Troyes
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Troyes | |
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Prefecture and commune | |
Coordinates: 48°17′59″N 4°04′45″E / 48.2997°N 4.0792°E | |
Country | France |
Region | Grand Est |
Department | Aube |
Arrondissement | Troyes |
Canton | Troyes-1 Troyes-2 Troyes-3 Troyes-4 Troyes-5 |
Intercommunality | CA Troyes Champagne Métropole |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–2026) | François Baroin[1] (LR) |
Area 1 | 13.2 km2 (5.1 sq mi) |
Population (2021)[2] | 62,782 |
• Density | 4,800/km2 (12,000/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
INSEE/Postal code | 10387 /10000 |
Elevation | 100–126 m (328–413 ft) (avg. 118 m or 387 ft) |
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
Troyes (French pronunciation: [tʁwa] ⓘ) is a commune and the capital of the department of Aube in the Grand Est region of north-central France. It is located on the Seine river about 140 km (87 mi) south-east of Paris. Troyes is situated within the Champagne wine region and is near to the Orient Forest Regional Natural Park.
Troyes had a population of 61,996 inhabitants in 2018. It is the center of the Communauté d'agglomération Troyes Champagne Métropole, which was home to 170,145 inhabitants.
Troyes developed as early as the
Manufacturing of
History
Prehistoric evidence found in the Troyes area suggests that the settlement may have developed as early as 600 BC. Celtic grave-mounds have been found near the city, and Celtic artifacts have been excavated within the city grounds.[3]
In the Roman era, Troyes was known as Augustobona Tricassium. Numerous highways intersected here, primarily the Via Agrippa, which led north to Reims and south to Langres, and eventually to Milan.[4] Other Roman routes from Troyes led to Poitiers, Autun and Orléans.[5]
It was the
From the fourth century AD, the people had become Christian and the Church made the city the seat of a bishop. The legend of its bishop
The
.The early cathedral occupied the site of the current one. Here
During the Middle Ages, Troyes functioned as an important international trading town. It was the namesake of troy weight for gold - a standard of measurement developed here.[9] The Champagne cloth fairs and the revival of long-distance trade, together with new extension of coinage and credit, were the drivers of the medieval economy of Troyes.
In 1285, when
On 21 May 1420, the
The great fire of 1524 destroyed much of the medieval city, although the city had numerous canals separating sections.
Main sights
- Many half-timbered houses(mainly of the 16th century) survive in the old town.
- Hôtels Particuliers (palaces) of the old town
- The Hôtel de Ville, Place Alexandre Israël, is an urbane example of the style Louis XIII. On the central "Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité, ou la Mort". In the Salle du Conseil (Council Chamber) a marble medallion of Louis XIV (1690) by François Girardon, born at Troyes, survived the destruction unscathed.
Museums
- Museum of Modern Art (Musée d'Art Moderne)
- Maison de l'outil et de la pensée ouvrière
- Vauluisant Museum :
- Historical museum of Troyes and Champagne-Ardenne
- Museum of hosiery
- Hôtel-Dieu-Lecomte apothecary
- Saint-Loup Museum (museum of fine arts)
- Di Marco Museum (Open from 1 April to 1 October, each year)
Churches
Not having suffered from the last wars, Troyes has a high density of old religious buildings grouped close to the city centre. They include:
- Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul Cathedral
- Saint-Nizier Church, in Gothic and Renaissance style, with remarkable sculptures. Classified as a Monument Historique(French equivalence) in 1840.
- The Gothic Monument Historiquein 1840. It was proclaimed a basilica in 1964.
- Sainte-Madeleine Church. Very early Gothic, with east end rebuilt around 1500. Remarkably elaborate stone rood screen of 1508–17 in Flamboyant Gothic style, sculpted by Jean Gailde, with a statue of Saint Martha. Fine Renaissance stained glass. Saint Jean district. Classified Monument historique in 1840.
- Saint-Jean Church, with a Renaissance chancel, Monument Historiquein 1840.
- Gothic Saint-Nicolas Church, dating to the beginning of the sixteenth century, with a calvary chapel -shaped rostrum reached by a monumental staircase. On the south portal, two sculptures by François Gentil of David and Isaiah.
- Saint-Pantaléon Church, with extensive statuary from the sixteenth century.
- Saint Remy Church, with a 14th-century spire rising to a height of 60 m (196.85 ft). A 17th-century sundial on its south side bears the Latin inscription sicut umbra dies nostri super terram ("our days on earth pass like a shadow").
- Church of Saint-Martin-ès-Vignes. It has stained glass windows of the seventeenth century by the local master verrier Linard Gonthier.
Several Troyes churches have sculpture by The Maître de Chaource.
Climate
Climate data for Troyes (1981–2010 averages) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 16.2 (61.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
26.1 (79.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
33.3 (91.9) |
38.4 (101.1) |
41.8 (107.2) |
40.6 (105.1) |
35.0 (95.0) |
30.3 (86.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
19.0 (66.2) |
41.8 (107.2) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) |
7.7 (45.9) |
11.9 (53.4) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.5 (67.1) |
22.7 (72.9) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
6.7 (44.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
2.0 (35.6) |
3.7 (38.7) |
7.8 (46.0) |
10.7 (51.3) |
12.8 (55.0) |
12.6 (54.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
0.8 (33.4) |
5.8 (42.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −23.0 (−9.4) |
−17.6 (0.3) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
0.4 (32.7) |
3.1 (37.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−18.0 (−0.4) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 50.5 (1.99) |
42.1 (1.66) |
47.7 (1.88) |
50.9 (2.00) |
61.7 (2.43) |
56.6 (2.23) |
54.4 (2.14) |
52.2 (2.06) |
53.3 (2.10) |
63.6 (2.50) |
51.2 (2.02) |
60.6 (2.39) |
644.8 (25.39) |
Average precipitation days | 10.6 | 9.2 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 9.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 11.3 | 114.5 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 68.6 | 88.3 | 143.8 | 184.8 | 215.0 | 229.4 | 235.5 | 228.2 | 179.2 | 123.6 | 66.6 | 53.6 | 1,816.4 |
Source: Météo France[10][11] |
Population
The inhabitants of the commune are called Troyens.
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Source: EHESS[12] and INSEE (1968–2017)[13] |
Economy
Troyes is home to the production headquarters of
Education
The University of Technology of Troyes and the business school Groupe École supérieure de commerce de Troyes are located in Troyes.
Transport
The train station
Sport
Troyes is the home of
In popular culture
- Troyes (2010) is a
- Chapter 28 of Sigma Force novel, The Doomsday Key (2009), is named "Troyes, France," as the city plays an important role in the plot.[citation needed]
Notable people
- Jean-Marie Bigard, (born 1954) French stand-up comedian, writer and director
- Saint Marguerite Bourgeoys, (1620–1700), a founder of Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal and the city of Montreal
- Gilles Buck (1935–2010), French sailor who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics
- Émile Coué (1857–1926), pharmacist, hypnotist and creator of La méthode Coué ("Every day, in every way, I'm getting better and better")
- Hughes de Payens (1070–1136), Knight of the First Crusade and founder of the Knights Templar
- Chrétien de Troyes, 12th-century trouvère
- François Girardon (1628–1715), sculptor
- Linard Gonthier (1565 – after 1642), stained-glass artisan (verrier)
- François-Pierre Goy (born 1960), musicologist
- Édouard Herriot (1872–1957), Radical politician of the Third Republic, three-time Prime Minister of France
- André Lefèvre (1717–1768), contributor to the Encyclopédie
- Maurice Marinot (1882–1960), glass artist and painter
- Pierre Mignard (1610–1695), painter
- Jacques Pantaléon, (c. 1195–1264), Pope Urban IV
- Patroclus of Troyes (3rd century), martyr
- Pierre Pithou (1539–1596), Calvinist jurisconsult and scholar, co-editor of the Satire Ménippée
- Rashi (1040–1105), biblical and Talmudic commentator
- Rabbeinu Tam (1100–1171), rabbi and Rashi's grandson
- Edmonton Eskimos
- Béatrice Saubin (1959–2007), first foreign national to be sentenced to death in Malaysia for drug smuggling
- Hervé Schreiner (born 1974), former professional footballer
- Djibril Sidibé, (born 1992), footballer
- Nicolas Siret (1663–1754), composer
- Abdoul Sissoko, (born 1990), footballer
- 2014, 2017 SheBelieves Cup champion, UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship: 2003, an all-star team member of the UEFA Women's Championship All-Star Team: 2013, two-time winner player of the year
- Jean Tirole, (born 1953), Nobel Award in Economics
- Aldebrandin of Siena, (died 1296/1299?), physician
Twin towns
Troyes is
- Alkmaar, Netherlands
- Chesterfield, England
- Tournai, Belgium
- Darmstadt, Germany, since 1958
- Zielona Góra, Poland, since 1970
- Brescia, Italy, since 2016
See also
- Communes of the Aube department
- Count of Troyes
- Order of the Knights Templar
- Troy weight#Etymology
- Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service
References
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ "L'énigme de la Tombe Celte" (arte, French): 1 h 13 min 02 sec and following. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2a0w6dQAn0
- ^ Traces of the Roman paving have been found 3 m (9.84 ft) below the rue de la Ciré.("Balades dans l'histoire du vieux Troyes")
- ^ Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
- ^ Ptolemy, Geography 8.13, mentions the Tricasses and their city Augustobona.
- ^ Attwater, Donald. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints, (1945) Reprint: 1981, p. 223.
- ^
Baudoin, Jacques (2006). Grand livre des saints: culte et iconographie en Occident (in French). Nonette: EDITIONS CREER. p. 112. ISBN 9782848190419. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
Saint Aventin de Troyes (Aventinus, 4 février) Ermite natif de Bourges, attiré en Champagne par la réputation de saint Loup de Troyes († 479). Il avait installé à Troyes une communauté monastique. En 525, il racheta de l'esclavage Fidole (saint Phal), à qui il confia son monastère, et il se retira en ermite a l'Isle-au-Mont, ou il mourut en 537.
- ISBN 978-0-571-26965-5.
- ^ "Données climatiques de la station de Troyes" (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original on 2 June 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
- ^ "Climat Champagne-Ardenne" (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original on 25 February 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
- ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Troyes, EHESS (in French).
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ chocolatier. "Pascal Caffet, Meilleur Ouvrier de France pâtissier, Champion du monde des métiers du dessert". Pascal-caffet.com. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
- ^ "Troyes (2010)". Board Game Geek.
- ^ "Troyes (2010)". Z-Man Games. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
- ^ "Nos villes jumelles". ville-troyes.fr (in French). Troyes. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
Bibliography
External links
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Troyes". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- (in French)Troyes city council website