Trip hop
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Trip hop | |
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Stylistic origins |
Trip hop is a musical genre that originated in the late 1980s in the United Kingdom, especially
The style emerged as a more
Characteristics
Common musical aesthetics include a bass-heavy drumbeat,[12] often providing the slowed down breakbeat samples similar to standard 1990s hip hop beats, giving the genre a more psychedelic and mainstream feel.[12] Vocals in trip hop are often female and feature characteristics of various singing styles including R&B, jazz and rock. The female-dominant vocals of trip hop may be partially attributable to the influence of genres such as jazz and early R&B, in which female vocalists were more common. However, there are notable exceptions: Massive Attack[13] and Groove Armada collaborated with male and female vocalists, Tricky often features vocally in his own productions along with Martina Topley-Bird,[14] and Chris Corner provided vocals for later albums with Sneaker Pimps.[15]
Trip hop is also known for its melancholic sound. This may be partly due to the fact that several acts were inspired by post-punk bands;[16] Tricky and Massive Attack both covered and sampled songs of Siouxsie and the Banshees[17][18] and the Cure.[19][20] Tricky opened his second album Nearly God with a version of "Tattoo", a proto-trip-hop song of Siouxsie and the Banshees initially recorded in 1983.[21]
Trip hop tracks often incorporate
History
Late 1980s–1991: Origins
The term "trip-hop" first appeared in print in June 1994.
In Bristol, hip hop began to seep into the consciousness of a subculture already well-schooled in Jamaican forms of music. DJs,
Bristol's
Another influence came from
1991–1997: Mainstream breakthrough
Massive Attack's first album Blue Lines was released in 1991 to huge success in the United Kingdom.[33] Blue Lines was seen widely as the first major manifestation of a uniquely British hip hop movement, but the album's hit single "Unfinished Sympathy" and other tracks were not seen as hip hop songs in a conventional sense despite similarities in production methods such as using sample-based rhythms. Produced by Dollar, Shara Nelson (R&B singer) featured on the orchestral "Unfinished", and Jamaican dance hall star Horace Andy provided vocals on several other tracks, as he would throughout Massive Attack's career.[34] Massive Attack released their second album entitled Protection in 1994. Although Tricky stayed on in a lesser role and Hooper again produced, the fertile dance music scene of the early 1990s had informed the record, and it was seen as an even more significant shift away from the Wild Bunch era.
In the June 1994 issue of the UK magazine
In 1993, Icelandic musician
Trip-hop neared the peak of its popularity in 1994 and 1995, with artists such as
In 1994,
Tricky also released his debut solo album,
Although not as popular in the United States, bands like Portishead and Sneaker Pimps saw moderate airplay on alternative-rock stations across the country.[45]
1997–2010: Continued success and new directions
After the initial success of trip hop in the mid-1990s, the artists who made their own interpretations of the genre include Archive, Baby Fox, Bowery Electric, Esthero, Morcheeba, Sneaker Pimps, Anomie Belle,[49] Alpha, Jaianto, Mudville and Cibo Matto and Lamb. These artists incorporated trip hop into other genres, including ambient, soul, IDM, industrial, dubstep, breakbeat, drum and bass, acid jazz, and new-age. The first printed use of the term "post-trip hop" was in an October 2002 article of The Independent, and was used to describe the band Second Person.[50]
Trip hop has also influenced artists in other genres, including
Trip hop continued to influence notable artists in the 2000s. Norwegian
During the late 1990s and early 2000s trip hop achieved crossover success in the United States, often lumped under the "electronica" label. Trip hop songs were featured in film soundtracks of this era such as the
2010–present
Major notable trip hop releases from 2010s include Massive Attack's Heligoland, their first studio album in seven years; and Dutch's A Bright Cold Day in 2010, the latter group including Jedi Mind Tricks producer Stoupe the Enemy of Mankind.[74][75]
DJ Shadow's The Less You Know, the Better was released in 2011 after a highly publicised unveiling of songs, including appearances on Zane Lowe's BBC Radio 1 show and previews at a performance in Antwerp in August 2010.[76] The album was met with "generally favorable reviews" on Metacritic, with some criticising Shadow's lack of originality. Sam Richards of NME felt that the album sounded "like the work of a man struggling to recall his motivations for making music in the first place."
Beak's album titled Beak>> was released in 2012 and received high scores from journalists, including an 8/10 from NME and Spin magazine.[77]
Lana Del Rey released her second album, Born to Die in 2012, which contained a string of trip hop ballads.[78] The album topped the charts in eleven countries, including Australia, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom; it has sold 3.4 million copies worldwide as of 2013 according to International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.[79]
Following the 2013 release of
See also
References
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- ^ Goldman, Vivien (31 January 2012). "Local Groove Does Good: The Story Of Trip-Hop's Rise From Bristol". npr.org.
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- ^ a b Trip-Hop Electronic » Electronica » Trip-Hop. "Explore: Trip-Hop". AllMusic. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
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- ^ "The 10 best trip hop tracks, according to Nouvelle Vague's Marc Collin". Dummymag.com. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
- ^ "moon-palace.de" Tricky web Site. Tricky covered "Tattoo" (a pre-trip-hop song of Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1983) for the opening track of his second album Nearly God in 1996
- ^ "Inflightdata.com" Archived 13 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine Massive Attack sampled and covered "Metal Postcard" of Siouxsie and the Banshees in 1997 on the movie soundtrack The Jackal
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- ^ Dombal, Ryan (29 January 2009). "Folk-Jazz Icon John Martyn, R.I.P." Pitchfork. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
- ^ Andersen, Ragnhild Brøvig. "Groove in trip-hop music" (PDF). University of Oslo. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
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