Turkey–Zimbabwe relations
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 Turkey |
 Zimbabwe |
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Turkey has an embassy in Harare. Zimbabwe opened its embassy in Ankara on October 3, 2019.[1]
Diplomatic relations
Turkey and
ZANU’s guerrillas to set up bases in neighboring Mozambique and declared war on Ian Smith’s Rhodesia, which allowed for majority-rule in Zimbabwe.[4]
By 1992, Turkey provided £47 million[5] out of the £900 million in total that the international community pledged as foreign aid to the government formed by Robert Mugabe, who initially won plaudits for protecting the white community in Zimbabwe.[4]
Turkey’s relations with Zimbabwe became very tenseUN estimates, the death of 1.2 million people.[6]
Economic relations
- Trade volume between the two countries was US$17.7 million in 2018 (Turkish exports/imports: 5.9/11.8 million USD).[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Relations between Turkey and Zimbabwe". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
- ^ a b Lake, Anthony. The Tar Baby Option: American Policy toward Southern Rhodesia. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976.
- ^ Gifford, Paul. “American Evangelicalism in Zimbabwe.” In Jan P. Nederveen Pietersee, ed. Christianity and Hegemony: Religion and Politics on the Frontiers of Social Change. New York: Berg, 1992.
- ^ a b c Horne, Gerald. From the Barrel of a Gun: The United States and the War Against Zimbabwe, 1965–1980. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
- ^ a b Stedman, Stephen Jay. Peacemaking in Civil War: International Mediation in Zimbabwe. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 1991.
- ^ a b c DeRoche, Andrew. Black, White, and Chrome: The United States and Zimbabwe, 1953 to 1998. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World, 2001.
Further reading
- DeRoche, Andrew. Black, White, and Chrome: The United States and Zimbabwe, 1953 to 1998. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World, 2001.
- Gifford, Paul. “American Evangelicalism in Zimbabwe.” In Jan P. Nederveen Pietersee, ed. Christianity and Hegemony: Religion and Politics on the Frontiers of Social Change. New York: Berg, 1992.
- Horne, Gerald. From the Barrel of a Gun: The United States and the War Against Zimbabwe, 1965–1980. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
- Lake, Anthony. The Tar Baby Option: American Policy toward Southern Rhodesia. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976.
- Stedman, Stephen Jay. Peacemaking in Civil War: International Mediation in Zimbabwe. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 1991.
- Thompson, Carol B. Challenge to Imperialism: The Frontline States in the Liberation of Zimbabwe. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1986.
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