Transdanubia

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Hungarian Transdanubia
Dunántúl
Írott-kő, Kőszeg Mountains
Lowest pointDanube river
TerrainMainly hilly, varied with mountains and plains

Transdanubia (

traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.[3]

Administrative divisions

Traditional interpretation

The borders of Transdanubia are the

Mura rivers (south), and the foothills of the Alps
roughly along the border between Hungary and Austria (west).

Transdanubia comprises the counties of

Pest that lies west of the Danube. (In the early Middle Ages the latter was known as Pilis county
.)

This article deals with Transdanubia in this geographical meaning.

Territorial changes

Regions in Hungary. The three Transdanubian regions in the west are shown in red, orange, and lavender.

While the northern, eastern and southern borders of the region are clearly marked by the

Paris Peace Treaty
in 1947. Transdanubia is essentially a Hungarian geographical concept so these areas ceased to be parts of it when they were annexed by neighbouring countries.

EU regions

Transdanubia is a

Pest county and Budapest belong to the region of Central Hungary
. It has an area of 37,000 km2 and a population of around 3.1 million.


Geography

Baranya County
, Hungary

The territory of the region is 38,000 km², and it comprises almost half of the whole territory of Hungary. In terms of

Lake Fertő
.

History

Historically the

Baranya. They comprised the so called Districtus Trans-Danubianus from the beginnings of the 18th century. The boundaries of these counties, established by Stephen I of Hungary
, remained unchanged for almost 900 years until 1920.

Ancient history

Transdanubia has been populated since the

) and rural villas.

Middle Ages

In the

Magyars and after 1000 became part of the Kingdom of Hungary
.

Transdanubia has been one of the most important regions of Hungary since the 11th century. Esztergom has been the ecclesiastical capital of the country since 1001 until today, and Stephen I of Hungary established his royal seat at Székesfehérvár, later the coronation town of the kings. Transdanubia was also the cradle of the Hungarian higher education. The first college was established in Veszprém, and the first university was established in Pécs in 1367. Other important medieval cities were Veszprém, Pécs, Győr and Sopron. After the devastating Mongol invasion (see Mongol invasion of Europe) new castles were built, and King Béla IV of Hungary established a new royal capital at Buda, next to the Danube. The region's rich medieval heritage is seen everywhere from the little village churches to the old castles, monasteries and town houses.

Early modern times

In the

Counter-reformation
, the fights for national independence from the Habsburgs and the formation of a new, powerful Catholic aristocracy.

In 1686 the allied Habsburg, Polish and Bavarian army reconquered Buda and terminated the Ottoman rule. In the 18th century the region was slowly rebuilt, and many new settlers (Magyars, Germans, Poles, Slovaks, and Croatians) arrived. Famous baroque castles were built to show the power of the big landowner families, for example the

Festetics in Keszthely
. The baroque townscape of the cities survived until today in Győr, Székesfehérvár, Pécs, etc.

In the 19th century Trandanubia underwent a

]

Modern times

Dorog, a small industrial town

Under the

Drave
.

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu Mira Kolar-Dimitrijević - Hrvoje Petrić: Triplex Confinium Sub-Project: What is Podravina multiple-bordered region?
  2. ^ sk:Zadunajsko
  3. .