Two Establishes and Two Upholds

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"Two Establishes" (两个确立) and "Two Upholds" (两个维护)[1] are two political slogans established by the Chinese Communist Party to reinforce general secretary Xi Jinping's rule.[2][3]

Two Establishes

"Two Establishes"[1] was put forward by the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in November 2021. It says:[2][4][5]

  1. "Establishes Comrade Xi Jinping as the core of the Party Central Committee and the core position of the entire Party,"[a]
  2. "Establishes the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era."[b]

Two Upholds

"Two Upholds"[1] was put forward by the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in September 2018. It says:[6][7][5]

  1. "Resolutely upholds General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core status as the core of the Party Central Committee and the entire Party."[c]
  2. "Resolutely upholds the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee."[d]

The 20th National Congress of the CCP in 2022 passed an amendment to write the "Two Upholds" into the CCP constitution.[8][9]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 确立习近平同志党中央的核心、全党的核心地位
  2. ^ 确立习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指导地位
  3. ^ 坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位
  4. ^ 坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导

References

  1. ^ a b c "Major Achievements in the External Work of the Communist Party of China Over the Past Decade_Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the United States of America". Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the United States of America. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  2. ^ a b "Two Establishes". China Media Project. Archived from the original on 2022-07-29. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  3. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived
    from the original on 2022-08-11. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  4. ^ "中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第六次全体会议公报". 人民网. 2021-11-11. Archived from the original on 2021-11-11. Retrieved 2021-11-12.
  5. ^ a b "两个确立和两个维护是什么意思？内容有哪些？ - 农交网". m.nongjiao.com. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  6. ^ 张晓明、刘晓雪. "中国共产党政治建设的百年历程与经验启示". Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  7. ^ "十九届中央纪委第五次全体会议公報" (PDF). 新華社. 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-03-06. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  8. ^ "Factbox: China's Communist Party amends its charter, strengthens Xi's power". Reuters. 2022-10-22. Retrieved 2022-10-24.
  9. ^ "中国共产党章程--中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会专题报道--人民网". People's Daily (in Chinese). Retrieved 2022-10-26.
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