Rite prior to the liturgical reforms of Pope Paul VI
Text
AAS113 (8): 793-796
← Antiquum ministerium
 
Essendo trascorsi quasi sei anni →
Scale of justice
Part of a series on the
Canon law of the
Catholic Church
Ius vigens (current law)
Legal history
Jus antiquum (c. 33-1140)

Jus novum (c. 1140-1563)

Jus novissimum (c. 1563-1918)

Jus codicis (1918-present)

Other

Eastern law
Liturgical law
Latin Church
Sacramental law

Sacraments

Sacramentals

Sacred places

  • Altars
  • Major basilica
  • Minor basilica
  • Oratory (chapel)

Sacred times

Matrimonial law
Supreme authority, particular
churches, and canonical structures
Supreme authority of the Church

Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures

Particular churches

Juridic persons

Jurisprudence

Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law

Temporal goods (property)
Law of persons

Clerics

Office


Juridic and physical persons


Associations of the faithful


Consecrated life
Canonical documents
Penal law
Procedural law
Pars statica (tribunals & ministers/parties)

Pars dynamica (trial procedure)

Canonization

Election of the Roman Pontiff

Legal practice and scholarship

Academic degrees

Journals and Professional Societies

Faculties of canon law

  • School of Canon Law

Canonists

Law of consecrated life

Institute of consecrated life

Society of apostolic life

Catholicism portal

Traditionis custodes (Guardians of the Tradition) is an

Catholic bishops
of the world.

The

Congregation for Divine Worship has stated in an official instruction (responsa) that the Latin version of Traditionis custodes "is the official text to be referenced".[1]

Background

Liturgical reforms after Vatican II

Main articles: Sacrosanctum Concilium, Mass of Paul VI, and Agatha Christie indult

In 1969, the first new edition of the Roman Missal based on the revisions of the Second Vatican Council was promulgated, instituting a new form of the Roman Rite's Mass liturgy. Often referred to as the Mass of Paul VI, this edition of the Roman Missal was produced in Latin with consideration that it was to be translated into the vernacular.[2][3] The first edition of this missal was published in 1970, around one year after its promulgation.[4] It replaced the Roman Missal of the Tridentine Mass, the last edition of which was promulgated in 1962, as well as the various vernacular translations that are often referred to as the "1965 Missal", though themselves not a new form of the Roman Missal.[citation needed] In 1971, the Liturgy of the Hours – also prepared with expectation of translation into the vernacular – was introduced to replace the 1960 edition of the Roman Breviary as the primary form of prayer for the canonical hours within the Latin Church.[5]

John Paul II

See also: Indult

John Paul II in Quattuor abhinc annos in 1984 liberalised the use of the Tridentine Mass, while still maintaining limitations on its use.[citation needed] This liberalisation was further expanded by the motu proprio Ecclesia Dei in 1988.[6]

Summorum Pontificum

Main article: Summorum Pontificum

In 2007,

John XXIII is nevertheless to be considered "an extraordinary expression" of the same lex orandi of the church.[7] The Tridentine Mass was thus called the "Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite", and the Mass of Paul VI the "Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite".[8]

Benedict decreed that "any Catholic priest of the Latin rite" may use either form and "needs no permission" from his bishop or from the Holy See to do so. He concluded then that "these two expressions of the church's lex orandi will in no way lead to a division in the church's

Roman rite".[7] Benedict also wrote that faithful could complain to their bishop or even to the Holy See if their requests for celebration of the extraordinary form were denied.[9] This apostolic letter of Benedict XVI, in brief, allowed any priest of the Latin Church to celebrate the Tridentine Mass according to the Roman Missal of 1962 without needing to have his bishop or the Holy See's permission.[2] "Prior to that law, priests and faithful who wished to celebrate the Traditional [Tridentine] Latin Mass had to request explicit permission from their bishop. It could only be offered to those who requested it; it was not allowed to be on the normal Mass schedule for parish churches; and the bishop could set specific days and conditions for its celebration".[9]

Before the publication

In 2020, the

Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith sent a letter to Catholic bishops of the world to ask them to report on the implementation of Summorum Pontificum in their dioceses.[10][11] The results of this survey were not made public.[12]

In May 2021, less than two months before Traditionis custodes was published, a rumor said that during a "closed-door question-and-answer session" with the members of the Italian bishops' conference, Francis stated that the draft of a text restricting the celebration of the pre-Vatican II Mass was awaiting his approval.[9][11]

Traditionis custodes was published two days after Francis returned to the Vatican after nine days in the hospital.[7][13]

Content

Traditionis custodes not only repealed the changes liberalising use of the

Benedict XVI, in 2007,[9][2] but it also went further to limit the practice of the Tridentine Mass.[14]

The apostolic letter is divided into 8 articles.[11]

Article 1

In the first article of the apostolic letter, Francis writes that the

lex orandi [law of prayer] of the Roman Rite".[11][15]

Article 2

The second article states that it is a diocesan bishop's "exclusive competence" to authorise the use of the 1962 Roman Missal in his diocese "according to the guidelines of the Apostolic See".[7][11]

Article 3

Another measure is that "[t]he

Supreme Pontiffs".[7]

Moreover, the

parochial churches and without erecting new personal parishes, where the faithful adherents of those groups may gather to perform Tridentine Mass.[7] In short, bishops must find alternate locations for groups practising the Tridentine Mass without creating new parishes.[14]

The diocesan bishop must also establish "the days on which

vernacular language, using translations of the Sacred Scripture approved for liturgical use by the respective episcopal conferences".[7][11]

Furthermore, the diocesan bishop must appoint a properly trained priest as his delegate to perform the Tridentine Mass[7] and supervise groups that practice it.[11] The priest must be familiar with the Tridentine Mass and have an understanding of Latin sufficient "for a thorough comprehension of the rubrics and liturgical texts".[9] "This priest should have at heart not only the correct celebration of the liturgy, but also the pastoral and spiritual care of the faithful".[11]

The diocesan bishop also has to "verify that the parishes canonically erected for the benefit of these faithful are effective for their spiritual growth, and to determine whether or not to retain them".[7]

The diocesan bishop must not "authorize the establishment of new groups".[7] The Associated Press paraphrases: "bishops are no longer allowed to authorize the formation of any new pro-Latin Mass groups in their dioceses".[14]

Articles 4 and 5

Priests

ordained after the publication of the motu proprio who wish to celebrate Mass according to the Tridentine Mass "should submit a formal request to the diocesan bishop who shall consult the Apostolic See before granting this authorization". Priests who already celebrate using the Roman Missal of 1962 "should request from the diocesan Bishop the authorization to continue to enjoy this faculty".[7]

Articles 6 and 7

Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (CICLSAL).[11]

Both the CICLSAL and the

dicasteries,[9][15] which exercise the authority of the Holy See in overseeing those provisions.[11]

Article 8 and effect

The last article declares: "previous norms, instructions, permissions, and customs that do not conform to the provisions of the present Motu Proprio are abrogated".[11]

The dispositions in the apostolic letter

took effect immediately.[11]

Accompanying letter

Pope Francis also released an

Benedict XVI had done with Summorum Pontificum.[2][7][11]

Introduction

In the letter accompanying the document, Francis explains that the concessions granted by his predecessors John Paul II and Benedict XVI for the use of the

Paul VI".[16][15]

Francis recalled that Benedict XVI's decision promulgated with the motu proprio Summorum Pontificum (2007), as well as John Paul II's decisions promulgated by Quattuor abhinc annos and Ecclesia Dei, were sustained by the confidence that "such a provision would not place in doubt one of the key measures of Vatican Council II or minimize in this way its authority". Francis also noted that Pope Benedict had called in 2007 "unfounded" the fear that parishes would be divided by the use of two forms and believed that the two forms would, Benedict said, "enrich one another".[16][15]

Letter of the CDF

In 2020, Francis asked the

Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith to send a letter to bishops to ask them about the implementation of Summorum Pontificum. Francis says the bishops' answers "reveal a situation that preoccupies and saddens me". He explains that "an opportunity offered by St. John Paul II and, with even greater magnanimity, by Benedict XVI, intended to recover the unity of an ecclesial body with diverse liturgical sensibilities, was exploited to widen the gaps, reinforce the divergences, and encourage disagreements that injure the Church, block her path, and expose her to the peril of division".[7]

Vatican II

Francis said that he deplores liturgical abuses "on all sides" and the fact that "in many places the prescriptions of the

Dei Verbum, 8)". He recalled that "a recent stage of this dynamic was constituted by Vatican Council II where the Catholic episcopate came together to listen and to discern the path for the Church indicated by the Holy Spirit". He adds: "To doubt the [Vatican II] Council is to doubt the intentions of those very Fathers who exercised their collegial power in a solemn manner cum Petro et sub Petro [with Peter and under Peter] in an ecumenical council, and, in the final analysis, to doubt the Holy Spirit itself who guides the Church".[7]

He said the liturgical reform was carried out "based on the principles" given by the Second Vatican Council and reached "its highest expression in the Roman Missal" published by Pope Paul VI and revised by Pope John Paul II.[7]

Francis also stated: "Whoever wishes to celebrate with devotion according to earlier forms of the liturgy can find in the reformed Roman Missal according to Vatican Council II all the elements of the

Roman Canon which constitutes one of its more distinctive elements".[7]

Unity of the church

See also: Four Marks of the Church

Francis states his "final reason" for his decision is that "ever more plain in the words and attitudes of many is the close connection between the choice of celebrations according to the liturgical books prior to Vatican Council II and the rejection of the Church and her institutions in the name of what is called the 'true Church'". Francis adds: "One is dealing here with comportment that contradicts

Missale Romanum of 1962".[7][11]

According to Francis, John Paul II in 1988 and Benedict XVI in 2007 were motivated to allow "the use of the Roman Missal of 1962" for the celebration of the Mass "to promote the concord and unity of the church" and "to facilitate the ecclesial communion of those Catholics who feel attached to some earlier liturgical forms". He says that his predecessors "were confident that such a provision would not place in doubt one of the key measures of Vatican Council II, or minimize in this way its authority", but that things did not develop the way his predecessors intended; Francis states that therefore he had to act because the unity of the church was now threatened.[7]

Comparison with the Tridentine Mass

In this letter, Francis writes: "I take the firm decision to abrogate all the norms, instructions, permissions and customs that precede the present motu proprio, and declare that

St. Pius V also abrogated all the rites that could not claim a proven antiquity, establishing for the whole Latin Church a single Roman Missal".[7][15]

Francis added that during four centuries, this Roman Missal was "the principal expression of the lex orandi of the Roman Rite, and functioned to maintain the unity of the Church" until "without denying the dignity and grandeur of this Rite" the bishops "gathered in ecumenical council asked that it be reformed". Francis says that their intention was that "the faithful would not assist as strangers and silent spectators in the mystery of faith, but, with a full understanding of the rites and prayers, would participate in the sacred action consciously, piously, and actively".[7] He adds: "St. Paul VI, recalling that the work of adaptation of the Roman Missal had already been initiated by Pius XII, declared that the revision of the Roman Missal, carried out in the light of ancient liturgical sources, had the goal of permitting the church to raise up, in the variety of languages, 'a single and identical prayer' that expressed her unity. This unity I intend to re-establish throughout the church of the Roman Rite".[2]

Appeal

Pope Francis appeals to the bishops in his letter, saying: "While in the exercise of my ministry in the service of unity, I take the decision to suspend the faculty granted by my predecessors, I ask you to share with me this burden as a form of participation in the solicitude for the whole Church proper to the bishops".[7]

Instructions to the bishops

Francis gave explicit instructions to the bishops to take measures to strongly limit the use of the Tridentine Rite, with the clear goal of getting all Catholics to eventually celebrate only the reformed liturgy which followed Vatican II. Francis wrote: "Indications about how to proceed in your dioceses are chiefly dictated by two principles: on the one hand, to provide for the good of those who are rooted in the previous form of celebration and need to return in due time to the Roman Rite promulgated by Saints Paul VI and John Paul II, and, on the other hand, to discontinue the erection of new personal parishes tied more to the desire and wishes of individual priests than to the real need of the 'holy People of God'".[17]

Francis adds that he asks the bishops "to be vigilant in ensuring that every liturgy be celebrated with

Seminarians and new priests should be formed in the faithful observance of the prescriptions of the Missal and liturgical books, in which is reflected the liturgical reform willed by Vatican Council II".[15][2]

Congregation for Divine Worship official guidelines

Responsa

On 18 December 2021, the

Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments (CDW),[b] the Holy See office responsible for matters related to liturgy, released official guidelines and clarifications, approved by Pope Francis, on the implementation of Traditionis custodes. Those guidelines are dated 4 December 2021. The guidelines are structured as individual responsa to 11 questions, with explanatory notes included.[18][19][20]

Accompanying those guidelines is a letter of the

prefect of the CDW, Archbishop Arthur Roche, to the presidents of all Catholic episcopal conferences, in which Roche says that the primary aim of the new guidelines is to foster ecclesial communion.[18][19][20]

The instruction states that "if it is established that it is impossible to use another church, oratory or chapel", then a group celebrating the 1962 Tridentine Mass can be allowed to celebrate its Tridentine Mass in a parish church with permission from both the diocesan bishop and the CDW. In this case, the instruction states, "such a celebration should not be included in the parish Mass schedule, since it is attended only by the faithful who are members of the said group" and "it should not be held at the same time as the pastoral activities of the parish community". It is precised that "when another venue becomes available", the permission to celebrate the Tridentine Mass in a parish church "will be withdrawn".[18][19][20]

The guidelines state that only personal parishes erected under the norms of Traditionis custodes can be allowed to perform

liturgical reforms.[18][19]

The instruction further states that a priest who has been allowed to perform the 1962 Tridentine Mass and who does not recognise the

lectionaries may be published that reproduce the cycle of readings" of the 1962 Tridentine Mass.[18][19][20]

The concession of celebrating the 1962 Tridentine Mass that any

weekday cannot celebrate the same day the 1962 Tridentine Mass, and priests can only celebrate the Tridentine Mass once a day.[18][19][20]

Answering questions of the

Congregation for Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life has competency over [those communities]. This Congregation has not made any statement about these Institutes. However, the principle has been established that ordinations in the Latin Church are conferred as directed by the Rite approved by Apostolic Constitution in 1968".[23]

Rescript

On 21 February 2023, the

diocesan bishops to allow the faithful to continue celebrating Tridentine Mass and pre-Vatican II reforms sacraments, since the restrictions contained in Traditionis custodes are "reserved in a special way to the Apostolic See". It also states that bishops which had dispensed those restrictions by relying on this canon, must "inform the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, which will evaluate the individual cases".[24][25][26][27] The rescript also states: "the Holy Father confirms - having already expressed his assent in the audience of 18 November 2021 - what was established in the Responsa ad dubia with the annexed Explanatory Notes of 4 December 2021".[26][27][28]

Canon 87 allows a bishop to dispense the faithful from certain disciplinary laws within his jurisdiction "whenever he judges that it contributes to their spiritual good", unless the law's application is specially reserved to the judgement of the Holy See. This canon had been previously used by some bishops to allow faithfuls to continue celebrating Tridentine Mass and pre-Vatican II reforms sacraments.[24]

Previously, in early February,

Praedicate Evangelium. The article in The Pillar is not really an attack on me but on the Pope's authority which for Catholics is an astonishing act full of hubris".[29][30][31]

Reception

Catholic Church

Clergy

American Cardinal Raymond Burke, who served as Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura until 2014, told National Catholic Register that "he sees as a number of flaws in Traditionis Custodes, saying he could not understand how the new Roman Missal is the 'unique expression of the lex orandi of the Roman Rite,' as the new motu proprio states. The Extraordinary Form of the Mass 'is a living form of the Roman Rite and has never ceased to be so,' Cardinal Burke noted. He also could not understand why the motu proprio takes effect immediately, as the decree 'contains many elements that require study regarding its application'". He added that "in his long experience he has not witnessed the 'gravely negative situation' Francis describes in his letter".[32] He later published a statement regarding Traditionis custodes on his personal website. In this statement, he called the restrictions imposed by Francis "severe and revolutionary", and questioned the pope's authority to revoke the practice of the Tridentine Mass.[33]

Cardinal

Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith until 2017, criticised the letter as "harsh", saying: "Instead of appreciating the smell of the sheep, the shepherd here hits them hard with his crook". He also contrasted the approach taken by Francis to curb the traditionalist movement with his failure to condemn "the innumerable 'progressive' abuses in the liturgy [...] that are tantamount to blasphemy".[34]

Retired Cardinal Joseph Zen SDB released a statement on his personal blog, in which he wrote: "Many tendentious generalizations in the documents [of the motu proprio] have hurt the hearts of many good people more than expected". He added that he believed that many people who had been hurt by the restrictions "have never given the smallest reason to be suspected of not accepting the liturgical reform of the [Second Vatican Council]".[35]

Cardinal

Vatican II "more or less in its entirety". He added that some faithful who attend the Tridentine Mass have turned Benedict XVI's efforts at reconciliation into division, and thus struck at the "very heart of the unity of the Church".[36]

The president of the

USCCB, José Horacio Gómez, states: "I welcome the Holy Father’s desire to foster unity among Catholics who celebrate the Roman Rite. As these new norms are implemented, I encourage my brother bishops to work with care, patience, justice, and charity as together we foster a Eucharistic renewal in our nation".[37][38]

The

Eucharistic renewal. None can dispense with it".[39]

American

SJ, wrote in America: "Overall, I agree with Francis's motu proprio, not simply based on my own experience of the growing divisiveness over the Mass, but even more on his consultation with bishops around the world who have weighed in on the experiences of the People of God".[40]

Monsignor Eric Barr, a retired priest of the Diocese of Rockford defended the Pope's decision in an article on the Catholic Herald: he argued that the traditionalist Catholic movement had become divisive among the Church, rejecting many of its arguments and stressing the need for liturgical unity in the Church.[41]

It has been reported that Traditionis custodes demonstrated the growing influence of the liturgical faculty of the Sant'Anselmo University at the Vatican, as the newly appointed secretary and undersecretary of the CDW, Vittorio Francesco Viola OFM and Aurelio García Macías [es], both studied at the institute.[42] Andrea Grillo, an Italian professor of sacramental theology at the institute sometimes described as "the mind behind the motu proprio" Traditionis custodes, stated that Traditionis custodes restored "the 'elementary' and 'healthy' logic of the universal validity of a single Roman rite, without any possibility, unless exceptional or personal, of the parallel validity of an ‘earlier’ form of the Roman rite".[43]

In a 4 August 2021 reply letter to

prefect of the CDW, stated in his reply "of a personal nature" that the Tridentine Mass had been "abrogated by Pope Saint Paul VI". The CDW at this moment had not released a guideline on the application of Traditionis custodes. It was noted that Roche's declaration contradicted that of Benedict XVI in his 2007 letter to the world's bishops accompanying Summorum Pontificum, in which the Pope wrote that the Tridentine Mass was "never juridically abrogated".[44] In an interview with Catholic News Service in January 2022, archbishop Arthur Roche stated that the steps that were being taken on restricting the use of the 1962 missal was something that was mandated by the Second Vatican Council. Roche said that if the faithful did not take Traditionis custodes seriously, then those faithful would be making "a serious decision". In the same interview, Roche clarified that the motu propio was issued not only due to concerns about ecclesial unity, but also due to the fact that after Benedict XVI had lifted restrictions on the old rite, the old rite was being promoted rather than just being seen as a concession to those who were attached to said rite.[45] In April 2023, Arthur Roche states the restriction on the Tridentine mass was necessary, because "the theology of the Church has changed". He explains that before the liturgical reforms only the priest was celebrating the liturgy, but that now in the Mass of Paul VI all those present during the Eucharist participate in the liturgy.[46]

Pope Benedict XVI

Upon the death of Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter stated that the publication of Traditionis custodes had prompted Pope Benedict to send a letter of encouragement to the Fraternity.[47][48] In a 1 January 2023 interview to Die Tagespost, Benedict's former secretary Georg Gänswein stated that Benedict had read Traditionis custodes "with pain in his heart".[49][50][51][52] In his book Nothing but the Truth, released 12 January 2022, Georg Gänswein wrote that Benedict considered the restriction of the Tridentine mass to be "a mistake" since it "jeopardized the attempt at pacification" between the Tridentine Mass and the Mass of Paul VI; Gänswein also related that "Benedict in particular felt it was wrong to prohibit the celebration of Mass in the ancient rite in parochial churches".[53][54]

Traditionalist Catholics

Traditionalist Catholics "immediately decried [Traditionis custodes] as an attack on them and the ancient liturgy".[14] The Tablet, a British Catholic publication, reported that many traditionalist Catholics were angered by Traditionis custodes, further stating that traditionalists expressed concern that certain bishops would use the motu proprio to prohibit the Tridentine Mass within their dioceses.[55]

this Congregation whose authority in this matter is undisputed".[23]

The

Fœderatio Internationalis Una Voce released an official statement in which it rejected the idea that those who performed or assisted to Tridentine Masses were disobedient to the Catholic Church and the Second Vatican Council.[59]

The Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter in a communiqué said it "ha[d] received Pope Francis' Motu Proprio Traditionis custodes with surprise". It adds that since the Fraternity is approved canonically, and had always been faithful to the "entire Magisterium of the Church" and to the pope, "[t]oday, therefore the Fraternity of St. Peter is deeply saddened by the reasons given for limiting the use of the Missal of Pope St. John XXIII, which is at the center of its charism".[60][61][62] On 21 February 2022, the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter announced that on 4 February, they had a meeting with Pope Francis who informed them that the institutes whose reason for existence is the use of the Tridentine Mass, and its associated Liturgical books, were unaffected by the motu proprio. The FSSP also stated the Pope issued a decree granting the members of the Fraternity to the ability to celebrate the Mass other the sacraments and rites according to the typical editions of the liturgical books in force in 1962.[63]

On the other hand, Bishop Fernando Arêas Rifan, Apostolic Administrator of the Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney, expressed support for the motu proprio, considering it a necessary move against the abuses that many traditionalists were commiting in using the Tridentine Mass as a way to attack the Pope and the Second Vatican Council.[64]

Public opinion

A September 2021 survey conducted by the Pew Research Center found that roughly two-thirds of U.S. Catholics were unaware of the new restrictions. Among weekly mass attending U.S. Catholics, 29% disapproved of the new restrictions, 11% approved, 17% had no opinion, and 42% were unaware of them.[65][66]

Society of Saint Pius X

hermeneutics of continuity, with its equivocations, illusions and impossible efforts, is radically over – swept aside with a wave of a sleeve. These clear-cut measures do not directly affect the Society of Saint Pius X. However, they must be an occasion for us to reflect deeply on the situation". He added that "the Tridentine Mass expresses and conveys a conception of Christian life – and consequently, a conception of the Catholic Church – that is absolutely incompatible with the ecclesiology that emerged from the Second Vatican Council". He also stated: "May this 'shock', provoked by the harshness of the official texts of July 16th, serve to renew, deepen and rediscover our attachment to the Tridentine Mass!".[67][68][69]

Academics

Diocesan bishops are given broad responsibility with regard to the use of the former liturgy".[56]

Christopher Bellitto, professor of church history at Kean University, said Francis was right to intervene, noting that Benedict XVI's original decision had had numerous unintended consequences that not only split the church but temporarily roiled relations with Jews. "Francis hits it right on the head with his observation that Benedict’s 2007 loosening of regulations against the Latin rite allowed others to use it for division. The blowback[d] proves his point".[14]

Mass of John XXIII the only form of pre-concilar Mass of the Roman Rite now permitted. He believes that Francis acted because in the 2020 survey "many bishops spoke a clearer language than was otherwise heard in public".[70]

Douglas Farrow, professor of theology and ethics at McGill University, wrote: "In sum: Traditionis Custodes, alas, confirms that the old Mass has indeed become a proxy in the fight over the legacy of Vatican II, as much on the one side as on the other. It also confirms that in Rome rigidity is the order of the day".[71]

Journalists

Pope Francis' decision was interpreted by the priest

sociological" decision relating to unity in the Catholic Church than a judgement of the Tridentine Missal's spiritual qualities.[72]

Michael Sean Winters writes:[73]

Aficionados of the old rite like to talk about how that rite uniquely conveys the sense that each Mass is a part of the one eternal sacrifice of Christ […]. If the Eucharist is, as Vatican II taught, the source and summit of the Catholic faith, then we know that when the celebration of the Eucharist fails to serve the unity of the church, something is wrong, and it isn't ever the fault of him whose sacrifice we commemorate.

The New York Times columnist Ross Douthat was critical of the work, contrasting the action with Pope Francis' stress on the need to accompany people, stating: "Accompaniment for some, slow strangulation of their rites for others".[56][74]

Implementation

Central America

On 20 July 2021, the Episcopal Conference of Costa Rica stated no Tridentine Mass would be allowed in any of their dioceses.[75]

United States

See also: Roman Rite in the United States

According to

Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter (FSSP).[76]

Several American bishops (including Scharfenberger, Aquila, and Cordileone) stressed that even under the new guidelines the Tridentine Mass would continue to be offered in their dioceses.[77][78]

On 23 July 2021, Catholic News Agency reported on a survey of dioceses. The results were that although the majority of dioceses had not commented on the disposition of Traditionis custodes, most of the United States bishops who had to date issued statements on said dispositions had decided that priests who were already celebrating the Traditional Latin Mass may continue to do so.[79]

United Kingdom

In England, the first personal parish for celebration of the Tridentine Mass had been established in 2018, three years before Traditionis custodes would prohibit further creation of such parishes. The Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales did not issue a general statement regarding the celebration of the Tridentine Mass under the new regulations. Certain regularly-scheduled Tridentine Masses were permanently cancelled at the behest of local bishops within the first week, while other ordinaries stated they would grant temporary permissions until they had reviewed the motu proprio.[80] These restrictions to the celebration of the Tridentine Mass caused membership of the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales to increase.[81]

Desiderio desideravi

On 29 June 2022, the

John Paul II. He adds that since Sacrosanctum Concilium "expresses the reality of the liturgy", he had stressed in Traditionis custodes that the reformed Vatican II liturgy is "the unique expression of the lex orandi of the Roman Rite". He states that "we cannot go back to that ritual form which the [Vatican II] Council fathers [...] felt the need to reform". He wrote Traditionis custodes, he continues, because the liturgical books of Paul VI and John Paul II "guaranteed the fidelity of the reform of the [Vatican II] Council", and because Francis wanted that "the Church may lift up, in the variety of so many languages, one and the same prayer capable of expressing her unity". He states he was determined to make it so that "unity be re-established in the whole Church of the Roman Rite".[82][83][84][85]

Notes

  1. 1 Corinthians
    1:12 and 3:4.
  2. ^ Since Praedicate evangelium's entry into force on 5 June 2022, it is called the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments (DDW).
  3. ^ The Tridentine Latin Mass does not normally permit concelebrating outside of the cases of the ordination of priests and bishops.[12][21]
  4. ^ According to the Associated Press, Traditionis custodes suffered a fierce blowback.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Responsa ad dubia on certain provisions of the Apostolic Letter Traditionis custodes issued 'Motu Proprio' by the Supreme Pontiff Francis (4 December 2021)". www.vatican.va. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Wooden, Cindy (16 July 2021). "Appealing to need for unity, pope restores limits on pre-Vatican II Mass". Catholic News Service. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  3. Baltimore, MD: Archdiocese of Baltimore
    . 19 January 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  4. ISBN 978-0-8146-1364-1
    .
  5. Congregation for Divine Worship. 1971. Retrieved 16 July 2021 – via EWTN
    .
  6. ^ Capponi, Neri (Winter 1996). "Bishops Against the Pope: The Motu Proprio 'Ecclesia Dei' and the Extension of the Indult". The Latin Mass. Fort Collins, CO: Foundation for Catholic Reform – via EWTN.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u O'Connell, Gerard (16 July 2021). "Pope Francis restricts celebration of the pre-Vatican II Latin Mass in new decree". America Magazine. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  8. ^ Colin B. Donovan, STL. "Questions and Answers Regarding Summorum Pontificum". EWTN. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Allen, Elise Ann (16 July 2021). "Francis reverses Benedict's liberalization of use of older Latin Mass". Crux. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  10. ^ "Vatican sends extraordinary form Mass survey to world's bishops". Catholic News Agency. 27 April 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n CNA Staff (16 July 2021). "Breaking: Pope Francis Issues Restrictions on Extraordinary Form Masses in New Motu Proprio". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  12. ^ a b Ferrone, Rita (19 October 2021). "Pope Francis did not create the divisions around the Latin Mass. He inherited them". America Magazine. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  13. ^ "Pope Francis returns to Vatican 10 days after successful operation". America Magazine. 14 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Winfield, Nicole (16 July 2021). "Pope reverses Benedict, reimposes restrictions on Latin Mass". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  15. ^ a b c d e f "Letter of the Holy Father to the Bishops of the whole world, that accompanies the Apostolic Letter Motu Proprio data "Traditionis custodes" (16 July 2021) | Francis". www.vatican.va. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  16. ^ a b "New norms regarding use of 1962 Roman Missal: Bishops given greater responsibility". Vatican News. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  17. ^ "Pope Francis announces a requiem for the Old Latin Mass". international.la-croix.com. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  18. ^ a b c d e f Brockhaus, Hannah. "Traditionis custodes: Vatican further tightens restrictions on Traditional Latin Mass". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  19. ^ a b c d e f "Celebration of old rite: Holy See responds to questions presented by bishops". Vatican News. 18 December 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  20. ^ a b c d e Wooden, Cindy (18 December 2021). "Vatican answers questions on limits regarding pre-Vatican II Mass". Catholic News Service. Archived from the original on 18 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
  21. ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Concelebration". www.newadvent.org.
  22. ^ "Respona ad Dubia on certain provisions of the Apostolic Letter Traditionis Custodes". Vatican. 4 December 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  23. ^ a b "Archbishop Roche on 'Traditionis Custodes' and Its Guidelines: 'The Litugical Possibilities Are in Place'". NCR. 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  24. ^ a b Arnold, Tyler (21 February 2023). "Traditional Latin Mass attendees waiting to see impact of new Vatican restrictions". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  25. ^ Winfield, Nicole (21 February 2023). "Pope intervenes again to restrict celebration of Latin Mass". AP NEWS. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  26. ^ a b "Pope Francis clarifies two points of 'Traditionis custodes'". Vatican News. 21 February 2023. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  27. ^ a b O'Connell, Gerard (21 February 2023). "Pope Francis reaffirms bishops must get Vatican approval to allow Latin Mass". America Magazine. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
  28. ^ "RESCRIPTUM EX AUDIENTIA SS.MI". www.vatican.va. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  29. ^ Lawler, Phil (21 February 2023). "Ex post facto legislation from the Holy See?". Catholic Culture. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  30. ^ Altieri, Christopher R. (18 February 2023). "Tension under the Vatican big top". Catholic World Report. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  31. ^ Flynn, JD (21 February 2023). "The rescript, Lent, and prayers for Bishop O'Connell". The Pillar. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  32. ^ a b "Latin Mass Supporters React With Dismay to Pope's Severe New Restrictions". NCR. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  33. ^ Bermudez, Alejandro (22 July 2021). "Cardinal Burke questions Pope Francis' authority to eliminate the Traditional Latin Mass". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  34. ^ Mares, Courtney (19 July 2021). "Cardinal Müller critiques Pope Francis' 'harsh' response to extraordinary form, compared to German Synodal Way". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  35. ^ Brockhaus, Hannah (21 July 2021). "Cardinal Zen reacts to restrictions on Traditional Latin Masses". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  36. ^ "Cardinal Kasper Responds to Pope Francis' New Motu Proprio on the Mass". NCR. 23 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  37. ^ "Bishops respond to Pope Francis' document restricting the Traditional Latin Mass". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  38. ^ "U.S. Bishops Conference President Responds to Holy Father's Apostolic Letter Motu Proprio "On the Use of the Roman Liturgy Prior to the Reform of 1970" | USCCB". www.usccb.org. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  39. ^ CNA Staff (17 July 2021). "Traditionis custodes: Bishops express 'esteem' for Traditional Latin Mass communities". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  40. America Magazine. Retrieved 20 July 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link
    )
  41. ^ Barr, Msgr Eric (21 July 2021). "Four reasons Francis had to restrict the traditional Latin Mass". Catholic Herald.
  42. ^ Gagliarducci, Andrea (22 July 2021). "The increasing influence of the liturgical school Sant'Anselmo in the Vatican". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  43. ^ "D.C. 'Traditionis custodes' plan to publish Friday". The Pillar. 21 July 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
  44. ^ CNA Staff (8 November 2021). "Vatican liturgy chief: Traditional Latin Mass 'abrogated by Pope St. Paul VI'". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  45. ^ Wooden, Cindy (21 January 2022). "Archbishop says most bishops see importance of 'Traditionis Custodes'". Catholic News Service. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  46. ^ "Latin Mass suppressed because theology changed: Cardinal Roche | News Headlines". www.catholicculture.org. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  47. ^ "Décès du Pape émérite Benoît XVI – FSSP" (in French). Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  48. ^ Flynn, JD (2 January 2023). "Benedict, Francis, and the future of papal retirements". The Pillar. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  49. ^ "Gänswein: Papst-Erlass zur Alten Messe schmerzte Benedikt XVI". www.katholisch.de (in German). Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  50. ^ kath.net (3 January 2023). "Gänswein: Benedikt XVI. habe "Traditionis custodes" "mit Schmerz im Herzen" gelesen". kath.net katholische Nachrichten (in German). Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  51. ^ "Georg Gänswein: Papst-Erlass zur Alten Messe schmerzte Benedikt XVI". kath.ch. 2 January 2023.
  52. ^ "Archbishop Georg Gänswein Reveals that Pope Francis' Liturgical Reform "Hit Hard" Benedict XVI's Heart". Zenit News Agency. 4 January 2023. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
  53. ^ Coppen, Luke (12 January 2023). "'Nothing but the Truth': A reader's guide to Archbishop Gänswein's memoir". The Pillar.
  54. ^ Caldwell, Simon (4 January 2023). "Curbs on Traditional Latin Mass 'broke Pope Benedict's heart'". Catholic Herald.
  55. ^ Lamb, Christopher (16 July 2021). "Pope issues restrictions on 'divisive' Old Rite". The Tablet. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  56. ^ a b c Mares, Courtney. "Catholics react to Pope Francis' sweeping restrictions on extraordinary form Masses". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  57. ^ "Some Comments on the Apostolic Letter 'Traditionis Custodes'". lms.org.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  58. ^ Cairns, Madoc (11 January 2022). "The Responsa, authored by Archbishop Arthur Roche, has been heavily criticised by liturgical traditionalists". The Tablet. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  59. ^ "Official Statement of the Fœderatio Internationalis Una Voce regarding the Motu Proprio "Traditionis Custodes"". Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  60. ^ Rousselle, Christine (20 July 2021). "FSSP says it is 'deeply saddened' by Pope Francis' restrictions on the Latin Mass". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  61. ^ "Official communiqué following the publication of the Motu Proprio Traditionis Custodes". FSSP. 20 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  62. ^ "'Traditionis custodes': la Fraternité Saint-Pierre affirme sa loyauté". Portail catholique suisse (in French). 22 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  63. ^ Mares, Courtney. "FSSP says Pope Francis has issued decree confirming its use of 1962 liturgical books". Catholic News Agency. Vatican City. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  64. ^ Arêas Rifan, Fernando (20 July 2021). "Como católicos aceptamos esta guía del Papa Francisco". InfoCatólica (in Spanish).
  65. ^ Jones, Kevin. J (8 October 2021). "Churchgoing Catholics disapprove of limits on Traditional Latin Mass, but Pope Francis still popular". Catholic News Agency.
  66. ^ Smith, Gregory A. (7 October 2021). "Two-thirds of U.S. Catholics unaware of pope's new restrictions on traditional Latin Mass". Pew Research Center.
  67. ^ "Letter from Father Pagliarani about the motu proprio "Traditionis custodes"". FSSPX.Actualités / FSSPX.News. Society of Saint Pius X. 23 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  68. ^ "Letter from Father Pagliarani about the motu proprio "Traditionis custodes"". General House. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  69. ^ "Rite tridentin: "Deux messes édifient deux cités", dit la FSSPX". Portail catholique suisse (in French). 23 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  70. ^ "Franziskus korrigiert Benedikts problematischen Eingriff: Ein notwendiger und konsequenter Schritt" [Francis corrects Benedict's problematic intervention: a necessary and consequent step] (in German). Katholischen Medienzentrums. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  71. ^ Farrow, Douglas (18 July 2021). "Pope Francis and the Tridentine Mass". First Things. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  72. ^ "Pope Francis' Traditionis Custodes: Five Consequences of the New Motu Proprio Curtailing the Latin Mass". National Catholic Register. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  73. ^ Michael Sean Winters (16 July 2021). "On the Latin Mass, Pope Francis pulls off the Band-Aid". National Catholic Reporter. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  74. ^ Douthat, Ross (27 July 2021). "The Ungovernable Catholic Church". New York Times.
  75. ^ ACI Prensa. "Costa Rican bishops prohibit celebration of extraordinary form liturgies". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  76. ^ Hodge, Brendan (19 July 2021). "How extraordinary is the Extraordinary Form? The frequency of the 'usus antiquior'". The Pillar. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  77. ^ Rousselle, Christine (16 July 2021). "Archbishop Cordileone: Traditional Latin Mass will continue in San Francisco". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  78. ^ Hadro, Matt (19 July 2021). "More bishops issue statements on Latin Mass, following papal document". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  79. ^ "Pope Francis' Latin Mass restrictions: Has your diocese responded yet?". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  80. ^ "English cardinal to grant faculties to priests fulfilling conditions of Traditionis custodes". London: Catholic News Agency. 23 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  81. ^ Dodd, Liz; Milbank, Sebastian (19 July 2021). "Catholics flock to Latin Mass Society as parishes drop Old Rite Masses". The Tablet.
  82. ^ "What does Pope Francis say in his new apostolic letter on the liturgy?". The Pillar. 29 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  83. ^ Brockhaus, Hannah (29 June 2022). "Pope Francis pens letter on liturgy after Traditionis custodes". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  84. ^ Pentin, Edward (29 June 2022). "Pope Francis' New Letter Addresses Liturgical Formation and the Beauty of the Mass". NCR. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  85. ^ "Pope: 'Overcome polemics about the liturgy to rediscover its beauty'". Vatican News. 29 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.

Further reading

External links

Texts of Francis

Official instructions

Miscellaneous

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traditionis_custodes&oldid=1218641646"