Turoni
The Turoni or Turones were a
They were among the first tribes to give support to the Gallic coalition against Rome led by Vercingetorix in 52 BC, then to the revolt of Sacrovir in 21 AD.[1]
Name
They are mentioned as Turonos and Turonis by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC),[2] Turones by Pliny (1st c. AD),[3] Turoni by Tacitus (early 2nd c. AD),[4] and as Touroúpioi (Τουρούπιοι, var. τουρογιεῖς) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).[5][6]
A
The city of Tours, attested in the 6th c. AD as apud Toronos (in civitate Turonus in 976, Turonis in 1205, Tors in 1266), and the Touraine region, attested in 774 as Turonice civitatis (in pago Turonico in 983, vicecomes Turanie in 1195–96, Touraine in 1220), are named after the Gallic tribe.[8]
Geography
The Turoni on the middle reaches of the Loire river.[1] It spanned the modern department of Indre-et-Loire, and parts of the Indre and Vienne.[citation needed] Their territory was located south of the Cenomani, east of the Andecavi and the Pictones.[1]
Before the Roman conquest, the main oppidum of the tribe was probably the oppidum of Fondettes,[9] or possibly the one which was found behind the Amboise Castle, called Oppidum des Châtelliers.[10]
During the Roman era, the chief town of the Turonian territory was
References
- ^ a b c Demarolle 2006.
- ^ Caesar. Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 2:35:3, 8:46:4.
- ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 4:107.
- ^ Tacitus. Annales, 3:41.
- ^ Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:8:11.
- ^ Falileyev 2010, s.v. Turones.
- ^ Chronicle of the Early Britons
- ^ Nègre 1990, p. 158.
- ^ Ancient Society (in French). Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven. 1970. p. 158.
- ISBN 9781473849204.
- ISBN 9780764587702.
Bibliography
- Demarolle, Jeanne-Marie (2006). "Turoni". Brill's New Pauly. .
- Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
- ISBN 978-2-600-02883-7.
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