Trams in Budapest
Trams in Budapest | |||||||||||||
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standard gauge | |||||||||||||
Propulsion system(s) | Electricity | ||||||||||||
Stock | 610[2] | ||||||||||||
Statistics | |||||||||||||
Route length | 174 km (108 mi)[3] | ||||||||||||
Stops | 630[3] | ||||||||||||
2011 | 393.4 million[4] | ||||||||||||
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Website | https://bkk.hu/en/ Budapesti Közlekedési Központ (BKK) (in English) |
The tram network of Budapest is part of the
As of 2023[update], the tram network is made up of 35 regular lines (26 main lines and 9 supplemental lines) and the
History
The early days
The first horse-tram line in Budapest was inaugurated on 30 July 1866 between
By 1885, Budapest had as many as 15 horsecar lines[8] but since it was obvious that the technology was obsolete. A steam-driven suburban railway line from Közvágóhíd (Slaughterhouse) to Soroksár, run by HÉV, was separately introduced in 1887; two more lines soon followed.[5]
Around this same time, Mór Balázs suggested that a new, electric tram system should be introduced to Budapest. It was
The second step in the expansion of the system were two 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Even though not a tram line per se, the first underground line in
In the first years, trams had no numbers but coloured circular signals instead, for example, a simple red, green, blue or black disk; a red disk with a vertical white stripe or a cross; a white disk with a green 8-pointed green star, etc. This, of course, quickly became very cumbersome so around 1900, when there were already 30 lines, each line got a number – BVV, which was renamed to BVVV (Budapesti Villamos Városi Vasút (English: Budapest Electric City Trains)) got the even numbers; odd numbers were assigned to a rival transport company, BKVT (Budapesti Közúti Vaspálya Társaság (English: Budapest Road Rail Company)).[9]
In the last year of the First World War, there were already 1,072 tram trains running in Budapest or on the outskirts of the capital. This fleet carried more than 382 million passengers in Budapest in 1918.[12]
The dynamically growing network brought new companies: two of them served Újpest, the northern part of Pest, one Pestszentlőrinc, which then was a separate town, and one the southern part of Buda and the then-separate village Budafok. These companies were joined together in 1923 by the name BSZKRT (Budapest Székesfővárosi Közlekedési Rt. (English: Budapest Capital Transport Co)). It was during 1939-1944 that the most tram lines (66) existed in the city.[9]
After World War II
The siege of Budapest left the city with a crippled infrastructure: many houses were destroyed, as well as the bridges bombed, electric cables torn. It was of course of utmost importance to restore the transport network, however, many trams were destroyed either in the siege or in a depot fire that occurred in 1947. This might have been the cause that decisionmakers suggested that trolleybus lines should replace trams in the city centre.[13] Along with cost considerations it is important to note that trolleybuses might be better suited for the downtown area than trams: they turn more easily and produce significantly less noise.
While some tram lines were abolished in favour of trolleybuses, the expansion of the system did not stop. Near
In 1968 there were 83 tram lines in Budapest (10 of which night services) thus reaching the largest extent of the network since
While many lines were closed down, a significant one was rising: tram 33 was shut down for the renovation of
Present and future
As of 2024, it seems that the local governments have shifted towards a more tram-friendly view: line 1 and 3 were renovated
Lines and developments
As of 2023[update], it was composed of 35 regular lines (26 main lines and 9 supplemental lines denoted by an 'A' or 'B' after the route number) and the Budapest Cog-wheel Railway. Only route 6 offers 24-hour service, while most other lines run between 5 a.m. and 11 p.m.
Line | Route | Length (km) | Stations | Ride time (minutes) | Rolling stock | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bécsi út / Vörösvári út ↔ Kelenföld vasútállomás | 18.3 | 32 | 52 |
|
|
1A | Bécsi út / Vörösvári út ↔ Népliget | 11.2 | 20 | 31 |
|
|
2 | Jászai Mari tér ↔ Közvágóhíd | 6.0 | 13 | 20 | Ganz KCSV–7 | |
2B | Jászai Mari tér ↔ Pesterzsébet, Pacsirtatelep | 13.9 Southbound
15.0 Northbound |
33 / 35 | 48 / 58 | Ganz KCSV–7 | |
3 | Mexikói út ↔ Gubacsi út / Határ út | 13.3 | 32 | 51 | CAF Urbos 3, TW 6000 | |
4 | Széll Kálmán tér ↔ Újbuda-központ | 8.5 | 19 | 30 | Siemens Combino | |
6 | Széll Kálmán tér ↔ Móricz Zsigmond körtér | 8.3 | 19 | 29 | Siemens Combino | [a] |
12 | Angyalföld kocsiszín ↔ Rákospalota, Kossuth utca | 4.7 | 11 | 17 | Tatra T5C5K | |
14 | ↔ Káposztásmegyer, Megyeri út | 11. | 24 | 33 | Tatra T5C5K | |
17 | Bécsi út / Vörösvári út ↔ Savoya Park | 14.7 | 37 | 51 |
|
|
19 | Bécsi út / Vörösvári út ↔ Kelenföld vasútállomás | 11.2 | 24 | 38 |
|
|
23 | Jászai Mari tér ↔ | 9.4 | 20 | 32 / 34 | Ganz KCSV–7 | [b] |
24 | 5.2 | 12 | 19 |
|
||
28 | (Népszínház utca) ↔ Izraelita temető | 10.8 | 26 | 39 |
|
[c] |
28A | Blaha Lujza tér (Népszínház utca) ↔ Új köztemető (Kozma utca)
|
10.1 | 25 | 37 |
|
|
37 | Blaha Lujza tér (Népszínház utca) ↔ Új köztemető (Kozma utca)
|
9.7 | 23 | 30 |
|
[d] |
37A | Sörgyár
|
5.8 | 14 | 19 | TW 6000 | |
41 | Bécsi út / Vörösvári út ↔ Kamaraerdei Ifjúsági Park | 18.4 | 39 | 62 | Tatra T5C5K | |
42 | Határ út ↔ Kispest, Tulipán utca | 3.0 | 7 | 8–9 |
|
|
47 | Deák Ferenc tér ↔ Városház tér | 8.8 | 21 | 31 | Ganz CSMG | |
48 | Deák Ferenc tér ↔ Savoya Park | 8.0 | 18 | 27 | Ganz CSMG | [e] |
49 | Deák Ferenc tér ↔ Kelenföld vasútállomás | 5.4 | 12 | 20–21 | Ganz CSMG | |
50 | Határ út ↔ Pestszentlőrinc, Béke tér | 8.0 | 20 | 24–26 | CAF Urbos 3, TW 6000 | |
51 | Mester utca / Ferenc körút ↔ Nagysándor József utca | 6.5 / 8 | 15 / 24 | 24 / 30 | TW 6000 | |
51A | Mester utca / Ferenc körút ↔ Koppány utca | 2.2 | 8 / 7 | 10-11 | TW 6000 | [f] |
52 | Határ út ↔ Pesterzsébet, Pacsirtatelep | 6.9 | 17 / 16 | 25 | TW 6000 | |
56 | Hűvösvölgy ↔ Városház tér | 16.9 | 37 | 55 | Tatra T5C5K | [g] |
56A | Hűvösvölgy ↔ Móricz Zsigmond körtér | 11.2 | 23 | 35 | Tatra T5C5K | |
59 | Szent János Kórház ↔ Márton Áron tér | 5.2 | 15 | 19-20 | Tatra T5C5K | |
59A | Széll Kálmán tér ↔ Márton Áron tér | 4.1 | 12 | 15-16 | Tatra T5C5K | |
59B | Hűvösvölgy ↔ Márton Áron tér | 10.6 | 26 | 34 | Tatra T5C5K | [h] |
60 | Városmajor ↔ Széchenyihegy | 3.7 | 7 | 15 | Custom SGP MUs | [i] |
61 | Hűvösvölgy ↔ Móricz Zsigmond körtér | 10.9 | 26 | 33-34 | Tatra T5C5K | |
62 | Rákospalota, MÁV-telep ↔ Blaha Lujza tér (Népszínház utca) | 13.5 | 33 / 34 | 50-52 | TW 6000 | [j] |
62A | Rákospalota, MÁV-telep ↔ Kőbánya alsó vasútállomás (Mázsa tér) | 9.2 | 23 | 34 | TW 6000 | [k] |
69 | Mexikói út ↔ Újpalota, Erdőkerülő utca | 6.5 | 15 | 21-22 | TW 6000 |
Discontinued lines
It is not always straightforward to decide whether a tram line still exists in Budapest since throughout the decades some numbers may have been carried by several lines (not at the same time though), so some numbers might have appeared and disappeared throughout time. Some lines were assigned new numbers so even though there is no line with that specific number, there is a line on exactly the same route. Of course, existing lines might have been lengthened or shortened, so this also makes it hard to exactly define a tram line. Still, the following table tries to summarize these data – termini and dates refer to the last time the number was used.
Number of the line | Termini | Inauguration and disappearance |
---|---|---|
2A | Jászai Mari tér – Boráros tér H | 1973–2013 |
5 | Flórián tér – Hévízi úti lakótelep | 1950–1974 |
7 | Óbudai kocsiszín – Margit híd, budai hídfő | 1946–1961 |
7i | Fóti út – Rákospalota, Kossuth utca | 1967-1974 |
8 | Újpesti piac – Megyeri út | 1955–1980 |
9 | Batthyány tér – Budafok, Városház tér
|
1920–1986 |
9A | Móricz Zsigmond körtér – Albertfalva kitérő | 1961–1972 |
10 | Rákospalota, Kossuth utca – Megyeri csárda | 1954–1985 |
11 | Margit híd, budai hídfő – Bécsi út | 1950–1981 |
13 | Örs vezér tere – Gubacsi út
|
1955–2001 |
15 | Jászai Mari tér – Újpesti vasúti híd | 1940–1977 |
15A | Jászai Mari tér – Váci út | 1963–1977 |
18 | Széll Kálmán tér - Savoya Park | 1949-2016 |
20 | Ferenc körút
|
until 1977 |
22 | Nagyvásártelep – Boráros tér | 1932–1970 |
23 | Baross tér (Festetics György utca) – Ferenc körút
|
1928–2000 |
23A | Népliget – Közvágóhíd
|
1953-1964, 1976-1980 |
24G | Keleti pályaudvar – Mester utca / Ferenc körút
|
2015–2020 |
25 | Állatkert (Budapest Zoo) – Thököly út
|
1920–1973 |
26 | Rókus kórház – Eskü tér | 1910–1956 |
26A | Kőrösi Csoma út – Orczy tér | 1942–1956 |
27 | Keleti Pályaudvar
|
1957–1959 |
29 | József körút – BNV főberjárat | 1925–1995 |
29Y | Baross tér (Festetics György utca) – BNV főberjárat | 1974–1995 |
31 | Közvágóhíd – Pacsirtatelep | 1973–1995 |
32i | Pesterzsébet, Nagy Sándor utca - Ganz-MÁVAG | 1967–1975 |
33 | Nyugati pályaudvar – Óbudai kocsiszín
|
1950–1981 |
34 | Közvágóhíd – Kálvin tér | 1949–1951 |
35 | Pacsirtatelep – Határ út – Pacsirtatelep | 1951-1953 |
36 | Keleti pályaudvar – Kápolna tér
|
1945–1994 |
38 | Rókus kórház – Ferenc József laktanya | 1920–1970 |
39 | Keleti pályaudvar – Új köztemető
|
1927–1932 |
40 | Pestszentimre – Pestszentlőrinc | 1947–1975 |
43 | Nagytétény – Móricz Zsigmond körtér | 1963–1972 |
44 | Keleti pályaudvar
|
1972–1995 |
45 | Március 15. tér – Keleti Pályaudvar
|
1952–1963 |
46 | Déli pályaudvar
|
1958–1963 |
47B | Kamaraerdei Ifjúsági Park – Deák Ferenc tér | 2016–2020 |
48 | Nyugati pályaudvar – Albertfalva kitérő
|
1957–1960 |
53 | Nyugati pályaudvar – Kispest, határ út
|
1950–1963 |
56 | Moszkva tér – Hűvösvölgy
|
1930–2008 |
67 | Keleti pályaudvar – Rákospalota, MÁV telep
|
1902–1997 |
Rolling stock
Current fleet[24]
As of 24 June 2021
Image | Tram type or subtype |
Number of cars | Fleet number | Constructed | Transportation in Budapest |
Depot Allocations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current | Original | ||||||
Ganz, CSMG–1 | 3 | (35) | 1301, 1313, 1318 | 1967–1968 | since 1967 | Baross, Budafok*, Ferencváros, Kelenföld | |
Ganz, CSMG–2 | 27 | (85) | 1342, 1349, 1360, 1363–1366, 1369, 1402, 1404, 1407, 1418–1419, 1427, 1433–1434, 1437–1445, 1448, 1450–1451 | 1970–1972, 1975 | since 1970 | ||
Ganz, CSMG–3 | 1 | (29) | 1461 | 1977 | since 1977 | Kelenföld | |
Ganz, KCSV–7 | 30 | 1321, 1325–1332, 1335–1337, 1339–1340, 1343–1348, 1350–1356, 1359, 1362, 1370 | 1997–1999 | since 1997 | Ferencváros | ||
Tatra T5C5
|
32 | (322) | 4000, 4014–4015, 4021, 4034–4036, 4044–4045, 4048, 4054–4055, 4154–4155, 4162, 4166–4167, 4171, 4200, 4272, 4277, 4288, 4320, 4322, 4325, 4332, 4335–4336, 4339, 4341, 4346, 4349 | 1978, 1980, 1984 | since 1978 | Angyalföld, Baross, Budafok* | |
Tatra T5C5K Tatra T5C5K2 Tatra T5C5K2M |
288 | 4001–4004, 4005, 4006–4012, 4013, 4016–4020, 4022–4033, 4037–4043, 4046–4047, 4049–4053, 4056–4120, 4122–4153, 4156–4161, 4163–4165, 4168–4170, 4201, 4202–4221, 4223–4271, 4273–4276, 4278–4287, 4289–4319, 4321, 4323–4324, 4326–4331, 4333–4334, 4337–4338, 4340, 4342–4345, 4347–4348 | 2002–2004, 2009– | since 2003 | Szépilona, Angyalföld | ||
TW 6000
|
83 | (93) | 1500–1508, 1510–1521, 1523–1524, 1526–1528, 1531–1538, 1540–1564, 1566–1573, 1575–1587, 1589–1590, 1592 | 1975–1978 | since 2001 | Ferencváros, Száva, Zugló | |
LHB TW 6000
|
21 | 1600–1602, 1604, 1606–1607, 1610–1624 | 1980–1982 | since 2012 | Száva | ||
40 | 2001–2040 | 2006–2007 | since 2006 | Hungária | |||
CAF Urbos 3 (9-module) |
17 | 2101–2117 | 2015–2016 | since 2016 | Budafok*, Hungária, Száva | ||
CAF Urbos 3 (5-module) |
56 | 2201–2256 | 2014–2016 | since 2015 |
Depots
Name | Location | Built | Operated vehicle types | Operated lines |
---|---|---|---|---|
Angyalföld kocsiszín | Budapest IV., Pozsonyi út 1. | 1896 | Tatra T5C5, Tatra T5C5K2 | 1, 12, 14, 17 |
Baross kocsiszín | Budapest VIII., Baross utca 132. | 1889 | Tatra T5C5 | 1 |
Budafok kocsiszín | Budapest XI., Fehérvári út 247. | 1899 | Tatra T5C5, Tatra T5C5K, CAF Urbos 3 | 1, 17, 19, 41, 56 |
Ferencváros kocsiszín | Budapest IX., Könyves Kálmán körút 7. | 1904 | Ganz CSMG, Ganz KCSV–7, TW 6000
|
2, 24, 28, 28A, 37, 37A, 51, 51A |
Hungária kocsiszín | Budapest VIII., Törökbecse utca 1. | 1912 | Combino Supra Budapest NF12B, CAF Urbos 3
|
1, 4, 6 |
Kelenföld kocsiszín | Budapest XI., Bartók Béla út 137. | 1912 | Ganz CSMG | 19, 47, 48, 49 |
Száva kocsiszín | Budapest IX., Üllői út 197. | 1913 | TW 6000, CAF Urbos 3
|
3, 42, 50, 52 |
Szépilona kocsiszín | Budapest II., Budakeszi út 9-11. | 1870 | Tatra T5C5K | 56, 56A, 59, 59A, 59B, 61 |
Zugló kocsiszín | Budapest XIV., Thököly út 173. | 1899 | TW 6000 , nostalgia Ganz UVs
|
3, 62, 62A, 69 |
See also
- BKV Zrt.
- Budapest Castle Hill Funicular
- Budapest Cog-wheel Railway
- Budapest Metro
- List of town tramway systems in Hungary
References
- ^ a b "Budapesti Közlekedési Központ - Timetables". Budapesti Közlekedési Központ (BKK). Retrieved 2013-10-17.
- ^ "Annual Report 2021" (PDF). BKV Zrt. 2021. p. 18. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
- ^ a b c "Annual Report 2011" (PDF). BKV Zrt. 2011. p. 48. Retrieved 2013-10-06.
- ^ a b "Annual Report 2011" (PDF). BKV Zrt. 2011. p. 4. Retrieved 2013-10-06.
- ^ a b c d e f g "The History of BKV, Part 1 - Development of community transport". BKV Zrt. Retrieved 2013-10-17.
- ^ "Vitézy Dávid: Budapesté a világ legforgalmasabb villamoshálózata". HVG. 15 June 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ Kéfer, Ádám (15 June 2023). "Budapesté a világ legforgalmasabb villamoshálózata". Index.hu. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ a b "The History of the Budapest Tram Transport". BKV Zrt. Retrieved 2013-10-17.
- ^ ISBN 978-615-5009-15-0.
- ISBN 978-615-5009-15-0.
- ISBN 978-615-5009-15-0.
- ^ BKV: 120 éves a budapesti villamos vasúti közlekedés [1]
- ISBN 978-615-5009-30-3.
- ISBN 978-963-7052-77-4.
- ISBN 978-963-7052-77-4.
- ^ Gábor Sandi. "Trams of Budapest in 1968". Retrieved 2012-05-18.
- ISBN 978-963-7052-77-4.
- ISBN 978-963-7052-77-4.
- ^ Index (2012-05-07). "Bevetik fűvel az 1-es villamos vágányait [Tram line 1 to be seeded with grass]" (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2012-05-18.
- ^ Index (2019-07-09). "Beért az 1-es villamos az Etele térre [Tram 1 has arrived at Etele Square]" (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2019-10-06.
- ^ "Villamossal a Havannára – hamarosan kezdődhet a 42-es villamosvonal meghosszabbításának tervezése". bkk.hu (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2024-04-07.
- ^ Index (2011-11-17). "Budapest: támadnak a villamosok [Budapest: attack of the trams]" (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2012-05-18.
- ^ "Villamossal Újbudától Újpestig – hamarosan elkezdődhet a pesti fonódó villamosprojekt II. ütemének előkészítése és tervezése". bkk.hu (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2024-04-07.
- ^ "Járműállomány (Budapest)". Retrieved 2021-04-02.
External links
- Budapesti Közlekedési Vállalat (BKV) - official site (in Hungarian)
- Budapesti Közlekedési Vállalat (BKV) - official site (in English)
- Budapest network map (including tram lines) (pdf)
- The GS Tram site - Budapest
- Villamosok.hu (in English)
- Trams of Hungary