Tridacna
Tridacna | |
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Giant clam (T. gigas), Michaelmas Cay, QVD | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Bivalvia |
Order: | Cardiida |
Superfamily: | Cardioidea |
Family: | Cardiidae |
Subfamily: | Tridacninae |
Genus: | Tridacna Bruguière, 1797 |
Synonyms | |
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Tridacna is a
All species in the genus Tridacna are protected under
Etymology
The name Tridacna arises from Greek words
List of Species, Systematics, and Phylogeny
The genus contains the following species:[5][6]
- Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819 -- Western Pacific
- Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798) -- Western Pacific
- Tridacna elongatissima Bianconi, 1856
- Tridacna gigas(Linnaeus, 1758) -- Tropical Indo-Pacific
- Tridacna maximaRöding, 1798 ( =Tridacna elongata) -- Tropical Indo-Pacific
- Tridacna mbalavuana Ladd, 1934 -- Fiji, Tonga
- Tridacna noae (Röding, 1798) -- China sea
- Tridacna rosewateri Sirenho & Scarlato, 1991 -- Mascarene region
- Tridacna squamosa Lamarck, 1819 -- Tropical Indo-Pacific
- Tridacna costataRoa-Quiaoit, Kochzius, Jantzen, Al-Zibdah & Richter 2008) -- Indo-Pacific
- Synonyms
- Tridacna acuticostata G. B. Sowerby III, 1912: synonym of Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798)
- Tridacna compressa Reeve, 1862: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) maxima (Röding, 1798) represented as Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna costata Roa-Quiaoit, Kochzius, Jantzen, Zibdah & Richter, 2008: synonym of Tridacna squamosina Sturany, 1899
- Tridacna cumingii Reeve, 1862: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) crocea Lamarck, 1819 represented as Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819 (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna detruncata Bianconi, 1869: synonym of Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna elongata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna ferruginea Reeve, 1862: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) crocea Lamarck, 1819 represented as Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819 (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna fossor Hedley, 1921: synonym of Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798)
- Tridacna glabra Link, 1807: synonym of Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym, synonym)
- Tridacna imbricata (Röding, 1798): synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) maxima (Röding, 1798) represented as Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798)
- Tridacna lamarcki Hidalgo, 1903: synonym of Tridacna squamosa Lamarck, 1819 (synonym - pars)
- Tridacna lanceolata G. B. Sowerby II, 1884: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) maxima (Röding, 1798) represented as Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna lorenzi Monsecour, 2016 -- Mascarene region: synonym of Tridacna lorenzi K. Monsecour, 2016: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) rosewateri Sirenko & Scarlato, 1991 represented as Tridacna rosewateri Sirenko & Scarlato, 1991
- Tridacna mutica Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) maxima (Röding, 1798) represented as Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (synonym - pars)
- Tridacna ningaloo Penny & Willan, 2014: synonym of Tridacna noae (Röding, 1798)
- Tridacna obesa G. B. Sowerby III, 1899: synonym of Tridachnes derasa Röding, 1798: synonym of Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna reevei Hidalgo, 1903: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) maxima (Röding, 1798) represented as Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym, synonym)
- Tridacna rudis Reeve, 1862: synonym of Tridacna (Chametrachea) maxima (Röding, 1798) represented as Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym)
- Tridacna serrifera Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Tridacna derasa (Röding, 1798)
- Tridacna tevoroa Lucas, Ledua & Braley, 1990: synonym of Tridacna mbalavuana Ladd, 1934
- Tridacna troughtoni Iredale, 1927: synonym of Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) (junior subjective synonym)
An alternative older classification recognises a third subgenus Persikima containing T. derasa and T. mbalavuana.[7] Recent biochemical studies have suggested that there may exist morphologically indistinct
Anatomy
Compared to other clams, the soft mantle that secretes the shell is greatly expanded. The clams even have small lens-like structures called
Ecology and behaviour
Tridacna clams are common inhabitants of
Tridacna clams can produce large white
Artistic use
Over a hundred examples of carved Tridacna shells have been found in archaeological expeditions from Italy to the Near East. Similar in artistic style, they were probably produced in the mid-seventh century, made or distributed from the southern coast of Phoenicia. The backs and interior perimeters of the shells show animal, human, and floral motifs, while the interiors typically show recumbent sphinxes. The umbo of the shell is in the shape of a human female or bird's head. They were probably used to store eye cosmetics.[19]
Images
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Tridacna gigas
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Tridacna maxima
Notes
- ^ "The Paleobiology Database". Paleodb.org. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
- ^ PLoS ONE, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080858.
- ^ "Checklist of CITES species".
- ^ Barnett, Cynthia (2021-07-06). "The History, Myth, and Future of the Giant Clam". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
- ^ WoRMS. (2009). Tridacna. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205753 on 2009-01-08.
- ^ Schneider, J.A.,and O´Foighil, D. Phylogeny of Giant Clams (Cardiidae: Tridacninae) Based on Partial Mitochondrial 16S rDNA Gene Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Vol. 13, No. 1, October, pp. 59–66, 1999
- ^ Benzie,J.A.H. and Williams,S.T. Phylogenetic relationships among giant clam species (Mollusca: Tridacnidae) determined by protein electrophoresis. Marine Biology (1998) 132: 123±133
- ^ Mohamed, N.M. et al., Molecular Genetic Analyses of Giant Clam (Tridacna sp.) Populations in the Northern Red Sea. Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 1 (4): 338-342 (2006)
- ^ a b Murphy 2002, p. 25
- ^ Rosewater, J., The Family Tridacnidae in the Indo-Pacific. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1:347-408. 1965
- .
- .
- ^ J.W. Copland and J.S. Lucas, (Eds.), Giant Clams in Asia and the Pacific Vol. 9, Australian Center for International Agricultural Research, Canberra(1988).
- ^ Murphy 2002, p. 28
- ^ "Aquarium Invertebrates: A Trip to an Indonesian Coral and Clam Farm". advancedaquarist.com.
- ^ CIBJO (2007) THE PEARL BOOK:: Natural, Cultured & Imitation Pearls: Terminology & Classification – 5.216. Tridacna gigas (p. 28)
- ^ Natural History – PICKS FROM THE PAST: NOVEMBER 1939 – The Pearl of Allah
- ISBN 978-0-226-67872-6(pp. 64–64)
- ^ Markoe, Glenn. Phoenicians. British Museum Press (2000).
References
- Murphy, Richard C. (2002). Coral Reefs: Cities Under The Sea. Princeton, New Jersey: The Darwin Press. ISBN 978-0-87850-138-0.
- How to Care for Tridacnid Clams FishChannel.com