Tribhuvan of Nepal
Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah | |||||
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Ishwari Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah | |||||
Issue (among others) | King Mahendra Prince Himalaya Prince Basundhara Princess Trilokya Princess Nalini Princess Vijaya Princess Bharati | ||||
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Nepali | श्री ५ महाराजाधिराज त्रिभुवन वीर विक्रम शाह देव | ||||
Dynasty | Shah dynasty | ||||
Father | Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah | ||||
Mother | Divyeshwari Lakshmi Devi Shah | ||||
Religion | Hinduism |
Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah (
Family
Tribhuvan was born on 30 June 1906 to Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah and Divyeshwari Lakshmi Devi Shah. After the death of his father, Tribhuvan ascended the throne on 11 December 1911, at the age of five. Queen Mother Divyeshwari Lakshmi Devi was appointed regent until Tribhuvan came of age.
He married at age 12 in a double ceremony. He married first at the
His first child and successor to the throne,
Later life
Tensions between the royal family and the Ranas began during
By the mid-1930s, popular discontent with the Ranas led to the establishment of several movements, notably the Nepal Praja Parishad, to which Tribhuvan himself gave his explicit support, to overthrow the Ranas. In each instance, however, the Ranas responded harshly, banning the liberal movements and executing their leaders.[citation needed] Tribhuvan worked closely with the Praja Parishad to abolish the Rana regime.
In November 1950, King Tribhuvan took refuge at the Indian Embassy. He was accompanied by his son
The removal of the king led to huge demonstrations in the country that compelled the Rana prime minister,
When Mohan Shumsher saw that the situation was out of his control, he sent the king's brother-in-law,[
Tribhuvan then flew back to Nepal, along with the members of the royal family and the leaders of the Congress Party on 15 February 1951. On 18 February 1951, Tribhuvan returned from India as the monarch. Three days after the return, Tribhuvan formally declared an end to Rana's family rule and established a democratic system, but Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana continued as the prime minister for a few more months.
Congress Rana Government
According to the New Delhi Agreement, Tribhuvan announced on 13 February 1951, a cabinet headed by
From the Rana clan:
- Sir Mohan Shamsher – Prime minister and Foreign Affairs.
- Sir Baber Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana- (younger brother of Mohan Shamsher; was in line for the next premiership) – Defence.
- Chudraj Shamsher – ("B" class Rana representative) – Forests.
- Nripa Janga Rana – ("C" class Rana representative) – Education.
- Yagya Bahadur Basnyat – (Rana Bhardar) – Health and Local self-government.
From the Nepali Congress side:
- Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala – Home.[6]
- Subarna Shamsher Rana- (even though a Rana, he represented the Nepali Congress) – Finance.
- Ganesh Man Singh – Commerce and Industry
- Bharatmani Sharma – Food and Agriculture
- Bhadrakali Mishra – Transport.
This cabinet was reshuffled on 10 June 1951 to replace Baber Shamsher by Shangha Shamsher and Bharatmani Sharma by Surya Prasad Upadhyaya. This cabinet was dissolved in November 1951 and MP Koirala became the new Prime Minister.[7]
Death
Tribhuvan died in 1955 in Zürich, Switzerland. He was succeeded by his eldest legitimate son, Mahendra.
Legacy
The international airport in
Issue
Children born to primary wives
King Tribhuvan had two official wives who were crowned queen consorts:
- Queen Kanti Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah (1906–1973), crowned senior queen consort on the same day as her marriage to the king, in 1919. They had four children:
- King Mahendra of Nepal (1920–1972), married firstly Princess Indra Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah and secondly Princess Ratna Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah. He had children by his first wife;
- Prince Himalaya of Nepal (1921–1980), married Princess Princep Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah. He had no children;
- Princess Trilokya of Nepal (born 1922), married Raj Kumar Sri Hardyal Singh. She had children;
- Princess Vijaya of Nepal (born 1925), unmarried;
- Princess Bharati of Nepal (1927–2020), married Maharaja Sri Pradeep Chandra Bhanj Deo, the Maharaja of Mayurbhanj. She had children.
- Queen Ishwari Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah(1907–1983), crowned junior queen consort on the same day as her marriage to the king, in 1919. They had two children:
- Prince Basundhara of Nepal (1921–1977), married Princess Helen Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah. He had children;
- Princess Nalini of Nepal (1924–2020), married Raja-i-Rajgan Raja Shri Shiv Rattan Dev Singh Sahib Kalan Bahadur, the Raja of Poonch. She had children.
Honours
- National
- Sovereign of the Order of Ojaswi Rajanya
- Sovereign of the Order of Nepal Taradisha
- Sovereign of the Order of Gorkha Dakshina Bahu
- Sovereign of the Order of Tri Shakti Patta
- Foreign
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Supreme Sun, 1 March 1950
- Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of Italian Republic, 16 October 1954[8]
- Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, 1954
Ancestry
He is a descendant of popular personalities such as Maharaja
Ancestors of Tribhuvan of Nepal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- ^ ISBN 9781134264902.
- ^ नेपालको शाह तथा राणा वंशावली: विष्णु प्रसाद श्रेष्ठ
- ^ "National Archives NextGen Catalog". catalog.archives.gov. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ King Tribhuvan and Queen Kanti Archived 10 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Hundred years on". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
- ^ www.nepalicongress.org. "NepaliCongress.org- Nepali Congress Official website – Political party of Nepal". www.nepalicongress.org. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- ^ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- ^ informatici, Segretariato generale della Presidenza della Repubblica – Servizio sistemi. "Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana". www.quirinale.it. Retrieved 8 September 2018.