Tramways in Île-de-France
Île-de-France tramway | |||
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standard gauge for conventional lines | |||
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The Île-de-France tramways (
Most lines (with the exceptions of lines T4, T9, T11 Express, and T13 Express) are operated by the
History
From 1855 to 1938, Paris was served by an extensive tramway network, predating the
Originally horse-powered, Paris trams used steam, as well as later pneumatic engines, then electricity. The funicular that operated in Belleville from 1891 to 1924 is sometimes erroneously thought of as a tramway, but was actually a cable car system. The first of the new generation of trams in Paris, the current Line T1, opened in 1992, with Line T2 opening in 1997 and Lines T3 and T4 in 2006. Lines T5 and T7, opened in 2013 while T6 and T8 opened in 2014. T11 Express opened in 2017, and T9 opened in 2021. T13 Express opened in 2022 and Line T10 opened in 2023. Lines T12 Express is currently under construction, the last part of the former Grande Ceinture Line that is not covered by Lines T11 Express and T13 Express.
Lines
Line | Opening[6] | Length | Stations | Operator | Track system | Technology |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1992[7] | 17.9 km (11.1 mi) | 37 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
1997[7] | 17.9 km (11.1 mi) | 24 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
2006[7] | 12.4 km (7.7 mi) | 25 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
2012[7] | 14.3 km (8.9 mi) | 26 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
2006[8] | 13.3 km (8.3 mi)[8] | 20 | SNCF | Conventional | Tram-train | |
2013[7] | 6.6 km (4.1 mi)[7] | 16 | RATP | Translohr | Tram | |
2014[9] | 14 km (8.7 mi)[9] | 21 | RATP | Translohr | Tram | |
2013[7] | 11.2 km (7.0 mi)[7] | 18 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
2014[9] | 8.5 km (5.3 mi)[9][10] | 17 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
2021[11] | 10.3 km (6.4 mi) | 19 | Keolis | Conventional | Tram | |
2023 | 6.8 km (4.2 mi) | 13 | RATP | Conventional | Tram | |
2017 | 11 km (6.8 mi) | 7 | Transkeo | Conventional | Tram-train | |
2023 | 20.4 km (12.7 mi) | 16 | Transkeo | Conventional | Tram-train | |
2022 | 18.8 km (11.7 mi) | 12 | Transkeo | Conventional | Tram-train | |
Total | 183.4 km (114.0 mi) | 271 |
T1
Line T1 currently connects
T2
Line T2 (Trans Val-de-Seine) connects the bridge of
T3a and T3b
Line T3 (Tramway des Maréchaux) is the first modern tramway line to actually enter Paris city itself. It is divided into two sections, called T3a and T3b, separated at the
T3a connects the
T4
Line T4 is an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi), 11-stop
T5
Tramway T5[14] is a Translohr tram-on-tyres[15] running along a mainly segregated "track" on the busy Route Nationale 1 (similar to the systems in Nancy or Caen) where it replaces the former bus lines 168 and 268. The 6.6-kilometre (4.1 mi) route[15] serves 16 stops[15] between Saint-Denis, Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, Sarcelles and Garges-lès-Gonesse. It has an interchange with T1 at its southernmost terminus, Marché de Saint-Denis, and with RER D at its northernmost terminus, the Garges-Sarcelles RER station.[16] Line T5 opened in July 2013.[17]
T6
Tramway Line 6 is a 14-kilometre (8.7 mi)
T7
Tramway Line 7 is an 11.2-kilometre (7.0 mi) route serving 18 stations
T8
Formerly known as Tram'y due to its opening-day Y-shape (while T4 got its Y-shape after its initial opening), this 8.46-kilometre (5.26 mi) tram line goes from the
T9
T9 is a tram line that runs between the
T10
T10 is a tram line from La Croix de Berny station in Antony to Clamart in the southwestern suburbs of Paris. It opened in 2023 with a length of 6.8 km (4.2 mi) and thirteen stops.
T11 Express
First "Express" tram line of the Parisian network — due to reusing the long-closed Grande Ceinture train line with only a handful of stations — Line T11 Express serves as the first of three lines to cover the former Grande Ceinture rail line and offers eventually a second circular railroad service around Paris, something the Paris public transport system sorely lacked for decades.
Line T11 Express opened in 2017 between the Épinay-sur-Seine and Le Bourget RER stations, the middle part of its expected full route between Sartrouville and Noisy-le-Sec RER stations. This full route project would make T11 the first tram line to connect every RER line currently in service.
T12 Express
T12 Express is a tram-train line between
T13 Express
T13 Express is a tram-train line between Saint-Germain-en-Laye and Saint-Cyr-l'École train stations (RER C and Transilien lines N and U) via the westernmost point of the gardens of Versailles with a length of 18.8 km (11.7 mi) and 11 stops. It opened on 6 July 2022. No extensions are planned.
Tvm
The
Network Map
See also
- List of tram stops in Île-de-France
- Transportation in Paris
- Trams in France
- List of town tramway systems in France
- List of tram and light rail transit systems
References
- ^ "Trafic version en ligne journalier". omnil.fe (in French). Retrieved 5 September 2023.
- ^ "Trafic version en ligne annuel". omnil.fe (in French). Retrieved 5 September 2023.
- ISBN 978-2-600-04536-0.
- ^ ISBN 978-2-86222-042-0.
- ISBN 978-1-4094-7115-8.
- ^ "RATP's tram network in Île-de-France". RATP. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "2013, another year of the tram". RATP. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ a b c "BIENVENUE SUR LA LIGNE T4" [WELCOME TO THE T4 LINE]. sncf.com (in French). SNCF Transilien. 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
- ^ a b c d "2014, the next year of the tram". RATP. Archived from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ "Paris opens tram Route T8". Railway Gazette International. 16 December 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ "T9 : ouverture le 10 avril - transportparis - Le webmagazine des transports parisiens". transportparis.canalblog.com (in French). 11 March 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- Trolley Wireissue 250 August 1992 pages 27/28
- ^ "Paris : Le tramway jusqu'à porte d'Asnières, c'est parti !". 23 November 2018.
- ^ "Tramway 5 - le T5 en ligne" [Tramway 5 - The T5 line] (in French). RATP. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
- ^ a b c "le T5 en ligne - Le projet - L'essentiel" [The T5 line - the project - essentials] (in French). RATP. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
- ^ Un nouveau tram en banlieue anous.fr (in French)[dead link]
- ^ "Home - In Ile-de-France - Extending the network - Tramway - Créations : T5". Archived from the original on 20 April 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
- ^ a b "Citadis remains popular in Paris". Railway Gazette International. 28 January 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
- ^ Valérie, Pécresse (24 February 2017). "Protocole cadre du T12" (PDF). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "BRT Rankings - Institute for Transportation and Development Policy". www.itdp.org. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2022.