Phenotypic trait

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Trait (biology)
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This article is about traits in biology. For other uses, see Trait (disambiguation).
Eye color is an example of a (physical) phenotypic trait

A phenotypic trait,

great apes, relative to other primate groups.[6]

Definition

A

biochemical pathways, and even messenger RNA.[citation needed
]

Genetic origin of traits in diploid organisms

Different phenotypic traits are caused by different forms of

genes, or alleles, which arise by mutation in a single individual and are passed on to successive generations. [8]

Biochemistry of dominance and extensions to expression of traits

The biochemistry of the intermediate proteins determines how they interact in the cell. Therefore, biochemistry predicts how different combinations of alleles will produce varying traits.[citation needed]

Extended expression patterns seen in diploid organisms include facets of

multiple alleles. Incomplete dominance is the condition in which neither allele dominates the other in one heterozygote. Instead the phenotype is intermediate in heterozygotes. Thus you can tell that each allele is present in the heterozygote.[9] Codominance refers to the allelic relationship that occurs when two alleles are both expressed in the heterozygote, and both phenotypes are seen simultaneously.[10] Multiple alleles refers to the situation when there are more than 2 common alleles of a particular gene. Blood groups in humans is a classic example. The ABO blood group
proteins are important in determining blood type in humans, and this is determined by different alleles of the one locus.[11]

Continuum versus categorical traits

Schizotypy is an example of a psychological phenotypic trait found in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Studies have shown that gender and age influences the expression of schizotypal traits.[12] For instance, certain schizotypal traits may develop further during adolescence, whereas others stay the same during this period.[12]

See also

Citations

  1. ISBN 9781107117648
    .
  2. ISBN 9780231127004
    .
  3. ^ "Reconstructing trees: A step by step method – Understanding Evolution". 29 May 2021.
  4. PMID 26715586
    .
  5. ISBN 0-13-127384-1
  6. ISBN 9781501752773
    .
  7. ^ *Campbell, Neil; Reece, Jane, Biology, Benjamin Cummings
  8. PMID 17567988
    .
  9. ^ Bailey, Regina. "What is incomplete dominance". About.com.
  10. ^ McClean, Philip. "Variations to Mendel's First Law of Genetics".
  11. ^ Unknown. "Multiple Alleles".
  12. ^
    PMID 22867505
    .

References
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