Turrbal language
This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: Lack of clarity on overlap and differences between Turrbal and Yagara.(February 2024) |
Turrbal | |
---|---|
Yagara | |
Region | Queensland |
Ethnicity | Turrbal |
Pama–Nyungan
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | yxg |
Glottolog | yaga1256 Yagara-Jandai |
AIATSIS[1] | E86 Turubul, E23 Jagara |
ELP | Yagara |
Turrbal is an
Alternate spellings include Turubul, Turrubal, Turrabul, Toorbal, and Tarabul.[2][3]
Classification
The four dialects listed in Dixon (2002)
Phonology
Consonants
Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Labial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolar | |
Plosive
|
b | ɡ | ɟ | d |
Nasal
|
m | ŋ | ɲ | n |
Rhotic | r | |||
Lateral | l | |||
Approximant
|
w | j |
- Stop sounds may also be heard as voiceless [p, t, c, k].
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | e | o | |
Open | a |
Influence on other languages
The Australian English word yakka, an informal term referring to any work, especially of strenuous kind, comes from the Yagara word yaga, the verb for 'work'.[13][14]
The literary journal Meanjin takes its name from the Turrbal name for the land centred at Garden's Point on which Brisbane was founded.[15] This name is now more broadly used for the greater Brisbane area.[16][17]
Vocabulary
Some words from the Turrbal / Yagara language include:[18][19][20][21]
- Bigi: sun
- Binung: ear
- Bugwal: wallaby
- Buneen: echidna
- Bangil / bungil: grass
- Buhn: knee
- Buyu: shin
- Deear : teeth
- Dhagun: land
- Dhambur : mouth
- Dharang: leg
- Dhiggeri: belly / stomach
- Dinna: foot
- Dyrrbin: bone
- Gahm: head
- Giga: shoulder
- Gurumba bigi: good day
- Gujah / guttah: snake
- Gagarr / guyurr: fish
- Juhrram: rain
- Juwahduwan / juwahnduwan / juwanbinl: bird(s)
- Killen: finger
- Kundul: canoe
- Marra: hand
- Dumbirrbi / marrambi: koala
- Mil: eye / eyes
- Guruman / murri: kangaroo
- Muru: nose
- Nammul: children
- Nggurrun: neck
- Ngumbi: home / camp
- Tahbil: water (fresh)
- Towan: fish
- Tullei: tree
- Waiyebba: arm
- Wunya: welcome / greetings
- Yilam: forehead
References
- ^ a b c E86 Turubul at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (see the info box for additional links)
- ^ "Turrbal Aboriginal Tribe - Traditional Owners of Brisbane". Turrbal. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
- ^ The Turrbal Association (an incorporated Turrbal association that offers cultural services) uses the spelling "Turrbal" in preference to other spellings.
- Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiv.
- ^ "E23: Yuggera". Australian Indigenous Languages Database. Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "E66: Yugarabul". Australian Indigenous Languages Database. Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ Watson, F.J. (1944). Vocabularies of four representative tribes of South Eastern Queensland : with grammatical notes thereof and some notes on manners and customs, also, a list of Aboriginal place names and their derivations. Royal Geographical Society of Australasia (Queensland). Retrieved 22 February 2023.
- ISBN 0520020057.
- ISBN 0702219436.
- ISBN 0521473780.
- ^ Charlton, Kerry (2019). An introduction to the languages of Moreton Bay : Yagarabul and Its Djandewal dialect, and Moreton Islands Gowar.
- ^ Jefferies, Tony (2011). Guwar, the language of Moreton Island, and its relationship to the Bandjalang and Yagara subgroups: a case for phylogenetic migratory expansion?. University of Queensland.
- ^ Macquarie Dictionary (19 August 2019). "Good, old-fashioned hard yakka". Macquarie Dictionary. Archived from the original on 11 March 2023.
- ^ "Meanings and origins of Australian words and idioms". Australian National University. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
- The Brisbane Courier. Vol. LVIII, no. 13, 623. Queensland, Australia. 10 September 1901. p. 7. Archivedfrom the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
- from the original on 4 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ "Meanjin: exploring the Traditional Place name of Brisbane". auspost.com.au. 14 July 2023. Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- CC BY licence, accessed on 14 June 2022.
- CC BY licence, accessed on 14 June 2022.
- CC BY licence, accessed on 14 June 2022.
- CC BY licence, accessed on 14 June 2022.
Further reading
- Indigenous Language Wordlists: Turubul Body Parts, published by State Library of Queensland under CC-BY license, accessed 14 June 2022
- Indigenous Language Wordlists: Yugarabul Body Parts, published by State Library of Queensland under CC-BY license, accessed 14 June 2022
- Indigenous Language Wordlists: Yugara Everyday Words, published by State Library of Queensland under CC-BY license, accessed 14 June 2022