Tutelo
Monacan, after 18th century: Cayuga |
The Tutelo (also Totero, Totteroy, Tutera; Yesan in Tutelo) were
Under pressure from English settlers and Seneca Iroquois, they joined with other Virginia Siouan tribes in the late 17th century and became collectively known as the Nahyssan. By 1740, they had largely left Virginia and migrated north to seek protection from their former Iroquois opponents. They were adopted by the Cayuga tribe of New York in 1753.[2][1] Ultimately, their descendants migrated into Canada.[1]
Name
The English name Tutelo comes from the Algonquian variant of the name that the Iroquois used for all the Virginia Siouan tribes: Toderochrone (with many variant spellings). The Tutelo
The name
History
17th century
The Tutelo historic homeland was said to include the area of the
Although previously known to the Virginia colonists by their other names, a form of Tutelo first appeared in Virginia records in 1671, when the
Between 1671 and 1701, Tutelo abandoned their homelands and joined the Occaneechi.[1]
18th century
In 1701, they were noted as living at the headwaters of the Yadkin River in North Carolina. After 1714, the Saponi and Tutelo, collectively known as a Nahyssan, resided at Junkatapurse around Fort Christanna in Brunswick County, Virginia, near the border with North Carolina.[4]
After the signing of the
The Tutelo village of Coreorgonel was located near present-day Ithaca, New York and Buttermilk Falls State Park.[7] There they lived under the protection of the Cayuga until Coreorgonel, along with many other Iroquois towns, was destroyed during the American Revolutionary War by the Sullivan Expedition of 1779. It was retaliation for British-Iroquois raids against the American rebels.[8]
The Tutelo went with the Iroquois to
19th century
John Key, also known as Gostango (meaning "Below the Rock") and Nastabon ("One Step") survived Nikonha as the last recorded fluent speaker of the Tutelo language. He died on March 23, 1898, at 78 years old. Chief John Buck (Onondaga/Tutelo, ca. 1818–1893) was a Haudenosaunee firekeeper at the Oshweken Longhouse on the Six Nations Reserve in Ontario. He recounted Tutelo stories to American ethnologists John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt and Frank Speck.[12]
See also
Notes
- ^ ISBN 9780403098644.
- ^ a b Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," p. 129.
- ^ a b Hanna, Charles (1911). The Wilderness Trail (Volume 2 ed.). G. P. Putnam's sons. pp. 117–119.
- ^ a b John Reed Swanton, The Indian Tribes of North America, 1906, p. 74
- ^ Patricia Robin Woodruff, Archeological Dig into a Floyd Native American Village Site Floyd Magazine, Fall/Winter 2014, p. 42
- ^ a b Jay Hansford C. Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," p. 128.
- ^ Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," p. 134.
- ^ Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," pp. 139–39.
- ^ Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," p. 144.
- ^ Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," pp. 144–47.
- ^ Robert Vest, 2006, "Letters of Chief Samuel Johns to Frank G. Speck".
- ^ Vest, "An Odyssey among the Iroquois," p. 147.
References
- Ricky, Donald B. (1999). Indians of Louisiana. St. Clair Shores, MI: Somerset Publishers. pp. 271–72. ISBN 9780403098644.
- Swanton, John Reed (1952). The Indian Tribes of North America. Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 74. ISBN 9780806317304.
- Vest, Jay Hansford C. (Winter–Spring 2005). "An Odyssey among the Iroquois: A History of Tutelo Relations in New York". American Indian Quarterly. 29 (1/2): 124–55. JSTOR 4138803.
External links
- Tutelo war club owned by Chief John Buck, National Museum of the American Indian